SHAPER

CONSTRUCTION

Shaper construction

The Value of the Shaper

Parts of the Shaper
Reasons for Gib Adjustments
Lubricating the Shaper
Operation of the Shaper
Other Construction Details

Value of the Shaper

More efficient than the planar

Costs less to buy
Takes less power to run
Occupies less space in the shop
One-Third more quicker
Work is more easily adjusted

Parts of the Shaper

Parts of the Shaper

1. Toolslide clamp screw
2. Serial number
3. Finished pads
4. Tool shelf
5. Start and stop buttons
6. Back-gear lever
7. Stroke-indicator dial
8. Speed-indicator plate
9. Stroke-adjusting shaft
10. Motor starter

Parts of the Shaper

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

Gearshift lever
Transmission drain plug
Oil-sight gage
Power cross-feed selector
Power rapid-traverse lever
Rail-elevating manual control
Cross-feed safety crank
Table support
Table-support bearing
Apron

Parts of the Shaper

21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.

Cross-feed screw
Cross-feed engagement lever
Clutch and brake lever
Rail-clamp control
Column rail bearing
Column throath-chip guard
Clapper
Tool post
Clapper box
Toolslide

Basic Parts of the Shaper

Base
Column or Pillar
Cross Rail
Saddle
Table
Ram
Tool Head
Drive Mechanism

Base

The base of the shaper supports the column

or pillar which supports all the working parts
such as ram, work table, drive mechanism
etc. Base is a heavy cast iron body.

Column or Pillar

Pillar or Body:- The shaper has a column

which is a ribbed casting of cellular
construction. The top of the column carries
the ram slideways, whilst the table slideways
are machined on the front of the casting. The
crank and slotted link mechanism that drives
the ram is contained within the column. The
driving motor, the variable speed gearbox,
levers, handles and other controls of shaper
are also contained in the column.

Cross Rail

The cross rail carries the horizontal table

slideways and is mounted on the vertical
slideways of the column. The cross rail
can be raised or lowered by means of an
elevating screw in order to compensate
for different thick nesses of work. The
cross rail is a, heavy casting and it also
carries the table cross feed screw
together with the pawl and ratchet
intermittent drive mechanism.

Saddle

is gibbed to the cross rail and supports the

table. If the table is removed, the work can
be bolted or clamped to the T-slots in front of
the saddle. Crosswise movement of the
saddle causes the work table to move
sideways.

Table

Work table is a box shaped casting with Tflots

in its upper surface and down one side. It also
has a vee machined in the vertical side to
carry cylindrical work. The work table is
bolted to the saddle and can be moved
vertically and crosswise with the help of
saddle and cross rail.

Ram

Ram is a rigidly braced casting and is

located on the top of column. The ram is
driven back and forth in its slides by the
slotted link mechanism. The ram
contains a stroke positioning mechanism
and the downfeed mechanism.

Tool Head

The tool head holds the tool. The tool head

imparts the tool, the necessary vertical and
angular feed movements. The tool slide
controls the in feed of the cutting tool into
the workpiece. In other words, it controls the
depth of cut and is adjusted by a lead screw.

Slotted Link Quick Return

Shaper Drive Mechanism

Slotted link mechanism is very common in

mechanical shapers. The mechanism is simple and
compact. It converts the rotary motion of the
electric motor and the reciprocating motion of the
ram.

Reasons for Gib

Adjustments

In General, gibs should be adjusted with a minimum

clearance on a properly fitted bearing is favorable
to the formation of a strong oil wedge or film.
When making adjustment, be sure that uneven
wear has not taken place. That is, movements of
the table, ram, and sliding block are usually
confined to a certain portion of the entire travel.
Accordingly, after a long period of time, there will
be more wear in this portion than elsewhere. If the
gib is adjusted for the worn portion, it will be tight
for the portion that is little used. This condition
exists only after a long period of operation and
eventually requires refitting.

Lubricating the Shaper

Lubricating Points
1. Oil Reservoir
2. Motor
3. Return Basin and Main Reservoir
5. Sliding Surface of the Tool Head
6. Table Support Surface
7. Rail Sliding Surfaces
12. Oil Holes of Ram

Lubricating Points

Lubricating Points
4. Oil Pressure Gage
8. Feed-screw bearing
9. Feed screw
10. Sliding surface of vise
11. Clapper pin
13. Ram-adjusting screw
14. Speed-change-lever bearings
15. Crank clutch
16. Oil feedbox
17. Oil-sight gage

Before Starting the Machine

1.

2.

3.

4.

Fill transmission reservoir until oil overflows

into the return basin.
Lubricate the motor accordingly to the motor
manufacturers recommendations. Do not
overlubricate.
After filling the transmission reservoir, open the
column door and fill the return basin until oil
overflows to the main reservoir.
After filling the return basin, remove the main
reservoir cover and fill with oil until the level is
1/2in. From the opening. Add oil as required.

Lubricating the Shaper

1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

7.

Daily Oilings
Clean and oil the sliding surface of the tool
head.
Clean the surface of the table.
Clean the sliding surfaces of the rail.
Oil the feed-screw bearing.
Oil the feed screw.
Clean and oil the sliding surfaces of the vise. Fill
oil holes.
Oil the clapper pin; clean frequently.

Lubricating the Shaper

Weekly Oilings
1. Fill the oil hole at rear of the ram and the
two oil holes near the ram adjustment
shaft.
2. Oil the ram-adjusting screw through the
opening in the ram.
3. Oil the speed-change-lever bearings.
4. Oil the crank clutch.

Lubricating the Shaper

Monthly Oilings
Remove the plug and oil to the feedbox.

NOTE: Do not allow the oil level to fall

below the sight gage when the shaper is
stopped.

Operation of the Shaper

1.

2.
3.

4.

5.

6.

Starting
Put the gearshift lever in neutral position and see that the
stroke dial reads zero.
Put the feed lever in the neutral position.
Start the motor and make sure it is running in the proper
direction. Arrows on the belt and pulley guard show the
correct direction.
Engage the clutch lever with gears in neutral and stroke at
zero.
Allow the shaper to run from 3 to 5min. To fill all oil tubes
before the ram is set in motion.
Inspect the rocker arm and sliding block to see that they
are getting oil.

Reference

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