4th Period

OBJECTIVE: Study the characteristics of

Africa from the 1300s to the
Independence Movements to identify the
changes in the history of this continent.
LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Describe the
causes and consequences of the
migration of the Europeans to Africa.

Biblical principle

Behave like a son of God

Galatians 4:7 New King James Version

(NKJV)
7Therefore you are no longer a slave but a
son, and if a son, then an heir of God
through Christ.

VIDEO
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NXC4Q_4J
Vg
How was the life of a slave?
Do you think we have slavery nowadays? Why?
What is the difference living as a son and living
as a slave?
What do you understand from the bible verse
Galatians 4:7?

AFRICA
In the 1300s and 1400s, Europeans
explorers and traders came to Africa and
found that it had great resources.
Soon many Europeans were coming to
Africa with plans to become rich.

THE SLAVE TRADE

At first, Africa was important to Europe for
only one reason: Goods from Africa could be
traded in Asia. Europeans sent ships filled
with clothes and tools along the African
coast and returned to Europe with gold and
ivory.
But in the late 1400s, many Europeans
nations claimed lands in North and South
America. They built large farms there called
plantations.

Sugar cane, cotton, fruits, and coffee grew

on the plantations. Many people were
needed to work there. Soon the Europeans
were traveling to Africa for something
besides gold. They wanted slaves.
Europeans hired slaves catchers to take
people from African villages. These slaves
catchers were usually sailors or Africans
who were paid to capture other Africans for
the slave trade.

The prisoners were crowded onto large

ships. Then they were sent on a long
voyage to America. This journey was
terrible. Many people died during the trip.

RESULT OF THE SLAVE

TRADE
The

slave trade in Africa harmed everyone.

Families were broken apart.
Thousands of people died.
Those who lived found themselves in a
strange land, unable to leave.
Many villages were almost destroyed by the
slave trade.

The slave trade also affected Europeans:

They began to think they were better than
Africans. This kind of thinking led to
racism.
Racism is the belief that people of some
races are better than other races. Racism
has been the cause of many problems in
many countries around the world.

Growth of Imperialism
Many Europeans countries began to follow a
policy called imperialism . Imperialism is
the control of the economy and government
of one country by another.
Reasons fo Imperialism:
Economic: resources (Africa was home to
raw materials such as diamond, gold, iron,
coal, and copper unavailable in Europe),
and markets

 Political

and military: bases for trade,

power, and security.
Social: spread of Christianity and the
western culture.
Science and inventions: weapons,
medicines, ships.

Results of European Imperialism

European

imperialism created ethnic

tensions
Imperialism left countries and their
governments in very bad conditions at
many levels and when europeans left, they
didnt help at all in the reconstruction of
those countries.
Land gained by the Europeans were lost to
the Africans. Territorial demands caused
civil wars.

 The

price to make the materials was less

than distributing them.
Africa became more dependent on an
industrialized economy.
Europe installed their educational system,
causing traditions to be broken.
Europeans nations viewed Africans as
inferior.

INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS
The first African nation to become
independent was Ghana.
Ghanas first leader was Kwame
Nkrumah.
Nkrumah led a movement known as
Self-Government NOW.
Them members of this movement led
boycotts against the European
governments.

During a boycott, people refuse to buy

goods produced by another group or
government. Boycotts can hurt a nations
economy.
Boycotts, helped the people of Ghana win
independence on March 6,1957.
Some African nations didnt win their
independence peacefully. Many people were
killed when Kenya tried to win its freedom
from Great Britain.

One of the leaders of Kenyas independence

movement was Jomo Kenyatta.
In December 1963, Keny became
independent. The people of Kenya chose
Jomo Kenyatta to be the nations first
leader.
Nigeria was another African country that
won its freedom from Great Britain in the
1960s. Today Nigeria has been helped by
the discovery of oil.

The money earned from selling oil helps

Nigerians develop their nation.
Other countries in Africa that have gained
indepenence include Zimbabwe, Zambia,
Mozambique, Burundi, and Eritrea.

Workshop
1. How did Europeans find out about the resources of
Africa?
2. Write the definitions of the following words:
-Plantations:
-Racism:
-Imperialism:
-Boycotts:
3. How did the slave trade start?
4. Write 2 consequences of slave trade for Africans.
5. Write about how some African nations won their
independence.