eAIRS-CAD2Mesh: Integration of CAD and Mesh

Generation for eAIRS

Module Number: 01-01-06-110 & 01-01-06-111
Kyoung-Yun Kim, Ph. D.
Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Co-Director, Product Development and Systems Engineering Consortium
(PDSEC)
Wayne State University
Detroit, MI, USA
Research Assistants: Gukho Gil & Keunho Choi

Agenda
General objective and specific tasks
Existing research and technology
Collaborative virtual prototyping and simulation
& CFD
Selection of CAD kernels/formats
Mesh grid generation processes

CAD model generation

Indexed line extraction
Indexed line set clustering
Mesh point generation

Demonstration: Automatic Mesh Grid

Generation for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
Summary
Future works

General Objective
Develop a CAD integration methodology
for eAIRS and the associated prototype,
called eAIRS-CAD2Mesh.

Specific Tasks
Investigation of available solid modeling
kernels/formats and associated tools
Investigation of methodology to extract
specific geometric entities
Investigation of current simultaneous
design technology, trends, and future
directions
System development
Geometric Feature Extractor (01-01-06-110)
Primitive Surface Grid Generator (01-01-06-111)

Integration of the prototype and e-AIRS

e-AIRS Project
e-AIRS
Clients

user 1

user 2

Computational Analysis Service

Web Portal &
Applications
(100)

CFD Solver

Mesh

eAIRS
Generator
-CAD2Mesh

(eAIRSMesh)

Fortran
Solver

Cactus
Solver

group 1

user n

group 2

Remote Experiment Service

Visualization
(eAIRSView)

Wind
Tunnel

CCD

PIV
Image
Processor

group n

Collaboration
Collaboration Client
Shared
Application

Session
Management

XML / SOAP / HTTP

PSS Service

eAIRSplot
Service

PSS Initialization
Parameter Native Code
Parser
Mapper
Task Scheduler

Task
Dispatcher

Information
Manager

(200)

Security services

e-AIRS
Middleware
Services

View2Tec
Converter
Service

Grid
Information
Service

Core
Middleware
Services
(300)
Resource
(400)
** These parts are e-AIRS Web Service modules

Collaboration Factory Service

RE Execution
Service

RE Log
Service

Visualization
Service

Metadata Management Service

GT- 4
Distributed Resources Pool

Image
View

Session
Control

A/V
Conference

Data
Control

Chat

User Role
Control

AGTK

Existing Research and Technology (1/5)

Concurrent and collaborative
engineering
Internet based design and manufacturing
for fixture design [Wagner et al., IJHCS1997]
Internet and Java-based decision support
system [Cheng & Harrison, IJCIM 2001]
Distributed design system for forged parts
[Boujut et al., CERA 1997]

Existing Research and Technology (2/5)

Network-enabled collaborative product
design

Next-cut [Brown et al., MIT-JSME 1989]

Cyber-cut [Smith and Wright, JMS 1996]
FixtureNet [Wagner et al., IJHCS 1997]
COCADCAM [Kao and Lin, CIMS 1996 & RCIM 1998]
WPDSS [Qiang et al., IJAMT 2001]
DOME [Pahng et al., IEEE ETICE 1998]
NetFeature [Lee et al., IEE CGA 1999]

Existing Research and Technology (3/5)

Recent collaborative design systems

System

Architecture

Platform

Communication

Modeling technique

Developer /
researcher

DICE

Centralized

Motif Compatible
Unix Workstation

Specialized Messaging &

Collaboration (OODMS)

2D/3D parametric
surface/solid modeling

R.D. Sriram, R.
Logcher

Alibre

Centralized

PC Windows

TCP/IP, DirectX DSL, Cable

Modem, TI or faster

2D/3D parametric solid

modeling

http://www.alibre.co
m

Co-Create
(OneSpace.Net)

Centralized

PC Windows

Microsoft.NET

2D/3D Solid Modeling

http://www.cocreate.
com

NetPrise

Centralized

PC Windows

Specialized Messaging /
Collaboration Hub

Solid modeling

http://www.netprise.c
om

Windchill (PTC)

Centralized

PC Windows NT
Unix Workstation

Java RMI, XML

Feature-based modeling,
etc.

Teamcenter (UGS)

Centralized

PC Windows NT
Unix Workstation

Microsoft.NET, J2EE UDDI,

SOAP, XML,
JSP Communication
Service

Parametric, Feature-based
modeling

CollaCAD

Centralized

PC Windows, Intel Linux

Java RMI, Java3D

Surface modeling, solid

modeling

http://www.collabcad
.com

CyberCAD

Centralized

Platform independent

Point-Point Java RMI

Solid modeling

F.E.H. Tay, A. Roy

NetFeature

Centralized

PC Windows

CORBA Communication
Service

Feature-based modeling

J.Y. Lee, H. Kim, S.B.

Han

WebSPIFF

Centralized

PC Windows

Java 3D Socket

Feature-based modeling

R. Bidarra, E. van den

Berg, W.F. Bronsvoort

Cooperative
ARCADE

Decentralized

SGI, HP, SUN Workstation

Specialized Workstation
Network

Solid modeling

A. Stork, U. Jansnoch

CSCW-FeatureM

Decentralized

Motif Compatible
Unix Workstation

CORBA Communication
Service

Feature-based modeling

A. Stork, U.V. Lukas,

R. Schults

TOBACO

Decentralized

Solaris IRIX, Windows NT

CORBA Communication
Service

Solid/Feature modeling

U.V. Lukas

DOME

Decentralized

Platform independent

CORBA Communication
Service

Module modeling

Existing Research and Technology (4/5)

e-Product design and realization
Service oriented collaborative product
design
Service triangle relationship [Nnaji et al., IIE
Trans, under review]

Client, service manager, and service provider

Dynamic relationship

NSF Center for e-Design

Existing Research and Technology (5/5)

Collaborative Virtual Prototyping and
Simulation
Selective disassembly analysis

[Srinivasan et al.
RCIM 1999 & Shyamsundar et al., EDA 1998]

Distributed gear optimization [Su and Amin, IJCIM

2001]

Ontological analysis modeling

ASME DETC 2001]

[Shanbhag et al.,

Agent based CFD integration [Gee, ASME DETC

2001]

Distributed CFD simulation [Goratchev et al.,

ASME DETC 2001]

CAD-centered approach to integrate mesh

generation and CFD setup [King et al. CAD06]
Software specific research: FIPER and Teamcenter
Eng.

Collaborative Virtual Prototyping and Simulation

& CFD (1/2)
Integrated environment that various
stakeholders can participate in a
collaborative manner and related
processes can access proper set of
information for particular need for
simulation [Kim et al., IERC 2004 & NDIA SEC 2003]
Focus on information, not model setup and
building
pushing vs. pull information
The course of the virtual prototyping and simulation
processes may be guided by the use of, and the
need for information.

Collaborative Virtual Prototyping and Simulation

& CFD (2/2)
Complete integration of CAD, mesh, and analysis
information is prerequisite
Major bottleneck processes

access to CAD, mesh generation, and computational time

[Aftosmis et al. AIAA 1999 & Dawes et al., ASME JTM 2001].
Surface discretization has been one of the least automated steps
in the numerical simulation cycle.

In this research
A pre-processor to implement automatic
mesh generation for CAD is developed.
The first (but core) step to fully
integrate the CAD-mesh-analysis cycle
and to eventually realize CVPS for CAD
is tackled.

Selection of CAD Kernels/Formats

Requirements
Extendibility (attribute imposition)
Interoperability with proprietary CAD
formats
Internet-enabled (Java, SOAP, etc.)
Extendibility

Interoperability

Internet-enabled

Yes
(XML)

Yes
(VRML, w3C
Recommended)

Yes
(Web 3D)

No

Yes

Yes

ACIS/HOOPS

No

Yes

Neutral

Open CASCADE

No

Yes

Neutral

Xj3D
Java3D

X3D
Royalty-free open standards file format and
run-time architecture to represent and
communicate 3D scenes and objects using
XML
ISO ratified standard
Can tailored for use in engineering and
scientific visualization, CAD and architecture,
medical visualization, training and simulation,
multimedia, entertainment, education, and
more.
Next generation of Virtual Reality Modeling
Language (VRML)

Overall Architecture

Product Property
Library
(e.g., Guideline,
Profile, Geometric Feature,
etc.)

CAD Model
(e.g., Catia, UG,
ProE, etc.)

Mesh Grid
Extraction
Engine

Mesh Generator

CFD Setup
Engine

CFD Solver

Virtual Model
Generation
Engine

X3D/VRML
Translator

Automatic Mesh Grid Generation Process

CAD Model
Generation

Indexed Line Extraction

& Tangent Vector Calculation

Indexed Line Set Clustering

Mesh Point Generation

Data Structure
pij
CPoints

li : line number
pij : point number

li
Vector

l1

CPoints

l2

p11

SET (li)
Vector

p21
CPoints

l0

p30
p31

Vector

CPoints

p01

p34

l3

Indexed Line Extraction

Tridiagonal matrix solution [Spath 1974]
START

Case 1

Read Point
p1

N >= 3
Y
Case 1

p2

p3

p0

Case 2
Case 2

Calculate vector

END

p0

p1

N : Number of points in a line

Tridiagonal Matrix for Calculating Middle Tangent

[Spath 1974]
t0

Pn 1

P1

P0

Pn

P2

Given p0 to pn, t0, tn

Calculate : t1 to tn-1

AX B,

1 0 0 0
1 4 1 0

0 1 4 1

XA B

1 4 1
0 0 1

t
t

0
0
t 3 P P
2
0
1
t 2 3 P3 P1

.
.

.
.

3
P

P
n 1
n
n2

t
tn
n

tn

Examples of Indexed Line Extraction

Pseudo-code of Indexed Line Clustering (1/2)

Input : Set of all lines when we unknown information about surfaces
Output : Set of line numbers that are included by one surface

Void findSurface(Vector vi)

{
FOR i= 0 to T
SET recursiveNum to 0
SET p0 to start point of current line
SET p1 to end point of current line
IF p0 = p1 THEN
SAVE current line
END IF
ELSE
CALL recursiveFunction with i, p0, p1, recursiveNum RETURNIN
IF status !=0 THEN
SAVE set of line
END IF
ELSE
BREAK
END ELSE
END ELSE
END FOR
}

Pseudo-code of Indexed Line Clustering (2/2)

int recursiveFunction(int i, CPoints p0, CPoints p1, recursiveNum)
{
CALL seekMatchLine with p0, all lines except ith line RETURNING all lij
IF lij is available THEN

FOR j=0 to Tj
SET p00 to first end point;
SET p11 to second end point;
IF p00==p1 THEN
SAVE line number;
RETURN recursiveNum ++;
END IF
ELSE IF p11==p1 THEN
SAVE line number;
RETURN recursiveNum ++;
END ELSE IF
ELSE
SET recursiveNum++;
CALL recursiveFunction with i, p0, p1, recursiveNum RETURNI
IF status !=0 THEN
SAVE set of line
END IF
ELSE
BREAK
END ELSE
END ELSE
END FOR
END IF
}

Mesh Point Generation

Ferguson curve fitting
t0

u=ratio between P0 and P1

t1

P1

r u
P1

P0

r u UA UCS

0 u 1

with

0
0
0
1
0

0
1
0
,
C
3 3 2 1

1
2 2 1

where

P0
P
S 1 .
t0

t1

r (u ) (UC ) S 1 3u 2 2u 3 P0 3u 2 2u 3 P1 u 2u 2 u 3 t0 u 2 u 3 t1

p1' . X 1 3u 2 2u 3 P0 . X 3u 2 2u 3 P1. X u 2u 2 u 3 t 0 . X u 2 u 3 t1. X

p .Z 1 3u

2u P .Z 3u

2u P .Z u 2u

u t .Z u

p1' .Y 1 3u 2 2u 3 P0 .Y 3u 2 2u 3 P1.Y u 2u 2 u 3 t0 .Y u 2 u 3 t1.Y

'
1

u 3 t1.Z

Demonstration:
Automatic Mesh Grid Generation for
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

25

User Interface of eAIRS-CAD2Mesh

1

Solid Model of Smart UAV

CAD File Retrieval

Loaded Solid Model

Extracted Indexed Lines

Result File & Clustered Line Sets

===========surface num : 1 the number of lines : 4===========
The number of Lines & Vectors : 1
3415.0
260.0
1246.51 | 0.0
0.019053983
-17.860655
3415.0
259.844
1228.65 | 0.0
-0.3064077
-27.023987
3415.0
259.379
1211.89 | 0.0
-0.61832184
-13.624699

The number of Lines & Vectors : 2

4655.0
43.0
1355.0 | -0.9813926
3415.0
260.0
1246.51 | 0.9813926
The number of Lines & Vectors : 3
4655.0
18.4258
1265.79 | -91.65027
4563.35
24.9434
1246.65 | -132.56766

The number of Lines & Vectors : 4

4655.0
43.0
1355.0 | -0.0
4655.0
42.8182
1346.33 | 0.0

0.1717437
-0.1717437

-0.08586393
0.08586393

6.5134234
9.405039

-19.139708
-27.684362

-0.0016906798
-0.3659332

-8.671949
-13.359312

===========surface num : 2 the number of lines : 4===========

The number of Lines & Vectors : 1
3415.0
260.0
1246.51 | 0.0
0.019053983
-17.860655
3415.0
259.844
1228.65 | 0.0
-0.3064077
-27.023987
3415.0
259.379
1211.89 | 0.0
-0.61832184
-13.624699

The number of Lines & Vectors : 2

3415.0
260.0
1246.51 | -68.671234
3346.28
271.863
1240.75 | -100.48457

The number of Lines & Vectors : 3

3415.0
125.0
1006.85 | -94.20955
3320.76
125.0
986.134 | -119.36847

The number of Lines & Vectors : 4

3059.1
125.0
930.133 | -0.38576713
3058.67
138.565
931.738 | -0.6723366
3058.17
151.633
933.598 | -0.48694813

12.029276
17.338985

-5.9917707
-8.404466

0.0
0.0

-20.854006
-26.242046

13.584612
20.624186
10.986853

1.4421583
2.5049882
1.8172863

===========surface num : 3 the number of lines : 2===========

The number of Lines & Vectors : 1
3415.0
260.0
1246.51 | 0.0
0.019053983
-17.860655

Mesh Point Generation

Summary
Research on existing systems and
technologies related to eAIRS
Initial prototype of CAD centered CVPS
for CFD
Prototype of eAIRS-CAD2Mesh

Future works
X3D based virtual product model
Selective information sharing and
ontological interoperability
Context awareness to generate
appropriate grid point (considering
geometric and topological
characteristics)

Thank You!
Questions?