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EDU 103: DEVELOPMENT AND

RESOURCES IN EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY
PRACTICAL:
EDGAR DALES CONE OF
EXPERIENCE
Submitted to,
Mrs. Sreeevidya
Submitted by,
Anagha Jayan
I B.Ed English

EDGAR DALES CONE OF EXPERIENCE


Edgar Dale- known as the father of
modern media in education
Advocated the use of audio-visual aids
in teaching
Introduced cone model in
His book Audio- Visual
Methods in Teaching(1957)
Cone model is used to explain
the hierarchy of experience
through teaching aids

EDGAR DALE DEALS WITH 3 MAIN SOURCES OF EXPERIENCES

Direct sensory contact which involves doing.

Teaching aids or visual aids which involves observing.

Oral and printed materials which involves


symbolizing.

BASIC ASSUMPTIONS OF CONE


MODEL
I.

Involvement of more knowledge senses and work


senses in teaching learning situation may
provide true experiences.

II. The knowledge is provided through true


experience or core experience.
III. The multi senses help in multi sensory
perception.
IV. The learning through multi senses is more
stable and true learning.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF CONE


MODEL
Type of teaching aids:

Still pictures and movies


Projected and non- projected aids
Involvement of senses: Knowledge sense and
Work senses

Teaching effectiveness in the form of


hierarchy

Form of learning experiences: Core

EDGAR DALES CONE MODEL

o
o

o
o

Direct Purposeful Experience:Experience gained through direct contact with the help
of senses.
An ounce of experience is better than a tonne of theory.
Best possible method to teach effectively.
Contrived Experience:Imitation of reality.
Simplification of real object either in size or in
complexity.

Dramatic

Participation:
Representation of real events.
Eg. Puppet show, tableau, pageant, role
play etc
Demonstration:
Performance of certain complicated
processes by the teacher.
Field Trips:
Experience involving observation.
Exhibits and Museums:
Brings outside world into the classroom.

Television:

Brings a dimension beyond the range of motion


pictures.
Brings real events as it actually happens.
Motion Pictures:
An abstract version of real events.
Radio, Recordings and /still pictures:
Provides one way communication and auditory
experience.
Visual Symbols:
Promote a keener interest and a better
understanding of concepts.
Eg. Maps, charts, graphs , diagram etc.

Verbal

Symbols

The word idea or concept expressed here has


no resemblance to the objects for which they
stand.
Spoken word is primary and written word is
secondary.

INTERPRETATION OF DALES CONE OF


EXPERIENCE
Cone classifies sensory aids in terms of greater
or less concreteness and abstractness of learning
experiences.

Lower levels of cone encourage active learning.


Higher levels of cone provide data faster but
need more instructional support.
As we travel up to the cone abstractness
increases.
As we go down the cone concreteness increases.

ADVANTAGES OF EDGAR DALES


MODEL

The various types of teaching aids are included and


explained in relation to the learning experiences.
Teaching aids are analyzed by involvement of senses which
are the gateway of learning.
The multisensory perceptions leads learners to true
experience and true knowledge.
Teaching aids are useful for realizing the cognitive and
psychomotor objectives of learning.
The use of teaching aids increase the teaching and the
learning effectiveness.

REFERENCE
Essentials

of Education Technology

Guidance and Management- R.A. Sharma


Educational

Technology- Vanaja M.

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