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PHYSIOLOGY
Departemen Fisiologi
Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Sumatera Utara
?
m
e
t
Functions of the Cardio-Vascular
System
s
y
S
V
C
e
th
Delivery of O2, oGlucose
and other
f
n
o
i
t active tissues.
nutrients
to
c
n
u
F
y
r
Transport
a
of metabolites and other
m
i
Prsubstances to and from storage
s
n
a
r
T
t
r
o
p
sites.
Transport of hormones, antibodies
and other substances to site of
action.
Dr Peter K. McFawn Department of Physiology Queens University Botterell Hall 4 th floor
pkm@post.queensu.ca http://meds.queensu.ca/physiol/underg.html
The Heart
Series and
Parallel Vascular
Beds.
PULMONARY
CIRCULATION
1. LOW RESISTANCE
2. LOW PRESSURE
(25/10 mmHg)
SYSTEMIC
CIRCULATION
1. HIGH RESISTANCE
2. HIGH PRESSURE
(120/80 mmHg)
PARALLEL
SUBCIRCUITS
UNIDIRECTIONAL
FLOW
CAPACITY VESSELS
THE SYSTEMIC
CIRCULATION
1. HIGH RESISTANCE
2. HIGH PRESSURE
(120/80 mmHg)
THE PULMONARY
CIRCULATION
1. LOW RESISTANCE
2. LOW PRESSURE
(25/10 mmHg)
NORMAL
PACEMAKER POTENTIAL
Fastest cells
located in SA node
(100/minute).
SA node sets
pace.
Bundle of His can
provide ectopic
pacemaker (2540/min)
Intrinsic Conducting
System
Sinoatrial node.
Atrioventricular node.
Receives impulses
originating from SA
node.
Bundle of His
Electrical link between
atria and ventricles.
Purkinje fibres.
Distribute impulses to
ventricles.
PACEMAKERS
(in order of
their inherent
rhythm)
Atrio-ventricular (AV) node
Electrical Events
Autorhythmicity:heart contracts
without help of hormonal or neuronal
stimulation.
The conduction or nodal system of the
heart consists of the AV and SA nodes,
the AV bundle and bundle branches
and Purkinje fibers.
This system coordinates the
depolarization and ensures the heart
beats as one.
The SA acts as the hearts pacemaker
and sets the sinus rhythm.
Impulse pathway
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Contractile Response
The contractile response of cardiac muscle begins
just after the start of depolarization and lasts about
1.5 times as long as the action potential
Stroke volume
Normal
Fungsi jantung
Syok
Kardiogenik
Stroke volume
Body
position
Intrathoracic
pressure
STRETCHING OF MYOCARD
Pumping action of
skletal muscle
Venous tone
Intrapericardial
pressure
The
The
From
It
Let it
beat!