Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Software
Contents
Overview
Pre-Planning Routes
Overview
Purpose
Studied Case
Area: Mauritius, which is located in the east longitude and south
latitude, Southern Hemisphere
Basic information of the site:
High- accuracy electronic map (in the Planet_UTM format):
Overview
The Pathloss software is a comprehensive path design tool based on the radio links. The
Pathloss software operates at frequencies ranging from 30 MHz to 100 GHz. Currently,
Pathloss 4.0 is commonly used.
Generally, electronic maps in three formats are used for the Pathloss software. They are
described as follows:
1. Electronic map released with the software
The accuracy of this map is 900 meters. The map is carried in two disks as follows:
Disk 1-map covering the North and South America
Disk 2-map covering the Europe, Africa and Asia
2. Electronic map in the SRTM format
This kind of map is classified into the following three categories:
SRTM 1': The accuracy of this map is 30 meters. Only the electronic map covering part of
the North America is available.
SRTM 3':The accuracy of this map is 90 meters. The high-accuracy electronic map
covering the entire globe is available. It is commonly used.
SRTM 30': The accuracy of this map is 900 meters. The high-accuracy electronic map
covering the entire globe is available.
3. Electronic map in the Planet_UTM format
This kind of map has high accuracy, which ranges from several meters to tens of meters.
You can obtain it form the Radio Network Planning Dept.
Overview
Four versions of the Pathloss Software
PL4B: basic design software for microwave transmission
PL4C: basic design software for microwave transmission + coverage
calculation
PL4I: basic design software for microwave transmission + interference analysis
PL4CI: basic design software for microwave transmission + coverage
calculation + interference analysis
Overview
Requirements for Installing the Pathloss Software
The computer should be of the Pentium series, and should run in the
Windows 95/98 (or a later version) or Windows NT 4.0 (or a later version)
operating system.
The Pathloss software (with few database engines) requires a minimum of 6-
Mbyte hard disk space. More database engines and various data files will
increase the requirement for the hard disk space to 25 Mbytes.
A memory with a capacity of more than 64 Mbytes is required when the
Overview
Uninstallation of the Pathloss
License in a floppy disk:
Choose Configure > Program > Uninitialize Program from the menu in the Pathloss.
Click Start, and select Control Panel. In the displayed window, choose Add or Remove Programs >
Change or Remove Programs > Pathloss 4.0.
License in a USB
Click Start, and select Control Panel. In the displayed window, choose Add or Remove Programs >
Change or Remove Programs > Pathloss 4.0.
Contents
Overview
Pre-Planning Routes
Outputting the
Information
Run the Pathloss software, and choose Configure > Terrain Database from the menu of the
Pathloss. In the displayed dialog box, select SRTM under Primary.
Click Setup Primary, and the SRTM window is displayed. Choose Files > BIL-HDR-BLW to select
the proper map (in the format of *.hgt).
Importing
the
Data
Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)
UTM projection is a conformal, secant, and cylindrical projection. The cylinder intersects the
earth at the two circles of equal altitudes: south altitude 80 degrees and north altitude 84
degrees. After the projection, distortion does not occur to the two intersected longitudes. The
ratio of the two longitudes to the central meridian is 0.9996. The UTM projection is created for
the world war. In 1948, the U.S.A completed the calculation of this universe projection system.
The projection azimuth is not distorted, the central meridian is a straight line and is the
symmetry axis of the projection.
In UTM, earth is divided into 60 zones limited by west longitude 180 degrees, spanning six
degrees of longitude each from the west to the east. UTM is a widely used projection mode.
The satellite image of China often adopts the UTM projection mode.
Click Setup Primary. In the displayed Odyssey - UTM dialog box, select Use special UTM zone, and enter the time zone number
plus N or S in the box. ("N" represents the Northern Hemisphere, and "S" represents the Southern Hemisphere. If you do not enter
N or S, it is set to N by default. In the case of Mauritius, you should enter 40S.) If the map contains the information of buildings,
select Embedded building data. If the map covers regions that are located in several time zones, you can select Use standard
UTM zones in index.
Click Planet, and the format of the imported data is changed to Planet. In UTM zone, enter the time
zone number plus N or S. Then click OK, select the Index.txt file, and click OK. The map information list
is imported. Choose Files > Close in the Odyssey - UTM window. Click Close and then click OK.
Descriptions of the preceding parameters:
Edge units: generally expressed in meters
Byte order: SPARC or INTEL
Bottom up: This item determines whether the map starts from the southwestern corner or from the
northwestern corner. If the imported map is upside down, you need to adjust this item.
After you determine the related items in the Import Text File dialog box, click Import.
Select the data to be imported (final data format: *.CSV), click Open, and then click
Import. Click Close when the process is complete.
Importing
the
Data
Choose Files > Save (in the format of *.gr4) > Site Data > Create Background. The
background file is created.
The background files may not be created when the Pathloss is used. The
possible causes are as follows:
1. The table heading in the saved *.CSV file is not deleted.
2. The path of the map is incorrectly set.
3. The geographical location is incorrectly set.
4. The file is not saved as required, that is, you should choose Files >
Save to save the file in the format of *.gr4.
Contents
Overview
Pre-Planning Routes
Outputting the
Information
Pre-Planning Routes
1. Read through the contents on network, transmission and line construction in the
tender document and digest these contents. Sort out the required information.
2. If the clauses that are required for the network planning but are not specified in the
tender document, communicate with the operator and clarify the doubts.
3. Fully understand the bidding strategies of the project team.
4. Determine the required conditions for pre-planning the microwave transmission
routes, based on the requirements of the tender document, the conclusion reached
after the communication with the project team, and the output of the radio network
planning. These required conditions are described as follows:
Bidding strategies of the project team
KPIs
Transmission modes of the backbone network (network between cities)
Selected microwave products
Maximum antenna heights
Adopted protection modes
Pre-Planning Routes
Pre-Planning Routes
Network Configuration
SDH (large-capacity microwave: STM-1)
4xE1
4x
E1
16xE1)
1+1
BSC
16xE1
1E1
2xE
1
8x
E1
4xE1
4x
E1
4xE1
1xE1
2xE1
4xE1
4xE
1
2xE1
1xE1
Pre-Planning Routes
(1)
Flow chart 1
Pre-Planning Routes
Procedures for Configuring a Link
Connect the BSC to a nearest site, and click on the
connection line. Choose Terrain Data > Operations >
Generate Profile.
In the displayed Generate Profile dialog box, click Generate
and then click Close. Choose Module > Antenna Heights,
and click Calculate (check if the line-of-sight transmission
between the two sites is available).
Choose Module > Network, and then click Yes.
Pre-Planning Routes
Drag the mouse to connect Site38 and Site40. Click on the connection line, and
select Summary. Based on the data in Calculated Distance (km), enter the proper
value in Frequency. This hop of link adopts the central frequency point 12996 MHz
of the 13 GHz frequency band.
Pre-Planning Routes
Choose Module > Terrain Data > Operations > Generate Profile.
Pre-Planning Routes
Click Generate in the Generate Profile dialog box, and then click Close. Doubleclick the blank area under Structure, and then select Range of Structures. Set the
height of the structure (in the example, a tree of 15 meters).
Select any point on the profile, and you can modify the related parameters, for
example, distance, elevation, structure, scale and ground.
Pre-Planning Routes
Pre-Planning Routes
Choose Module > Print Profile.
220
200
180
E lev atio n ( m )
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
20 11 15.36 S
057 43 03.36 E
298.90M
40 m ASL
28.5 m AGL
Site40
Latitude
Longitude
Azimuth
Elevation
Antenna CL
18 07
20 08 52.08 S
057 38 28.68 E
118.93M
170 m ASL
29.8 m AGL
Pre-Planning Routes
Operations for the Sites Between Which the Line-of-Sight Transmission Is not Available: Adding a
Relay Site
Determine the
location of the relay
site to be added
Site Data
Add Site
Add Site
OK
Flow chart
2
Flow chart
2 chart 2
Flow
Flow chart 1-(1)
Pre-Planning Routes
Labeling a Link
Labeling a link by default (labeling the site distance only)
Right-click on a link and select Label, and the Label dialog box is displayed. Select
Distance, and deselect Do not draw. Enter the information of the link in the blank of
the dialog box. You can also adjust the font size and position of the characters. After
the process is complete, click OK.
Labeling a link in a customized way (labeling any information on the link)
Right-click on a link and select Label, and the Label dialog box is displayed. Deselect
Do not draw. Enter the information of the link in the blank of the dialog box. You can
also adjust the font size and position of the characters. After the process is complete,
click OK.
Pre-Planning Routes
Labeling a Link by Default (Labeling the Site Distance Only)
Pre-Planning Routes
Labeling a Link in a Customized Way (Labeling Any Information on the Link)
Contents
Overview
Pre-Planning Routes
Outputting the
Information
Outputting
Outputtingthe
the
profile
diagram
profile diagram
between
betweensites
sites
Outputting
Outputtingthe
the
antenna
height
antenna height
and
andsite
sitedistance
distance
Outputting
Outputtingthe
thenetworking
networking
diagram
as
a
PDF
diagram as a PDFdocument
document
Choose Module > Network > Print > Copy from the menu of the Pathloss.
Paste the terrain diagram in the Word and save it in the format of *.doc.
Click on the link whose profile diagram is to be output between two sites, and choose Terrain
Data > Module > Print Profile > Print > Copy from the menu of the Pathloss. Paste the profile
diagram in the Word and save it in the format of *.doc.
220
200
180
E l e v a ti o n ( m )
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
Site38
Latitude
Long itude
Azimuth
Elevation
Antenna CL
20 11 15.36 S
057 43 03.36 E
298.90M
40 m ASL
28.5 m AGL
4
5
Path length (9.11 km)
Frequency (MHz) = 12996.0
K = 1.33, 0.67
%F1 = 100.00, 60.00
9
Site40
Latitude
Long itude
Azimuth
Elevation
Antenna CL
18 07
20 08 52.08 S
057 38 28.68 E
118.93M
170 m ASL
29.8 m AGL