Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Water Quantity
Maximum daily demand (A) = 1.8 x average daily demand
A will be the design value for the raw water pumping station and water treatment plant
Peak hourly demand (B) = 3 x average daily demand
B will be used to design the water distribution network
Storage
Fire Demand (in m3) = 100. P
P = domestic population (in thousands)
Storage Capacity = (B-A).(S) + Fire Demand
S = Storage time, days
Anthropogenic Impacts
Fecal contamination of surface water results in the addition of organic matter
(responsible for color, odor etc.) and bacteria/viruses. Surface runoff may add
nitrates, pesticides etc,. To surface water.
Dissolved contaminants such as nitrates, pesticides, other synthetic organic
compounds, cations/anions, fecal organic matter etc. are added to ground water (only
the top aquifer) due to anthropogenic impacts.
Natural Origin
Sand, Silt and Clay
Natural Organic Matter (NOM)
Natural Origin
Dissolved Cations and Anions
Anthropogenic Origin
Fecal organic matter
Bacteria, viruses