Ten Years of Clean Air Act

Implementation

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Environmental Management Bureau

Presentation Outline

Introduction
National Emission Inventory of Sources
of Air Pollution
Ambient Air Quality Status Nationwide
CAA Milestone Outputs

REPUBLIC ACT 8749 Philippine

Clean Air Act of 1999

An Act Providing for a Comprehensive

Air Pollution Control Policy and for Other
Purposes
DENR Administrative Order No. 2000-81
Implementing Rules and Regulations of
the Act

Sources of Air Pollution

1. Stationary

2. Mobile

3. Area

National Emission Inventory, 2006

National Emission Inventory According

to Pollutants 2006

NATIONAL AIR QUALITY

STATUS

National TSP Ambient Air Quality Trend

(2004-2008)

Improving air quality but still needs more efforts to

meet the annual guideline value of 90 ug/Ncm

NCR TSP Ambient Air Quality

Trend (2004-2008)

2004:160
2005: 154

2006: 142
2007:132

2008: 138

EMB AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM

PM10in ug/NCM 2004-2005-2006-2007-2008
160
146
140

129

126

2004

120 113
Concentration
ug/Ncm

2005

100
80
60
40

2006

88

86
75

64

61

55
39

2007

7979

44
37

20
0

Name of Station

Guideline values:150 ug/Ncm (24-hr); 60 ug/Ncm (annual)

2008

PM10 Annual Mean Levels at the PNRI Metro

Manila Sampling Sites 2001 to 2007

Source: PNRI
PM10 annual mean levels are in compliance with the annual National Ambient Air
Guideline Value of 60 ug/Ncm except Valenzuela station in 2006 and are in
general, showing decreasing trends in 2007 compared to 2006

PM 2.5 Annual Mean Levels at the PNRI

Metro Manila Sampling Sites 2001 to 2007

Source: PNRI

All sampling sites although showing a decreasing trend in 2007 compared with 2006
have consistently been in exceedance of the USEPA annual Guideline Value of
15ug/Ncm indicating a need to address fine particulate pollution

EMB-CEBU, CDO, CAR

Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
CY 2003-2008
14

2008

CAR

15

2007

Year
2005

2
4

2003

ug/Ncm -Short Term 180

.)hrs 24(

2004

CEBU

10

2006

CDO

4
5

ug/Ncm- Long Term 80

)annual(

6
10

15

20

25

Concentration (ug/m3)

Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City
Below the National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values

EMB-CEBU,CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Particulate Matter (PM10)
CY 2003-2008
2008
2007

CAR

2006

CDO

CEBU

30

Year
2005
2004
2003
0

41

ug/Ncm -Short Term 150

.)hrs 24(

26

52

19

72

40
20

40

ug/Ncm- Long Term 60

)annual(

88
60

80

100

120

140

160

Concentration (ug/Ncm)

Baguio Station improved by 18% from 2007 to 2008 but still exceeded the
Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
annual Guideline Value of 60 ug/Ncm
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City

EMB-CEBU,CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
CY 2003-2008
2008

2007

2006

15

19

17

18

CAR

CDO

CEBU

Year
2005

2004

2003
0

15

15

13

18

16

74

17
20

ug/Ncm -Short Term 150

.)hrs 24(

75
40

60

80

100

120

Concentration (ug/Ncm)

Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City
Below the 24-hour Guideline Value of 150 ug/Ncm

EMB-CEBU,CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Ozone (O3)
CY 2003-2008
2008

2007

33

2006

32

38

CAR

20

42

2004 4

2003
0

ug/Ncm -Short Term 60

hrs. averaging time 8

37

42

43

13

44
10

20

CEBU

ug/Ncm -Short Term 140

hr. averaging time 1

Year
2005

CDO

30

32
40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Concentration (ug/Ncm)

Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City
Below the Guideline Values

EMB-CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Carbon Monoxide (CO)
CY 2007-2008

CAR

2008

5
ppm -Short Term 30
hr. averaging time 1
ppm -Short Term 9
hrs. averaging time 8

Year

2007

11

10

12

Concentration (ppm)

Below the 1-hr guideline value of 30ppm (2007 & 2008) but exceeded the 8-hr.GV of
9ppm in 2007. Improved from 2007 to 2008
* Cebu City and Cagayan de Oro City Stations CO analyzers out of order

CLEAN AIR ACT

MILESTONE OUTPUTS

Developed the National Air Quality

Improvement Framework & National Air
Quality Control Action Plan. Prescribed in the
DENR Administrative Order No. 2000-82. It sets
emission reduction goals using acceptable standards and
control strategies within a specified time. The framework
shall be adopted as official blueprint to attain and
maintain ambient air quality standards

Designated airsheds throughout the

Philippines. Issued DENR Memorandum Circular

(MC) No. 2002-03 Guidelines for designation of

airshed & MC 2005-13 Guidelines for designation of
Attainment & Non-Attainment Areas.

Designated Airsheds

18 airsheds (13 regular and 5 geothermal

airsheds) have been officially designated,
including the establishment of respective
governing boards.

8. Zamboanga City (Region

Designated AirshedsIX)

9. Cagayan de Oro (Region

1.

Metro Manila Airshed

(NCR, Regions III & IVA)

2.

Northeastern Pangasinan
(Region I)

3.

Metro Tugegarao (Region

II)

4.
5.
6.
7.

Baco, Naujan, Calapan

(Region IVB)
Naga City (Region V)
Metro Iloilo (Region VI)
Metro Cebu (Region VII)

X)

10. Davao City (Region XI)

11. Agusan del Norte-Butuan
City (Region XII)
12. South Cotabato (Region
XIII)

13. BLIST: Baguio, La

Trinidad, Itogon, Sablan,
Tuba (CAR)

Geothermal Airsheds

Southern Negros Geothermal (Region VI)

Bacod-Manito Geothermal (Region VIII)
Leyte Geothermal (Region VIII)
North Cotabato Geothermal (Region XII)
Makiling-Banahaw geothermal (Region
IVA)

Prepared the following documents for the

operationalization of each airshed
Manual of operations (consists of 7 modules
which covers administrative and finance
aspects of the airshed GB operations)
Governing Board Action Plan
Work and Financial Plan
Issues/Concerns: lack of budget, lack of
quorum

Air Quality Management Fund

DENR-DBM Joint Memorandum Circular No. 200401 Implementing Guidelines on Operationalization of
the AQMF.
DENR MC No. 2005-10 Guidelines on the selection of
qualified projects and activities eligible for funding under
the AQMF.
DENR SO # 2004-867 Creates a Special Review
Committee w/in EMB to review project proposals for
eligible funding to the AQMF

AQMF STATUS

Amount deposited in the National TreasurySpecial Account Fund 155 (2002 to March 2009):
Php 229,147,894.30 Million
Amount certified by BTr: Php 61,543,122.67
Amount approved by DBM: Php 60.9 M (SARO
issued in November 2008 and awaiting for NCA)

Established Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Network Nationwide.

TSP Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

37 Manual Stations installed

nationwide
10 stations located in Metro
Manila
27 stations outside Metro
Manila

PM10 Ambient Air Monitoring

4 Manual Stations
installed nationwide
Location
NCR
Sn Fernando City
Cebu City
Davao City

Automatic Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Station (AAQMS)

10 Stations (conventional technology)

Location
National Capital Region (5)
Region 4A (3)
Region 3 (1)
Parameters measured
Criteria Pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, HC,
O3, PM-10 & 2.5)
Meteorological parameters (wind speed &
direction, relative humidity, temperature,
precipitation, etc.)

Automatic Ambient Air Quality

Monitoring Station (AAQMS)

4 Stations (open-path technology)

Location
Cebu City (1)
Baguio City (1)
Cagayan de Oro City (1)
Iloilo City (1)
Parameters measured
Criteria Pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, O3 PM10)
Meteorological parameters (wind speed &
direction, relative humidity, temperature,
precipitation, etc.)

Conducted emission inventory of stationary,

mobile and area sources of pollution.
An ongoing activity, both in Metro Manila and other parts
of the country through the EMB regional offices (latest is
2006).

Management of Mobile Sources

Set, review and/or revise emission standards

for motor vehicles.
Hydrocarbon emission standards for motorcycles
and tricycles have already been set in DENR
Administrative Order (DAO) No. 2003-25
Revised DAO for approval
Emission standards for in-use motor vehicles
have been revised and contained in DAO 200351 and further revised in DAO 2007-27
Adoption of Euro 2/II Type Approval Standards
for new motor vehicles effective Jan.1,2008 thru
DAO 2007-27

Management of Mobile Sources

Issued Certificates of Conformity (COC)

by DENR and Certificate of Compliance to
Emission Standards (CCES) by LTO to
new motor vehicles including motorcycles
and to imported second-hand and rebuilt
vehicles, respectively prior to initial
registration

Conducted emission testing of

motor vehicles prior to registration

Operationalized four (4) Motor Vehicle

Inspection Stations under MVIS Phase I, to
wit:
(1) LTO-East Avenue,
(2) San Fernando, Pampanga;
(3) Las Pinas City; and
(4) Cebu City.

Conducted emission testing of motor

vehicles prior to registration

To augment government efforts, Private

Emission Testing Centers (PETCs)
established, duly authorized and accredited by
the Department of Transportation and
Communication and Department of Trade and
Industry, respectively. Test equipment to be
used to be certified by DENR-EMB
Total PETCs nationwide (2003-2008): 575

Conducted emission testing of motor

vehicles prior to registration

To ensure quality data from PETCs and LTO

Emission Testing Centers, DENR, DOTC, DTI
Joint Administrative Order (JAO) No. 2002-1
was issued and underwent two revisions, JAO
2003-01and JAO 2007- 01 which set
guidelines in monitoring these emission testing
centers.

Status of PETC Monitoring Nationwide

(May 2008- Feb. 2009)

Cancelled : 1 (non-appearance)
Suspended : 9 (operating with expired
MVECT, uploading tampered pictures)
Lifted
: 7 (suspended due to
operating with expired authorization &
MVECT)

Source: DOTC-LTO

Intensified Anti-Smoke Belching

(ASB) Operations

Launched the Smoke-Free EDSA Project (2003)

Supported by government agencies, civil society and some
local government units in Metro Manila, the project aims to
reduce the level of air pollution from particulate matter by 20%
at the end of 2003.

Launched the Linis Hangin Program (2004)

nationwide multi-sectoral campaign to address air pollution. It
aims to reduce pollutants, especially TSP, from all sources to
acceptable levels by 2010

Linis Tambutso (mobile sources)

Linis Tsimineya (stationary sources)
Bantay Sunog Basura (area sources)

Nationwide ASB Apprehensions

(Source: LTO)
Year

No. of Apprehensions

May-Dec. 2000

10,015

Jan. to Dec. 2001

14,070

Jan. to Dec. 2002

50,589

Jan. to Dec. 2003

22,899

Jan. to Dec. 2004

11,442

Jan. to Dec. 2005

15,858

Jan. to Dec. 2006

154,984

Jan. to Dec. 2007

11,556

Jan. to Dec. 2008

21,743

Management of Stationary
Sources

Air Pollution Permits/Clearances. Issued DENR

Administrative Order No. 2004-26 amending the
Rule XIX of DAO 2000-81 which removes the
Authority to Construct requirement and extends the
validity period of Permit to Operate for five years.
Tax Incentives. Issued guidelines to implement the
Tax Incentives provision under Section 13 of CAA as
DENR Administrative Order 2004-53

Management of Stationary
Sources

Accreditation of Third Party Source

Emission Testing Firms thru DAO 200603 & recently revised by DAO 2007-25
14 Firms accredited (17 sampling teams)
Guidelines on the installation of
Continuous Emission Monitoring
Systems (CEMS) thru DAO 2007-22

Management of Stationary
Sources

Imposed fines through the Pollution

Adjudication Board (PAB)

Established the fine rating system for stationary

sources for actual exceedance of any pollution or
air quality standards set under the CAA and its
IRR through PAB Resolution No. 2003-04

Management of Stationary
Sources

Ban on Incineration
Issued DENR MC 2002-05 which clarifies that
any thermal treatment whether burn or non-burn
shall be allowed provided it will meet the
standards for stationary source (in view of a
Supreme Court decision)
Issued DENR-DOST Joint MC No. 01, series of
2006 (Technology Approval to be issued by
DOST)
DENR continues to promote the use of non-burn
technology

Improved Fuel Quality

Phased-out leaded gasoline nationwide in

December 2000
Reduced sulfur content in automotive diesel oil
from .20% to .05% in January 2004
lowered benzene and aromatics content in
gasoline from 4% to 2% and 45% to 35%,
respectively.
Sulfur content for Industrial diesel was set at
0.3%.
Set fuel specifications for Bunker Fuel

Stepped up public information and education

Articles/Fact sheets, brochures, primers and other

materials on clean air were produced
Trainings, seminars and workshops on clean air were
conducted
Breathe for Clean Air Modules for teachers and
students in early high school levels have been produced
Six 10-15 minutes video documentaries on Clean Air
were developed
Smoke Free EDSA Campaign and Linis Hangin
Program were launched
Yearly celebration of Earth Day and Clean Air Month

Released National Air Quality Status Reports

DENR has prepared the 2002 to 2004 National Air
Quality Status Report which summarizes the extent
of air pollution in the country, per type of pollutant
and per type of source. It includes an analysis of the
current situation and identifies trends in air
pollution. It identifies critical areas, activities or
projects which need closer monitoring or
regulation.
2005, 2006 & 2007 NAQSR in its final draft (for
printing)

Thank You and Lets All Act to

Clean the Air!!!

www.emb.gov.ph
426-2332/928-4430 (Air Quality Management
Section-EMB)