Types Of

Addresses

1. IP Addresses
2. MAC Addresses

IP (Internet Protocol)

What Is IP (Internet
Protocol) ?

Any protocol that is the part of the

TCP/IP protocol stack.

It is also the network protocol.

IP provides features for addressing.

IP Addresses

IP Addresses assigned to hosts using

the TCP/IP suite of protocols

IP addresses are of 32-bits

IP addresses have two portions
A . Network Portion
B . Host Portion

Example
042-7706570

042

is network portion and it remains same throughout the network.

7706570

is host portion and it varies from host to host.

Range Of Decimal Values

An IP address is expressed as Four decimal values in the range of

0 to 255

Dotted Decimal Notations

These decimal values each represents Eight bits of the 32-bits
address, known as an OCTET. This is called Dotted Decimal
Notation.

Example
155.127.231.124

Classification
Of
IP Addresses

Class

Range

Uses

Network Host
Portion Portion

Class A

1-126

Data
Communication

8-bits

24-bits

Class B

128-191

Data
Communication

16-bits

16-bits

Class C

192-223

Data
Communication

24-bits

8-bits

Class D

224-239

Multi

Class E

240-255

Research and
Testing

Casting

Note :

Value 127 is not in any class it is reserved for Loop Back Testing
It is used for checking of TCP/IP Stack on PC

How it is Standard Minimum Value is 0

and Maximum Value is 255
128
1

64

32

16

OFF Bits
ON Bits

Adding all Decimal Values when all bits OFF Minimum Value is 0

Adding all Decimal Values when all bits ON Maximum Value is 255

IP 124.192.135.159/8

Network Portion = 8-Bits

Host Portion
= 24-Bits

Network Portion

Host Portion

Host Portion

Host Portion

1st Octet

2nd Octet

3rd Octet

4th Octet

IP Address

124

192

135

159

Binary

01111100

11000000

10000111

10011111

Subnet mask

255

00000000

00000000

00000000

Binary

11111111

00000000

00000000

00000000

Network ID

124

192

00000000

00000000

Binary

01111100

11000000

00000000

00000000

IP Address

124.192.135.159

Subnet Mask

255.0.0.0

Network ID

124.0.0.0

IP 189.200.191.239/16

Network Portion = 16-Bits

Host Portion
= 16-Bits

Network Portion

Host Portion

Host Portion

Host Portion

1st Octet

2nd Octet

3rd Octet

4th Octet

IP Address

189

200

191

239

Binary

10111101

11001000

10111111

11101111

Subnet mask

255

255

00000000

0000000

Binary

11111111

11111111

00000000

00000000

Network ID

189

200

00000000

00000000

Binary

10111101

11001000

10111111

11101111

IP Address

189.200.191.239

Subnet Mask

255.255.0.0

Network ID

189.200.0.0

IP 193.220.164.223/24

Network Portion = 24-Bits

Host Portion
= 8-Bits

Network Portion

Host Portion

Host Portion

Host Portion

1st Octet

2nd Octet

3rd Octet

4th Octet

IP Address

193

220

164

223

Binary

11000001

11011100

10100100

11011111

Subnet mask

255

255

255

00000000

Binary

11111111

11111111

11111111

00000000

Network ID

193

220

164

00000000

Binary

11000001

11011100

10100100

11011111

IP Address

193.220.164.223

Subnet Mask

255.255.255.0

Network ID

193.220.164.0

IP ADDRESSES
SUBNET MASK
NETWORK ADRESSES

Q: When Two Computers are connected then Communication

Occurred ?

No Communication Occurred

We Should have to follow some rule and regulations

Q : When IP addresses are of same Class and Network ID

are same then will Communication Start ?

Communication Will Start

Class A
IP Address

5.1.1.1

Class A

IP Address

5.1.1.2

Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0

Subnet Mask

255.0.0.0

Network ID

Network ID

5.0.0.0

5.0.0.0

Communication will be occurred when IP are of same Classes

and their Network ID are Same of both computers

Q: When IP addresses are of same Class but Network ID are

Different will Communication Start ?

Class A
IP Address

No Communication will Start

6.1.1.1

Class A

IP Address

5.1.1.2

Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0

Subnet Mask

255.0.0.0

Network ID

Network ID

5.0.0.0

6.0.0.0

Because
When ever Two Computers are connected Back to Back and their
Network ID are not same Communication will not be occurred
even IP are of same Classes.

Then How Different Networks

Communicate

Routers
are Used To Communicate
Different Networks

Now Communication will Start

Class B

Class A
IP Address

6.1.1.1

IP Address

5.1.1.2

Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0

Subnet Mask

255.0.0.0

Network ID

Network ID

5.0.0.0

6.0.0.0

Because
Communication will because ROUTER are used to Communicate
Different Networks