Stone media TF design

Example 1
Calculate the BOD loading, hydraulic loading, BOD
removal efficiency, and effluent BOD concentration of a
single-stage trickling filter based on the following data:
Design assumptions:

Influent flow =1530 m3/d

Recirculation ratio = 0.5
Primary effluent BOD = 130 mg/L
Diameter of filter = 18 m
Depth of media = 2.1 m
Water temperature =18oC

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(1) BOD loading rate (kg/m3/d)

BOD load

= BOD Conc. x Influent flow

= 130 mg/L x 1530 m3/d =198.9 kg/d

Volume of filter

= surface area of filter x depth

= (18 m x 18m)/4 X 2.1 m = 533 m3

BOD loading rate = BOD load / volume of filter

=0.37 kg/m3/d

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(2) Hydraulic loading rate (m3/m2/d)

Total flow to the media = influent + recirculation flow

= 1530 m3/d + (1530 m3/d x 0.5)
Surface area of filter = (18 m x 18m)/4 = 254 m3
Hydraulic loading rate = Total flow to the media / area of filter
= 9.04 m3/m2/d

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(3) Effluent BOD (mg/L)

E1

BOD removal efficiency for first-stage filter at 20oC, %

100

w1
1 0.4432
VF
100
E1
1 0.4432

w1
VF

1 R
1 0 .5

1.36
2
2
(1 R / 10)
(1 0.5 / 10)

100
1 0.4432

0.37
1.36

E18 E20 (1.035)18 20 81.2(1.035) 2 75.7%

(100 75.7)
Effluent BOD (mg / L) 130 mg / L
100

81.2%

Stone media TF design

Example 2
A municipal wastewater having a BOD of 200 mg/L is to
be treated by a two-stage trickling filter. The desired
effluent quality is 25 mg/L of BOD. If both of the filter
depths are to be 1.83 m and the recirculation ratio is 2:1,
find the required filter diameters. Assume the
following design assumptions apply.
Design assumptions:

Influent flow =7570 m 3/d

Recirculation ratio = 2
Depth of media = 1.83 m
Water temperature =20oC
BOD removal in primary sedimentation = 35%
E1=E2 =0.65

Stone media TF design

Example 2

BOD=200mg/L

E1

Primary
Clarifier

100
w1
1 0.4432
VF

TF1

TF2

Secondary BOD=25mg/L
Clarifier

100
E2
0.4432 w2
1
1 E1 VF

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(1) Compute the recirculation factor

1 R
2
F
2 = (1+2)/ (1+0.2) = 2.08
(1 R / 10)

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(2) Compute the BOD load for the first filter
BOD load = BOD Conc. x Influent flow
= 200mg/L*(1-0.35) x 7570 m3/d =1234kg/d

(3) Compute the volume for the first stage

E1

100
w1
1 0.4432
VF
V= 388 m3

64.6

100
1 0.4432

1234
V (2.08)

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(4) Compute the diameter of the first filter
A= V/depth = 388 m3/1.83m = 212 m2
Diameter = 16.4 m
(5) Compute the BOD load for the second filter

BOD load to the second filter

= (1-E1) x BOD load to the first filter
= (1-0.646) x 1234 kg BOD/d
= 437 kg BOD/d

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(6) Compute the volume for the first stage
E2

100
0.4432 w2
1
1 E1 VF

100
64.6
0.4432
437
1
1 0.646 V (2.08)

V= 1096 m3

(7) Compute the diameter of the first filter

A= V/depth = 1096 m3/1.83m 599 m2
Diameter = 27.6 m

Stone media TF design

Solution)
(8) Compute the BOD loading to each filter

(9) Compute the hydraulic loading to each filter

Plastic media

Plastic media
Schulze formula
The liquid contact time (t) of applied wastewater

CD
t n
q
Where:
t = liquid contact time, min
D= depth of media (m)
q = hydraulic loading, (m3/m2/h)
C, n = constants related to specific surface &
configuration of media

Plastic media
hydraulic loading (q)
Q
q
A
Where:
Q= influent flow rate L/min
A=filter cross section area m2

Plastic media TF design

Schulze formula

Se
( kD / q n )
e
So
Where:
Se= BOD concentration of settled filter effluent, mg/L
So= influent BOD concentration to the filter, mg/L
k=wastewater treatability and packing coefficient, (L/s)0.5/m2
D=packing depth, m
q= hydraulic application rate of primary effluent, excluding recirculation, L/m2*s
n=constant characteristic of packing used (assumed to be 0.5).

Plastic media TF design

Example 3
Given the following design flow rates and primary effluent wastewater
characteristics, determine the following design parameters for a
trickling filter design assuming 2 reactors at 6.1 m depth, cross-flow
plastic packing with a specific surface area of 90 m2/m3, a packing
coefficient n value of 0.5, & a 2-arm distributor system. The required
minimum wetting rate=0.5L/m2*s. Assume a secondary clarifier depth
of 4.2m and k value of 0.23.
Design conditions
Item

unit

Primary effluent

Flow

m3/d

15,140

BOD

mg/L

125

20

TSS

mg/L

65

20

Temp

14

Target effluent

Plastic media TF design

Example 3
Calculate the followings
Diameter of TF, m
Volume of packing require, m 3

Plastic media TF design

Solution
(1) Diameter of tower trickling filter, m
a. Correct k for temperature effect

kT k 20 (1.035)T 20 0.23(1.035)14 20 0.187

Plastic media TF design

Solution
(1) Diameter of tower trickling filter, m
b. Determine the hydraulic loading rate
Se
25
( kD / q n )
( 0.1876.1 / q 0.5 )
e

e
solve for " q". q 0.3875 L / m 2 s
So
125

c. Determine the tower area

Q
q ,
A

Q
15,140 m 3 / d
175.2 L / s
2
A

452
.
2
m
q 0.3875 L / m 2 s 0.3875 L / m 2 s

d. Determine the tower diameter

Area / No. of tower 452.2m 2 / 2 226.1m 2
Diameter 17 m each for two filter