SOLAR POWER

PROJECT
CHANDRAPUR
Presented by
D.L.Pawar , Dy.E.E (Project)

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission

Our

vision is to make Indias economic development energyefficient. Over a period of time, we must pioneer a graduated
shift from economic activity based on fossil fuels to one based
on non-fossil fuels and from reliance on non-renewable and
depleting sources of energy to renewable sources of energy.
In this strategy, the sun occupies centre-stage, as it should,
being literally the original source of all energy. We will pool our
scientific, technical and managerial talents, with sufficient
financial resources, to develop solar energy as a source of
abundant energy to power our economy and to transform the
lives of our people. Our success in this endeavor will change
the face of India. It would also enable India to help change the
destinies of people around the world.
2

Solar Radiation data in

India

Insolation in major cities of

India
CityJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAvg
Agra3.254.285.356.397.317.226.115.665.553.923.195.26
Agartala4.284.985.525.455.014.364.274.34.044.314.194.134.57
Ahmadabad4.365.085.896.296.565.94.714.395.075.074.524.035.15
Aizawl4.395.065.55.424.954.464.34.374.264.344.284.194.62
Bengaluru5.316.076.536.4364.924.454.534.894.574.494.725.24
Bhubaneshwar4.55.225.756.236.154.483.863.724.094.534.44.244.76
Chandigarh3.54.585.656.667.397.085.865.435.545.254.223.4 5.38
Chennai4.895.836.566.6165.124.634.714.944.374.024.215.15
DehraDun3.674.475.586.617.396.695.334.85.175.384.383.635.25
Delhi3.714.645.736.176.396.045.194.784.994.794.073.45 4.99
Hyderabad5.025.776.286.46.144.814.244.14.464.744.814.75.12
Imphal4.34.95.165.44.94.263.843.83.754.074.024.01 4.36
Jaipur3.94.675.45.996.356.215.084.685.054.754.043.66 4.98
Kolkata4.134.895.595.995.794.494.093.93.884.324.214.024.60
Lucknow3.624.635.686.196.545.884.784.454.454.834.143.524.89
Mumbai6.547.177.427.146.695.634.944.855.696.296.465.92 6.23
Patna4.065.216.196.816.875.714.554.544.374.924.573.975.14

Irradiance & Insolation

IRRADIANCE:-
Itdescribesthesolarpoweravailableinafixedarea.Irradianceis
typicallyexpressedinwattspersquareinch.(W/m2).Irradianceis
measuredwithainstrumentcalledPyranometer.
INSOLATION:-INCIDENT+SOLAR+RADIATION

Itistheamountofsolarirradiancethathitsasurfaceoveraperiod
oftime,andthusameasurementofsolarradiationenergy.Insolation
istypicallyexpressedinKilowatt-hourpersquaremeterperday.
(KWh/m2/day)

Physics of Photovoltaic Generation

n-type
semiconductor
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + +
-+ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Depletion Zone
p-type
semiconductor

How is electricity
produced ?
When the light rays fall on a solar cell, they
penetrateintothesolarcellandcreateaflowofelectrons
throughout the crystal structure. The crystal structure of
silicon contains empty spaces ( hole ) which accept
these electrons. As one electron moves to fill a hole, it
createsanotherholeanditisthisflowofelectronswhich
produceselectricity.

PV Technology Classification
Crystalline Technology

Thin Film Technology

A) Mono Crystalline PV Cells

A) Amorphous Silicon PV Cells

B) Multi Crystalline PV Cells

B) Poly Crystalline PV Cells

( Non-Silicon based)

Silicon Crystalline Technology

Currently makes up 86% of PV market

Very stable with module efficiencies 10-16%

Mono crystalline PV Cells

Multi Crystalline PV Cells

Made

using saw-cut from single

cylindrical crystal of Si

Caste

Operating

Cell

efficiency up to 15%

from ingot of melted

and recrystallised silicon
efficiency ~12%

Accounts

for 90% of
crystalline Si market

Advantages and Disadvantages of

Crystalline Solar Panels
Monocrystallinepanelshavebeenthego-tochoiceformanyyears,andareamong
theoldest,mostefficient,andmostdependableoftechnologies.
Themostcommontypesofsiliconcellsaremonocrystallinewithefficiencyofabout
12to14%.
Becausetheyremadefromjustonecrystal,notmultiplecrystalsfusedtogether,the
processofmakingthemisoneofthemostcomplexandcostlyonesaround.That
meanseverypanelwillcostmore.
Likeothertypesofsolarpanels,monocrystallinesolarmodulessufferareductionin
outputoncethetemperaturereachesaroundfiftydegreesCelsius.Reductionsof
betweentwelveandfifteenpercent(12to12.5%).
Thelifespanofamonocrystallinecellisaminimumoftwenty-fiveyearsandcanbe
morethanfifty,makingthemaworthwhileinvestmentforlongtermuse.
Thesepanelsareextremelyfragilethatmeansarigidmountingisamust.

Thin Film Technology

Silicon deposited in a continuous on a base material such as glass,

metal or polymers
Thin-film crystalline solar cell consists of layers about 10m thick
compared with 200-300m layers for crystalline silicon cells

PROS
Low cost substrate and
fabrication process
CONS
Not very stable

Advantages and Disadvantages of

Thin Film Solar Panels
Thinfilmsolarpanelsareonemethodofgeneratingelectricpowerfromthesunthats
onlycomeontothemarketinrecentyears.
ThemostcommontypesofthinfilmcellsareAmorphoussilicontypewithefficiencyof
about6to7%.
Theyrealsocalledamorphoussiliconphotovoltaiccells,andtheyarentrigid,unlike
traditionalpanels.Theyuseanamorphoustypeofsiliconinsteadofoneormore
crystals.
Themostcommonandpopulartypeofthinfilmsolarpanelistheflexiblelaminate
type.
Onebenefitofthinfilmsolarpanelsthatothertypescantofferisthattheydontsuffer
adecreaseinoutputwhentemperaturesgoup.
SpaceNeededwiththeefficienciescurrentlyavailable,youwouldneedapproximately
50%moreroomwiththinfilmsolartoproducethesameelectricitythantraditional
solarsetupi.eCrystallineTechnology.

1 MWp Grid Interactive Solar PV Power Plant

CSTPS Premises, Chandrapur,
Dist. Chandrapur, Maharashtra

Owner

MAHAGENCO
Maharashtra State Power Generation Company Ltd., Mumbai

Developed By
MBIL
Moserbaer India Limited, Noida, New Delhi.
Consultant
MITCON, Pune.
13

ScopeofWork
Design, manufacture, supply, erection,
testingandcommissioningof1.00MWpGrid
Interactive Solar PV(Thin Film Technology)
Power Plant with associated HT over head
distribution cable or line upto the power
evacuation point of MSEDCL including 3
years operation & maintenance of the same
on turnkey basis at CSTPS Campus,
Chandrapur,Maharashtra.
14

Grid Connect System

Solar plant- Typical

SolarInverter

SolarArray

SCADA

LTPanel

Mediumvoltagetransformer
3-phase33kV

Layout of
1 MWp Solar Power Plant

17

Salient Features of Plant 1 MWp

Thin Film
Description

Sr
No.

Capacity/Make/Remarks

SolarPanels

12288Nos.Make:MoserBaer

Technology

ThinFilmTechnology

SolarPanels/Structure

8Nos.

Structuresfor250KW

384Nos.

CapacityofeachSolarPanel

92.5VDC,1.17Amps,84Watt

Powerconditioningunits

4Nos.(250KWeach)Make:SMA

(Inverter)

Germany

Arearequiredfortheplant

@5Hectares

PowerGenerationprocess

@550VDCisInvertedto415VACand
steppedupto33KV.

Salient Features of Plant 1 MWp

Thin Film
Sr
No.
9

10

Description

Capacity/Make/Remarks

PowerEvacuation

33KVlineupto33/11KVSolar

arrangement

Substation(MSEDCL)

DataAcquisitionSystem

Continuousrecordingofimportant
parametersanditsremotetransmission

11

Transformer

415V/33KV,1.25MVA,Make:Danish

12

ExpectedAnnualGeneration

@1.593MUs

13

Cost(ExcludingLand)

Rs.12.50Crores

14

Developer

MBIL,Delhi.

15

Consultant

MITCONPune.

Financial Highlights
1

CostofProject

12.50Crores(ExcludingLand)

LifeofProject

25Years

AnnualGeneration

1.593MUs

PlantloadFactor

18.07%

CERSaleValue

10EuroperCER(@10Lakhs/year

ProjectIRR

12.64%

ProjectPaybackPeriod

7to8years

Per Kwh price

Rs .15 ( Rs.12 from MNRE & Rs.3 from

MSEDCL)

LevelisedCost

Rs10.60/Kwh

Solar Photo Voltaic Panels

21

22

Dimensions of Solar Panel

24

25

Use series wiring to increase Voltage.

26

The voltage of each Solar

panel is @ 80V and Current is
1.25A and all 8 panels of one
structure add to give us the
effect of 8 times the voltage
that is 640 V. In this circuit the
current is the same as the
current in just 1 Solar panel
that
is
1.25Amps.
(This
calculations stands in STC)

Use parallel wiring to increase current.

This diagram shows a simple parallel circuit

to increase current or power. Assume that
we are using 640 volt solar panel and 1.25A
current. The power of all 1536
panels(structures) add to give us the effect
of 1536 times as powerful but the voltage
stays the same at 640 volts. Parallel wiring
increases current but the voltage does not
change. The output of this wiring gives us
@ 2000A and about 1.28 MW power.
27

Factors Affecting Output of solar power plant

1. StandardTestConditions(STC).
Irradiance (sunlightintensityorpower),inWattspersquaremeterfallingonaflat
surface.Themeasurementstandardis1kWpersq.m.(1,000Watts/m2)
Air Mass referstothicknessandclarityoftheairthroughwhichthesunlight
passestoreachthemodules(sunangleaffectsthisvalue).Thestandardis1.5.
Cell temperature ,whichwilldifferfromambientairtemperature.STCdefinescell
testingtemperatureas25degreesC.
2.Temperature.
3.DirtandDust.
4.Mismatchandwiringlosses.
5.DCtoACconversionlosses.
Cumulative effect for 100-watt module
100-wattmoduleoutput,reducedbyproductiontolerance,heat,dust,wiring,ac
conversion,andotherlosseswilltranslateintoabout68WattsofACpower
deliveredtothehousepanelduringthemiddleofaclearday
(100Wattsx0.95x0.89x0.93x0.95x0.90=67Watts).
Thisinreferencegivesusoutputaslowas
(1.28MWx0.95x0.89x0.93x0.95x0.90=0.860MW).

Positioning of Solar Panels along with cable trays and array junction boxes

Energy Generation for the Year 2010-11(1

MWp)
Sr.
No.

Month

Solar
Insolation
( KWh/m2/d)

Expected
Generation
(MUs)

Actual Solar
Insolation
(KWh/m2/d)

Actual Generation
(MUs)

April 2010

6.10

0.173 MUs

0.033 MUs

May 2010

5.30

0.141 MUs

0.073 MUs

June 2010

4.50

0.090 MUs

0.106 MUs

July 2010

4.00

0.085 MUs

0.096 MUs

Aug 2010

3.60

0.075 MUs

3.66

0.105 MUs

Sept 2010

4.50

0.123 MUs

4.25

0.100 MUs

Oct 2010

5.70

0.147 MUs

4.68

0.114 MUs

Nov 2010

6.00

0.155 MUs

4.45

0.105 Mus

Dec 2010

6.00

0.144 MUs

3.88

0.111Mus

10

Jan 2011

5.70

0.130 MUs

4.31

0.113 Mus

11

Feb 2011

6.60

0.160 Mus

4.84

0.123 Mus

12

Mar 2011

6.50

0.170 Mus

5.32

0.150 MUs

Total

1.593 MUs

1.229 MUs

Energy Generation for the Year 2011-12(1

MWp)
Sr.
No.

Month

Solar
Insolatio
n
( KWh/m
2/d)

Expected
Generation
(MUs)

Actual Solar
Insolation
(KWh/m2/d)

Actual Generation
(MUs)

Apr 2011

6.10

0.173 Mus

5.28

0.144 Mus

May 2011

5.30

0.141 Mus

5.22

0.156 Mus

June 2011

4.50

0.090 Mus

3.98

0.117 Mus

July 2011

4.00

0.085 Mus

3.74

0.115 Mus

Aug.2011

3.60

0.085 Mus

3.24

0.092 Mus

TOTAL

0.574 Mus

0.624 Mus

Total Generation till date :- 1.853 MUs

Crystalline Modules

Crystalline Modules

POWER CONDITIONING
UNIT(PCU)

SOLAR PANELS

ONGOING SOLAR PROJECTS AT

CHANDRAPUR

LOA is placed on M/s MEGHA ENGG,

Hyderabad for 2 MWp Thin Film Solar Power
Plant on dated 22.10.2010

Status as on 22.08.2011: Land Leveling is in progress and

material supply started.

Expected Completion date: October 2011

LOA is placed on M/s INSTANT ENERGY,

Mumbai for 2 MWp Crystalline Solar Power
Plant on dated 26.10.2010

Status as on 22.08.2011: Piles foundation and Fencing work

is in progress

Expected Completion date: October 2011

Salient Features of 2 X 2 MWp Solar Power

Project
Sr
No.

Description

Capacity/Make/Remarks

Technology

Thin Film

Crystalline

Area required for the plant

@ 7.5 Hectares

@4 Hectares

Power Evacuation

33 KV line upto 33/11 KV Solar

33 KV line upto 33/11 KV

arrangement

Substation (MSEDCL)

Solar Substation (MSEDCL)

Expected Annual

@ 3.186 MUs

@ 3.186 MUs

Generation
5

Developer

MEIL, Hyderabad.

IEPL, Mumbai.

Consultant

MITCON Pune.

MITCON Pune.

Roof Top

50 MW power plant - Solar

thermal.

40