Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Studies
Grupp 2
Jukka Mki-Turja, Johan
Andersson, Joel Huselius
role of Theory
No roadmaps exists
Questions
The
Propositions
Possible
More
Unit of Analysis
An individual?
A decision?
A program?
Without clear propositions, one might be tempted to cover
everything.
Non-favoring research questions too vague or too numerous
Identify
effects pattern
no effects pattern
Observation
Existing
work
Construct
Validity
Internal Validity
External Validity
Reliability
Construct Validity
Internal Validity
Establishing a causal relationship,
whereby certain conditions are shown to
lead to other conditions, as distinguished
from spurious relationships
For explanatory or causal studies only.
Inferring theory
Study
x leads to y
What happens if unknown z affects y?
External Validity
Establishing the domain to which a
studies findings can be generalized
Critics state that single cases offer a poor
basis for generalization.
Analytical
Generalization by replication
Replication
Reliability
with accounting
Tests
Tactics
Phase
Construct
Validity
Data collection
Data collection
Composition
Internal
Validity
Pattern matching
Explanation building
Adress rival explanations
Use logic models
Data analysis
Data analysis
Data analysis
Data analysis
External
Validity
Research design
Research design
Reliability
Data collection
Data collection
Context
Holistic
(single unit
of analysis)
Context
Context
Case
Case
Context
Context
Case
Case
Context
Context
Case
Case
Case
Context
Embedded
(multiple units
of analysis)
Multiple-case Designs
Case
Embedded
Unit of
Analysis 1
Embedded
Unit of
Analysis 2
U1
U2
U1
U2
Context
Context
Case
Case
U1
U2
U1
U2
Single-case Design
Five rationales
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Longitudinal case
6.
design
no logical
subunits can be
identified.
study might be
conducted on a too
abstract level
Research question
slippage
Embedded
Avoids
design
slippage
Extensive analysis
Might focus too
much on subunits,
loses higher level
(holuistic) aspects.
Multiple-case Designs
More robust results and compelling
arguments
Require more resources
Replication rather than sampling logic
Each case can be holistic or embedded
Sampling statistical
Analogous
Literal replication
Theoretical replication
Similar results
Literal