Electromagnetic Pollution: A

Practical Observation
Research Work
Executed by:
Tanvir
Singh

Vasishath
Kaushal Centre for Development of Advanced Computing

(CDAC), Mohali
Under the Guidance of:
Mr. Amit Kumar

Dr. Yunfei Liu

Nanjing Forestry University,

Nanjing Forestry University,

Topics of Discussion

What is Electromagnetic
Pollution

Need/Concerns of
Study

Sources of EM
Pollution
Survey
Conducted

Our
Findings

Live demo of
Readings

Technology has given us the boon of

information and content services
where we like.. But we are
forgetting the bad aspects of it.

Please Raise your hands who use the

most exciting application

Readings during
WhatsApp usage
Safer Limit starts from
-3.5.dbm
Imagine !!!
The Difference

Sending/Receiving
of
SMS
using
smartphone application,
WhatsApp*
*Meter is kept at a
distance of 2 cm from
mobile phone

Reading
s
-8.1dBm
-9.2dBm
-8.3dBm
10.2dBm
-9.3dBm

Before 8 seconds of receiving SMS, readings go worse as these applications require

the user to remain online.

What is Electromagnetic Pollution

Communication technologies have advanced manifold

Broadband Speeds are now very common.
But, the electromagnetic waves used by the wireless systems are absorbed by the
human body
So this has created health issues
Mobile Technologies are showing latest advancements with number of additional
features attracting number of users but without realizing about electromagnetic

Need/Concerns
of Study

Our living environment is being swamped with electromagnetic fields that

raise intensity levels and show a wide range of novel characteristics.
We should be aware about the danger of Radiation levels.
There has been a tremendous increase in number of Mobile
Phones users which continues to grow like a hockey stick
curve.

Global Market Share of Various Mobile

Technologies

The Scenario in India

| Source |
Telecom Regulatory of
India

Car
Batteries

Sources of EM
Pollution
Electricity
Lines

Home
Appliances
Metallic
Objects

Mobile
Towers

Computers and
equipment

Survey
Conducted
A survey was conducted among 200+ undergraduate students of 5 Engineering
Colleges in Punjab, India.
A questionnaire was developed and the primary data in the form of Yes/No to these
questions was collected and studied.
Done an analysis of mobile usage habits among college youth
Asked simple questions like do you sleep with mobile near you, usage habits and call
durations

Our Findings using Equipment

Electro Smog Meter
Meter Indications for Various
Readings
-5dbm
-10dbm
CORNET ED-75, Electro smog Meter, RF/LF
15db
Field Strength power meter (100MHzm
6GHz)/ (50Hz-10 KHz)
-20dbm
-25dbm
-30dbm
35db

A Comparative Study of Radiation Levels

Emitted by Samsung and Nokia Cell Phones
Phone
Name
(Samsu
ng)
Galaxy Ace S5830
Galaxy Y S5360
Galaxy Note II
N7100
Galaxy Ace
Advance S6800
Galaxy Ace Plus
S7500
Galaxy Ace Duos

SAR
Valu
e
(W/K
g)

Phone Name
(Nokia)

SAR
Value
(W/Kg)

Nokia 510

0.85

5110

0.69

0.69
0.57
0.23

5510

0.74

6100

0.6

0.61

6210

0.82

7250i

0.6

7260

0.51

0.49
0.43

Nokia vs Samsung Mobile Phone

Model

Nokia X2-00

SAR (US)

1.28 W/Kg

During Call

Dial
Receive

SMS

+0.2 dBm

Distance

2 cm

Model

Galaxy Ace 5830i

SAR (US)
+2.0 to +5.0
dBm
+2.7 to +5.0
dBm

During
Call
SMS

0.69 W/Kg
Dial

-0.5 to +3.0
dBm
Receive
-0.3 to +3.0
dBm
-2.5 dBm

Distance

Samsung Cell Phones are having lesser SAR values and accordingly
radiation level is also less

2 cm

Power radiated
during Bluetooth

Power radiated during

Wi-Fi connecivity

Power radiated during incoming call

(Ringing)

Power radiated during

outgoing call (Ringing)

Power radiated during

incoming call

Power radiated during

outgoing call

Power Control
Mechanism in 2G and 3G
2G (GSM and CDMA) mobile phones operate at higher power level
than 3G Mobile phones. 3G has adaptive power technology in
which step up technique of power control is used.
Maximum power radiated by 3G is 0.125 watts for 5 MHz
bandwidth, on the other hand, GSM phones radiates an
average power of 0.25 and 0.125 watts for 0.2 MHz
bandwidth.

Power radiated by
different technologies
Technology

*
*
*

Reliance 3G
(Dongle)*
Reliance 3G
(Dongle)**
Tata Photon+ EV-DO
(Dongle)
Tata DoCoMo 2G
(Dongle)

Residential Area
Str
ength ]
Industrial
Area

Power (in
dBm)
-40dBm

Distance

-17 dBm

10 cm

-32dBm

10 cm

-5dBm

10 cm

[ Excelent Sg
i nal

[ Poor Signal
Strength ]

10 cm

Key Features of 3G over 2G

Fas
t
Powe
r
3G has
fast
Cont
power
rolcontrol
mechanism
which adjusts
the power in
0.6ms
whereas in
case of 2G,

Sof
t
Ha
nd
3G support
Ov Soft
and Softer
er
Handover which
means UE (User
Equipment) keeps
always one radio
link as frequency
is same in W-

Step
Up
Tech
.
2G uses step down technology in
which mobile starts with
maximum power for several
seconds and step down its
power to such extent so that
call is established. On the other
hand, 3G uses step up
mechanism which means phone

Field Test
Software
Network parameters testing software for any Nokia
Symbian phone.
Provides extensive information about network
parameters viz.
Cell ID, RX Level, TX Level, etc.
Helpful to understand practical concepts of
GSM/UMTS.

Live demo of Readings

WhatsAp
p
Callin
g

Messagi
ng

Mobile
Internet

Don
gle

Recommen
dations

Reduce
Excess
ive
Calling

Avoid do
make
calls at all
places with
low signal

If you are
a
frequent
user,
use
headphone
s.

Bluetoot
h
Headset
s can
be used

Avoid
Keeping
mobile
phones
under your
pillow

Use Text
Messages
when
possible
but in
limit

Special Thanks

Dr. Dilip Kumar

Head, ACSD, Centre for Development of Advanced
Computing (CDAC), Mohali

For giving his Precious Time

Thank
You

XIE-XIE

( In
Chinese )

In order to study more on Electromagnetic Pollution, Visit

www.singhtanvir21
.blogspot.in

Resources: www.s
inghtanvir21.blogspot.in
http://www.scribd.com/
singh_tanvir/documents

Our
Papers
o Various Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Measurement Techniques and
Guidelines for Exposure Limits

o A Study on the Potential Danger of EMF in the Educational Institutions

o A Comparative Study of Radiation Levels Emitted by Samsung and
Nokia Cell Phones
o A Survey on EM Pollution Caused by Indian Youth in the Age Group of 17 to
22 Years
o Electromagnetic Radiation Exposure: A Survey Report
o Effects of Mobile Tower Radiations & Case Studies of different Countries