4TH

(R & D)
RESEARCH &
Group:
1.
Arif Mutaqin
DEVELOPMENT
(15501247006)
METHOD
2. Taufik Adhi N
(15501247008)
3. Fuady Rahman
(15502247004)
4. Hanni Prameswari E
(15502247006)

What is R & D research

method ?
Research & Development is a research activity which
started
research and
then followed
withwhich
Research
& by
Development
is a research
activity
development.
started by research
and then followed with
development.
According to Borg and Gall (1989:782), educational
researchto
and
development
is a process
used to
According
Borg
and Gall (1989:782),
educational
develop
and
validate educational
product.
research
and
development
is a process
used to
develop and validate educational product.
The product is not always only in form of physics
things
or hardware,
as only
books,
modules,
learning
The product
is not such
always
in form
of physics
media in
or laboratory,
alsomodules,
can be inlearning
form of
things
orclass
hardware,
such as but
books,
software,
as computer
program
for in
data
media
in classsuch
or laboratory,
but also
can be
form of
processing,
learning
in
class,
or
education
models,
software, such as computer program for data
training,
evaluation,
andormanagement.
processing,
learning
in class,
education models,
training, evaluation, and management.

Quality of Products

Valid: appropriate with

aracteristics of product quality
the theory that relevant with
products.
Practical: can be used easily for
common user.
Effective: better than products
that already exist before the
research started.

10 Steps of R & D method

according to Borg and Gall
Research and information collecting

Prelimin
ary
feld tes
ting

Steps of R & D method according to Borg and

Gall
Includes defining skills,
Conducted in from 1 to 3 schools,
stating objectives,
using 6 to 12 subjects.
Research
and
information
collecting
determining course
Interviews, observational and
sequence, and small scale
questionnaire data are collected
feasibility testing
and analyzed

Includes review of
literature studies,
classroom
observations, and
preparation of reports

Includes preparation
of instructional
materials,
handbooks, and
evaluation devices

Revision of product
as suggested by
the preliminary
field-test result

Steps of R & D method according to Borg and

Gall
revison
product
as
Main of
feld
testing
suggested by main
field-test results

Results are evaluated

with respect to
course objectives
and compared with
control group data,
when appropriate

Revision of
product as
suggested by
operational fieldtest results

Conducted in 10 to 30
schools involving 40 to
200 subjecs. Interview,
observational and
questionare data are
collected and analyzed

Report on
product at
professional
meetings and in
journal

Work with publisher

who assumes
commercial
publication. Monitor
distribution to
provide quality

Models of development
4D MODEL
Define
Design
Develop
Disseminate

Models of development
ADDIE MODEL
Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation

Models of development

MODEL ASSURE
Analyze Learners
State the objectives
Select methods, media, and
material
Utilize Media and Materials
Require Learner Participation
Evaluate and Review

Models of development
KEMP MODEL
Determine the general purpose and
the list of topics.
Analyze the characteristics of
learner/student.
Define the purpose of studies that will
be reached, the impact can be used
for benchmark for student.
Define the content of subject matter
that can support every purpose.
Development of pre-evaluation for
determine the background of learner
and give the knowledge level toward
a topic.

CO N CLU SIO N
R & D research method is a process used to develop and

validate educational product.

The purpose of research and development is to discover

or find the new knowledge with basic research, or to

answered specific questions about practically problems
with applied research, which used to increase
educational practice.
The steps of R&D research method
can be conclude as follows:
(1) Pre-development, (2) Product
development, (3) Effectiveness test of
the product, (4) Dissemination and
implementation of the product.

-THE END-

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ATTENTION