Professional Documents
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Introduction
Eng.RamiA.Ahmad
TechnicalDrawingwithEngineeringGraphics,14/e
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TechnicalDrawingwithEngineeringGraphics,14/e
Giesecke,Hill,Spencer,Dygdon,Novak,Lockhart,Goodman
2012,2009,2003,PearsonHigherEducation,
UpperSaddleRiver,NJ07458.AllRightsReserved.
TechnicalDrawingwithEngineeringGraphics,14/e
Giesecke,Hill,Spencer,Dygdon,Novak,Lockhart,Goodman
2012,2009,2003,PearsonHigherEducation,
UpperSaddleRiver,NJ07458.AllRightsReserved.
BytheEndofthissemesteryouwill
beabletodemonstrateyourskillsin:
BasicsofengineeringGraphicstheory.
UsingAutoCAD(2D)
Workshopbasicskills.
TechnicalDrawingwithEngineeringGraphics,14/e
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Learning Outcomes:
Upon completion of the course, students will be able
to:
- Make use of basic hand tools.
- Operate simple machines.
- Use measurement equipment and instrumentation
- Undertake responsibility and time management
- Communicate effectively (Effective and creative
slides,
Clarity of figures, charts, and schematic diagrams,
Excellent
use of animation, Clear and readable font size and
style)
- Use computer software and CAD packages to
represent
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simple machine parts 6
TechnicalDrawingwithEngineeringGraphics,14/e
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Follow
Safety Rules
Communication
devices
Academic
Dishonesty
THEWORLDWIDE
GRAPHICLANGUAGE
FORDESIGN
WhyDoweNeedEngineeringDrawing?
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ADRAWINGisagraphicrepresentationofarealthing,an
idea,oraproposeddesignforlatermanufactureor
construction.
Twotypesofdrawing:(1)Artistic,and(2)Technical
Engineersmustunderstandthefundamentalprinciples(the
grammar) of the drawing language and be able to execute
theworkwithreasonableskill.
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Youneedtolearnthelanguage
EngineeringGraphics
Definition:Theuseofdrawingsintheengineeringdesign
processbasedonasystemofwellestablishedrulesand
conventionsthatclearlyconveysinformationaboutan
object
Imaginetryingtodescribeasimplephysicalobjectthat
youhaveneverseenwithoutbeingabletodrawit
Standardconventions(likevocabularyinlanguage)allow
ustocommunicatemoreeffectivelyandwithclarity
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UNDERSTANDINGTHE
ROLEOFTECHNICALDRAWINGS
Technical drawings serve one of three
purposes:
Visualization
Communication
Documentation
(Courtesy of Seymourpowell.)
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Concept Sketches
Exploring many design
options through quick
sketches
(Courtesy of Lunar Design.)
(Courtesy of Seymourpowell.)
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ComputerAidedDesign
andProductDevelopment
Computer Aided Design (CAD)
Computer Aided Engineering
(CAE)
Computer Aided Manufacturing
(CAM)
CAD allows for a range of activities,
from modeling 2D and 3D geometry
to creating drawings that document
the design for manufacturing and
legal considerations.
CAE allows users to simulate and analyze
structures that will be subject to various
temperatures, static loads, or fluctuating loads.
CAM provides computerized control for manufacturing processes.
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COMPUTERAIDED
MANUFACTURING
It is the application of Computer system in
Manufacturing environment.
This results in achieving higher productivity
High Accuracy
High Reliability of Process
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COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
(CNC) COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL & Machining Centers
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COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
(CAM) ROBOTICS
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COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
(CAM) ROBOTICS
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ENGINEERINGDESIGNSTAGE1
Identify the Customer and the
Problem
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ENGINEERINGDESIGNSTAGE2
Generate Concepts
During this stage, often called the ideation stage, many ideas
reasonable and otherwiseare collected.
The ability to freely create
technical sketches lets you
present and share ideas
and record them so you
can refer to solutions,
inspirations, and
breakthroughs that come
to light during this creative
stage of the process.
(Courtesy of Seymourpowell.)
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ENGINEERINGDESIGNSTAGE3
Compromise Solutions
24
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ENGINEERINGDESIGNSTAGE4
Models and Prototypes
Design teams often
construct a model to
scale to study,
analyze,
and refine a design.
3D CAD Model. This 3D CAD model of a design for the Mars rover was
constructed to act as a virtual prototype for the design. (Courtesy of
Byron Johns.)
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RapidPrototyping
Rapid prototyping systems allow designers to generate
parts quickly, directly from 3D models, for mockup and
testing.
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ENGINEERINGDESIGNSTAGE5
Production or Working
Drawings
The drawings, showing
the necessary views,
include the material,
dimensions, required
tolerances, notes, and
other information
needed to describe
each part sufficiently
for it to be
manufactured
consistently. These
drawings of the
individual parts are also
known as detail
drawings.
Detail Drawing for the SAAR Brake Air Can Mounting
Bracket.
(Courtesy of Dynojet Research, Inc.)
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AssemblyDrawings
An assembly drawing, shows how all the parts go
together in the complete product.
Assembly Drawing for the SAAR Brake. (Courtesy of Dynojet Research, Inc.)
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DRAFTINGSTANDARDS
There are standards that support a uniform, effective graphic
language for use in industry, manufacturing, engineering, and
science.
In the United States, providing
these standards has been the work of
the American National Standards
Institute (ANSI) with the American
Society for Engineering Education
(ASEE), the Society of Automotive
Engineers (SAE), and the American
Society of Mechanical Engineers
(ASME).
International standards, often
defined by the International
Organization for Standardization
(IOS), and the ASME or ANSI standards
for drawing practices are similar in
many respects.
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Drafting Equipment
45
30/60
Triangles
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Drafting Equipment
Adjustable Triangle
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Drafting Equipment
Half-Circle
Full-Circle
Protractors
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SCALES
Scales are measuring
tools used to quickly
enlarge or reduce
Drawing
measurements.
Types of Scales
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Drafting Equipment
Drop Bow
Bow
Compasses
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Drafting Equipment
Beam
Compasses
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StyleofPencil
You might be surprised how much your drawings benefit from finding a style
of pencil that suits your use. Soft pencils, such as HB or F, are mainly used in
freehand sketching.
Choose a pencil that:
Is soft enough to produce clear black lines, but hard enough not to
smudge too easily.
Is not so soft that the point breaks
easily.
Feels comfortable in your hand.
Grips the lead without slipping.
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Drafting Equipment
Erasers
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Drafting Equipment
Erasing Machine
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Drafting Equipment
Erasing Shield
Drafters Brush
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Drafting Equipment
Templates
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Drafting Equipment
Irregular Curves
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SKETCHINGANDDRAWINGMEDIA
Many choices of media (paper and other) are available for
particular
sketching or drawing purposes. Whether you are sketching or are
plotting a drawing from a CAD workstation, choose the type of
sheet and size that suits your needs.
Small notebooks or sketch
pads are useful when working
at a site or when it is
necessary to quickly record
information.
Graph paper can be helpful
in making neat sketches
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TypicalSheetSizesandBorders
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TitleBlock
The title block is located in the lower right corner of the
format. Standard areas in the title block provide the
information as shown below.
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PLANNINGYOURDRAWINGOR
SKETCH
When laying out a drawing sheet,
you will
need to consider:
the size and scale of the object you will
show
the sheet size
the measurement system (units) for the
drawing
The
object
you
are drawing
is the star
of the sketch. Keep the
the
space
necessary
for standard
notes
object
the center of the sheet. It should be boldly drawn,
and near
title block.
using
thick visible lines. Make it large enough to fill most of the sheet
and so that details show clearly
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