Eigen Values

WHAT ARE EIGEN

VALUES?

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Are a special set of scalars
associated with alinear system of
equations(i.e., amatrix equation).

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
They are sometimes also known as
characteristic roots, characteristic values

(Hoffman and Kunze 1971)

proper values, or latent roots (Marcus and

Minc 1988, p.144).

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values

HOW TO DETERMINE
THE EIGEN VALUES?

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Letting

A be a kxk square matrix

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
With

eigenvalue , then the

corresponding eigenvectors satisfy

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
With

is equivalent to the

homogenous system

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Equation

can be written compactly

as

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values

Where

I is the identity matrix. As shown

in Cramers rule, a linear system of

equations has nontrivial solutions if the
determinant vanishes, so the solutions
of the equation is given by

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values

This equation is known as the

characteristic equation of A, and the
left hand side is known as the
characteristic polynomial.
Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values

EXAMPLES?

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Find

the eigenvalues of the given

matrix

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Find

the eigenvalues of the given

matrix

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics

Eigen Values
Solution:

Technological University of the Philippines Advance Mathematics Electronics