Radiology of maxilo-facial

trauma

Fractures of facial cranial bones

are part of the most numerous of
skeletal diseases. Their number
in the other pathologies of facial
and skull in the total number of
traumas has tendency to
permanent increase. Increases
in so far complication technical
base of human activity,
urbanisation, increasing
considerably the number of
vehicles.

One of the main causes of

increasing traumatism is road
accident, which leads to the
most serious injuries. The
mass base of the affected
population is a young age
and capable of working.
Errors in the treatment of
these patients develop
complications, and most
often is meeted posttraumatic
osteomyelitis, skeletal
deformation and vital organs
disfunction, often related to
diagnostical errors, especially
in radiological diagnosis.

For description convenience is

useful to divide facial skull injuries in
fractures of the superior, middle and
inferior zones.
Injuries of superior zone are
fractures of the walls of frontal sinus
supraorbital fractures.
In the middle zone there are
fractures of the facial skull, located
above oclusional plan of superior
jaw to the upper wall of orbits.
Fractures of the mandible are
located in the inferior zone.
Fractures of the facial skull together
with fractures of the brain skull and
other bones are the group of
associated fractures.

Affected bone structures in

maxilo-facial traumatism.

1. Semiaxial projection
2. Antero-posterior
projection
3. Profile projection

4. Axial projection of the

maxilla
5. Panoramic radiograph
6. CT - scan

mandibular fractures

Reflected
fractures

Fracture in place of direct

action force.

Articular condyle fracture

Mandibular dynamic consolidation

allows to recommend the following for
making a radiogram control:
1.After imobiliztion.
2.After 7 days.
3.follows the intervention with 1.5
.months

Isolated injury of maxilla

Intermaxillary
disjunction

Le Fort 1.

Le Fort 2

Le Fort3

Zigomatico orbital
Compound fracture

Compound fracture of left the

zigomatico-orbit with orbital
compression in the left

zigomatic bone fracture

in right side with intra
orbit fragments
depression.

Compound fracture of zigomatic-orbit with

inferior wall fractue of eye, eye globe, maxilar
sinus compression.

Superior zone fractures includes

supraorbital fracture and walls of frontal
sinuses

Nasal bone injury

Trauma by firearm, combined with the total destruction

of the nasal pyramid, vaults Palatine, perpendicular
Lamella of ethmoid, vomer, sphenoid Sinus, maxillary
sinus, alveolar processes, mandible.