pH

pH &
& ELEKTROLIT
ELEKTROLIT
TUBUH
TUBUH

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Kuliah Biokimia Dasar Minggu II

Lab. Biokimia Nutrisi

Asam & Basa

11/30/15

Kuliah Biokimia Dasar Minggu II

Lab. Biokimia Nutrisi

Asam & Basa

J.
J. Bronsted
Bronsted &
& T.
T. Lowry
Lowry
(1923)
(1923)

Asam : senyawa yg dapat

memberikan proton (H+)
Basa :senyawa yg dapat
menerima proton (H+)

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Lab. Biokimia Nutrisi

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SOME EXPAMPLES OF ACIDS AND

BASES
ACID

CONJUGATE BASE

CH3COOH

H + + CH3COO -

NH4+

H + + NH3

H2CO3

H + + HCO3 -

HCO3 -

H + + CO3 - -

H2O

H + + OH -

H3O +

H + + H2O

HCL

H + + CL 11/30/15

Kuliah Biokimia Dasar Minggu II

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Asam
Asam kuat
kuat

Terdisosiasi
Dihasilkan
HCl,

sempurna dlm air

basa konjugat lemah

H2SO4, HNO3

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Kuliah Biokimia Dasar Minggu II

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Basa
Basa
kuat
kuat
Terdisosiasi
Dihasilkan

lemah

NaOH,

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sempurna dlm air

asam konjugat

KOH

Kuliah Biokimia Dasar Minggu II

Lab. Biokimia Nutrisi

Asam & Basa Kuat

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Kuliah Biokimia Dasar Minggu II

Lab. Biokimia Nutrisi

Asam & Basa Lemah

Terdisosiasi partial

Dihasilkan basa/asam
konjugat kuat

Sesuai sbg buffer

Berperan dlm metabolisme

& pengaturannya

CH3COOH, H2CO3, HCO3,

NH4+

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DISSOCIATION
DISSOCIATION OF
OF ACIDS
ACIDS

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[H+] = Ka [HA]/[A-]
- Log10 [H+]= - log10 Ka + -log10 [HA]/[A-]
pH = pKa + log10 [A-]/[HA]

pH= pKa +log10 [conjugate base]/

[Acid]

pKa is the pH at which the

concentration of the acid and its
conjugate base are equal or the pH at
which the acid is half titrated.
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Henderson-Hasselbach Equation

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MEASUREMENT OF pH

1. pH meter

2. pH indicators

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INDIKATOR pH
INDIKATOR

pH

Warna

METHYL
YELLOW

2.9- 3.3 4.0

Red- yellow

METHYL
ORANGE

3.1 - 3.7 4.4

Red orange

BROMO
CRESOL
GREEN

3.9 - 4.7 5.5

Yellow blue

METHYL RED

4.3 -5.0 6.1

Red- yellow

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llee
a
SScca
ppHH

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Kurve titrasi pH utk asam lemah

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Mechanism
Mechanism of
of pH
pH Buffering
Buffering by
by weak
weak
Acids
Acids &
& Bases
Bases

BUFFER SOLUTION IS ONE THAT

RESISTS pH CHANGES ON THE
ADDITION OF ACID OR ALKALI.
THE pH OF a BUFFER SOLUTION
DEPENDS ON : the pKa value and the
ratio of salt to acid.

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BUFFER
CH3COOH + CH3C00 + Na

Penambahan
Basa OH

penambahan
H+
asam

CH3COOH + H2O
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CH3COOH
21

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Bufferin
Bufferin
gg
capacity
capacity

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 The three main buffer systems in living

material are :
Protein : amino acids
weak
acids/bases.
Bicarbonate: pKa 6.1, buffering
capacity around pH 7.4 is poor
Phosphate : pKa : 6.86, buffering
capacity above pH 7.5 is poor.
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BUFFER SYSTEMS IN THE ANIMAL BODY

pH of the blood of higher animals is maintained
arround 7.4
Production of CO2 amount to 10-20moles/day in
adult human
CO2 formed in the cells is enzymatically
hydrated to form H2CO3, which then dissociated
to a proton and bicarbonate anion.
The increase in H+ is buffered by ionizable
groups of proteins mainly erythrocyte
hemoglobin
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 After it is transported to the lungs,

hemoglobin is converted to
oxyhemoglobin
Oxyhemoglobin is a stronger acid than
Hb, so that protons which were picked
up in the cells are dissociated from the
protein.
The increase in H+ then shifts the
bicarbonate equilibrium back to H 2CO3
and then to CO2 and it is expired.
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 Acetate buffers consisting of a mixture of acetic

acid and sodium acetate
CH3COOH
CH3COO- + H+
CH3COONa

CH3COO-+ Na+

since acetic acid is only weakly dissociated, the

concentration of acetic acid is almost the same
as the amount put in the mixture
The concentration of acetate ion can be
considered to be the same as the concentration
of sodium acetate placed in the mixture since
the salt is completely dissociated.
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contoh
A SOLUTION CONTAINS 0.05 M
SODIUM ACETATE AND 0.1M ACETIC
ACID (pKa = 4.73),
THE EXPRESSION
pH = 4.73 + log 0.05/0.1
= 4.73 + log 0.5
= 4.73-0.30 = 4.43
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 What is the pH of a mixture of 5 ml of 0.1

mol/litre sodium acetate and 4ml of 0.1 mol/litre
acetic acids?
Concentration of CH3COO- =5/9 x 0.1 mol/l
Concentration of CH3COOH=4/9 x 0.1 mol/l
pKa of acetic acid at 250C= 4.76
Therefore,
pH= 4.76+ log5/4
pH= 4.76+(+ 0.097)
pH= 4.86
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How is the pH changed on adding 1ml of 0.1

mol/l HCL to the above mixture?
Addition of HCl
provide H+ which combines with the
acetate ion to give acetic acid. This
reduces the amount of acetate ion present
and increases the quantity of
undissociated acetic acid, leading to an
alteration in the salt/acid ratio and hence
to change in pH
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 Concentration of CH3COO= (5/10 x 0.1) - 1/10 x 0.1= 0.04 mol/l

Concentration of CH3COOH
= (4/9 x 0.1 ) + 1/10x0.1 = 0.05 mol/l
pKa of acetic acid at 250C= 4.76
Therefore,
pH= 4.76+ log 0.04/0.05
pH= 4.76 + ( - 0.097)
pH= 4.66
a change of pH only 0.2.
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SELAMAT BELAJAR
Sampai jumpa minggu depan
dengan acara KARBOHIDRAT

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