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‡ To test if the difference among more than


two means of populations are significant.

‡ Hà÷ %<S %j S % S %˜
‡ H<÷ %< S %2 S %3 S %˜
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‡ The populations concerned all have values


which are normally distributed. Or they are
very large enough.

‡ Variance of all these populations are the


same.
Ý 

‡ Two separate estimates of population variance is


made and inference is drawn based on their
comparison.
‡ If their ratio , F ratio, is near about one, both the
estimates are near to each other. Then Hà is
accepted. If the ratio F is more than the critical
value , Hà is rejected.
‡ F distribution is continuous, positively skewed,
and starting from 0 and goes on to infinity.
g 
‡ 1. Estimate population variance from the variance that
exists p p  p
¬pp   
p
 p . ñÆj  nj ¬ xj-x jd¬k-1 , where µn¶ is
sample size, µk¶ is number of samples.

‡ Estimate population variance from the variance that


exists  p  p

jof each sample   ¬x-x jd¬n-1 , n is sample size.
ñj S ¬nj-1 sjd¬n - k , where n is the total elements.

‡ Find the ratio of ñÆjñj ¬µF¶ ratio .


‡ F ratio has two different degrees of
freedom, one for the numerator and the
other for denominator, k-1 and n-k
respectively.

‡ Accept Null hypothesis if the ratio is  the


critical value in the table for the set of d.fs.
‡ Reject Null hypothesis if the ratio is  the
critical value.
~  

‡ Samples of three brands of cell phones were drawn at


random and their average battery life were tabulated÷

p p p


˜ ˜à ˜˜
˜j  ˜
˜˜  à
˜< ! ˜à

Test if their average life is the same or not.


‡ Hà"Average life is the same .
‡ H<"Average life is not the same

Brand A Brand B Brand C


X< ¬X<#X<$j Xj ¬Xj-Xj$j X ¬X-X$j
˜ 4 ˜à 4 ˜˜ 1
˜j 1  1 ˜ 1
˜˜ 1  4 à 25
˜< 4 ! 1 ˜à 25
   10  <j  S10  <%à  S52
X<˜ Xj% X˜

‡ X S X/n S 42
ñÆj S n ¬ xj-x jd¬k-1 S 41+16+9d2 S 52
‡ j of each sample S ¬xj-x jd¬n-1
s<jS¬4+1+1+4 3 S 3.33, sjj S 3.33, sjS 17.33
ñ  ¬n-1 jd¬n-k    

‡ F S52É S6.5
‡ This is Fcritical for d.f ¬2,9 , at 5% significance
which is 4.26 from table.
‡ So Reject H0
~  

‡ In Bigville , a fast food chain feels it is gaining bad reputation


because it takes long time to serve the customers. It has 4
restaurants and it is concerned whether all the four are
equally bad. The following service times in minutes were
recorded in a random survey.
Restaurant 1 3 4 5.5 3.5 4
Restaurant 2 3 3.5 4.5 4 5.5
Restaurant 3 2 3.5 5 6.5 6
Restaurant 4 3 4 5.5 2.5 3
‡ Do all the restaurants have the same average service time?.
Check at 5% significance level.
X ¬X-X j ¬X-X j

Restaurant 1 3 4 5.5 3.5 4 4 3.5 .005625


Restaurant 2 3 3.5 4.5 4 5.5 4.1 3.7 .000625
Restaurant 3 2 3.5 5 6.5 6 4.6 13.7 .275625
Restaurant 4 3 4 5.5 2.5 3 3.6 5.7 .225625
nS5,kS4,nTS20 x ˜ à  26.6  .5075

ñÆj S n ¬ xj - x jd¬k-1 S 5*0.50753 S 0.É45É3


j of each sample S ¬xj-x jd¬n-1 . s<j3.54 & jjS 3.74,
sjS 13.74, s˜jS 5.74 &  sjS 26.6 4
ñj  ¬nj-1 s2d¬n-k S 26.616 S 1.6625
F S ñÆj  ñj  0.50ÉÉ
F critical for d.f ¬3,16 for S.L 5% S 3.24 . So do not reject Hà
~  
‡ Cureall Hospitals have opened a medical care unit in three cities.
The management is assessing the patients treated at the ICU.
Last four months data is collected as follows÷

Month Chennai Pune Kochi


1 54 55 45
2 51 50 56
3 54 53 47
4 5É 59 51

‡ Would you conclude, at 5% level, that the average number of


patients needing ICU facilities is the same in all the three cities?
Ans÷ñÆjS 27? ñj S 15.36 ? FS1.76? < F , 4.26. Ho not rejected?
~   
A company wishes to purchase one of the five different machines
A,B,C,D, or E. While testing their performance, the following
units could be produced in these machines in equal time period by
equally skilled workers. Test the Hypothesis at 5%, that there is no
significant difference in the performance of these machines.

A 6É 72 77 42 53
B 72 53 63 53 4É
C 60 É2 64 75 72
D 4É 61 57 64 50
E 64 65 70 6É 53
Ans÷ñÆjS 164.54? ñj S 94.16 ? FS1.747? < F ,2.É7. Ho holds
~ 

‡ 2007 Mid term Make up Q. 4, 7

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