Professional Documents
Culture Documents
R
HARVESTI
NG
TECHNIQUES OF
RAIN
WATERHARVESTIN
1. STORAGE OF RAINWATER FOR
FUTURE USE G
2. RECHARGE TO GROUND WATER
1. STORAGE
FUTURE USE
OF
RAINWATER
FOR
METHODS OF
RAIN WATER
HARVESTING
1. SURFACE RUNOFF HARVESTING
2.
ROOF
TOP
HARVESTING
RAIN
WATE
1. SURFACE RUNOFF
HARVESTING
urban area rainwater flows away
In
as surface
runoff. This runoff could be caught and used for
recharging aquifers by adopting appropriate
methods.
2. TRANSPORTATION
3. FIRST FLUSH
4. FILTER
1. CATCHMENT
The surface that receives rainfall directly is
the catchment of rainwater harvesting
system.
2. TRANSPORTATION
3. FIRST FLUSH
First flush is a device used to flush off the water
received in first shower. The first shower of rains
needs to be flushed-off to avoid contaminating
storable/rechargeable water by the probable
contaminants of the atmosphere and the catchment
roof. It will also help in cleaning of silt and other
material deposited on roof during dry seasons
Provisions of first rain separator should be made at
outlet of each drainpipe.
4. FILTER
There is always some skepticism regarding Roof
Top Rainwater Harvesting since doubts are raised
that rainwater may contaminate groundwater.
There is remote possibility of this fear coming true
if proper filter mechanism is not adopted. Secondly
all care must be taken to see that underground
sewer drains are not punctured and no leakage is
taking place in close vicinity. Filters are used fro
treatment of water to effectively remove turbidity,
colour and microorganisms
TYPES OF FILTERS
1. SAND GRAVEL FILTER
2.CHARCOAL FILTER
3. PVC-PIPE FILTER
4. SPONGE FILTER
layer
Height
3 inch.
20 mm. jelly
3 inch.
Thick sand
6 inch.
CONSTRUCTION LAYERS
layer
Height of layer
5 foot
1 foot
40 mm jelly
Half foot
20 mm jelly
Half foot
Wooden charcoal
Half foot
2. Nylon mesh
3. Sand layer 1
HDPE net
Clean sand
2 foot
4. Nylon mesh
c. RECHARGE PITS
the dimensions of
the pit may be of 1
to 2 m width and 2
to 3 m deep
d. RECHARGE TRENCHES
f. PERCOLATION TANKS
COMPUTATION OF
ARTIFICIAL RECHARG
FROM ROOF TOP RAIN
Factors taken
for computation
:
WATER
HARVESTING
Roof top area 100 sq. m. for individual house and 500
sq.m. for multi-storied building.
Average annual monsoon rainfall - 780 mm.
Effective annual rainfall contributing to recharge 70% 550 mm.
INDIVIDUAL
HOUSES
MULTISTORIED
BUILDING
100 sq. m.
500 sq. m.
Total quantity
available for recharge
per annum
55 cu. m.
2 75 cu. m.
100 days
500 days