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Plumbing Fundamentals

MODULE 5

PLUMBING FIXTURES
AND ACCESSORIES

DANILO V. RAVINA, NAMPAP - CE


BU

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

What are Plumbing Fixtures?

Plumbing Fixtures are approved-type


installed receptacles, devices or appliances
supplied with water or liquid-borne wastes &
discharge such wastes into the drainage
system to which they may be directly or
indirectly connected. Industrial or commercial
tanks, vats & similar processing equipment are
not plumbing fixtures, but may be connected
to or discharge into approved traps or
plumbing fixtures as approved for in this Code.
(Sec. 217.10 NPC 1999)
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

What are the common types of


Plumbing Fixtures?

Plumbing Fixtures, put in simpler term, are


receptacles or receivers attached to the
plumbing system other than a trap in which
water or waste may be collected or retained for
ultimate discharge into the plumbing treatment
facility and point of discharge. Their common
types are:
1. Water Closet
2. Lavatory
3. Bathtub /Shower
4. Kitchen Sink
5. Bidet
6. Urinal
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

What is a Water Closet & What


are its Types?

Water Closet is a plumbing


fixture used to receive human
excrement & to discharge it
through a waste pipe, using
water as a conveying medium.
Water Closets are classified
according to:
1. Design
2. Make
3. Flushing Mechanism Used
4. Shape
5. Installation

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

What are the types of water closet as


to Design? 1. Siphon Washdown 2. Siphon Jet
3. Siphon Vortex

1. Siphon Washdown

It is the least expensive but the


noisiest; Only small amount of
standing water, susceptible to
fouling, staining &
contamination

4. Reverse Trap

2. Siphon Jet

The jet being submerged,


introduces water underwater so
that its operation is entirely
muffled. It has a large amount
of standing water to prevent
fouling

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

3. Siphon Vortex

Reverse Trap

This type of bowl develops its


flushing action through the
water entering the diagonal
holes around the rim which
creates a swirling action which
forms a vortex in the center.

The trap way located at the rear


eliminated the bulge at the front.
The design of the bowl plus its
large water area & quietness in
operation, makes it desirable
than the siphon washdown.

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

What are the type of water


closets as to Make?

1. One-Piece 2. Close Coupled 3. Pail Flush 4. Squat bowl


One-Piece Water Closet:

From HCG

The water closet fixture


is manufactured with
the bowl & the flush
tank molded into a
single unit

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

Close Coupled Water Closet:

From HCG

From Mariwasa ToTo

A water closet wherein the


flush tank is separate but is
attached to the toilet bowl. It
is a two-piece model.

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

Pail Flush Water Closet:

A water closet comprising only of a


bowl without a flush tank. Flushing
action is obtained only through water
poured from a pail or bucket. This is
used in areas where running water
system is not available.

From Royal Tern

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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Squat Bowl Water Closet:

A water closet
that is other
wise known as
eastern type
water closet
since the user
assumes a
squatting
position rather
than a sitting
position.
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What are the types of water closets as


to Flushing Mechanism Used?
1. Flush Tank

2. Flush Valve

Flush Tank- Holds a supply of water for


flushing the water closet. It flushes 3 to 6
liters.

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MPAP - CEBU

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Flush Valve:

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

Flush Valve is a
valve designed to
supply a fixed
quantity of water for
flushing purposes.
It is activated by
direct water
pressure without the
use of a flush tank.
It requires a flow
pressure of 69 to
138 kPa (10 to 20
psi)
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What are the types of water closets as


to Shape?
1. Round Front

2. Elongated Front

Round Front
WC is intended
for installation
on a limited
space.

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

Elongated Front is
more comfortable
but occupies a
larger space.
Water closet bowls
for public use shall
be the elongated
type.

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What are the types of water closet as to


installation?
1. Free Standing or Floor Mounted
2. Wall Hung or Wall Mounted

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What are the Minimum Clearances &


Roughing-ins for Water Closets?
Clearances are
minimum distances
of fixtures for
human safety and
comfort.

Roughing-in is the
installation of all
piping & fitting parts
of the plumbing
system, which can
be completed prior
to the installation of
fixtures and
accessories.

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Lavatory? What are its


types?

A Lavatory is a fixture designed for the


washing of the hands or face. It is also known
as a Wash Basin.
The 4 types of Lavatory are:
1. Wall Hung Lavatory
2. Pedestal Lavatory
3. Counter Type Lavatory
a. Overcounter or Counter top
b. Undercounter
4. One-piece Lavatory
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MPAP - CEBU

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Wall Hung Lavatory:

Pedestal Lavatory:

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MPAP - CEBU

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Counter Type Lavatory:


Overcounter Lavatory

Undercounter Lavatory

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MPAP - CEBU

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One-piece Lavatory:

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MPAP - CEBU

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What are the Minimum Clearances &


Roughing-ins for Lavatories?

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MPAP - CEBU

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DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Bathtub?

A Bathtub is a tub for


bathing, usually a fixed
plumbing installation
designed for 1 person. It is
available in left outlet and
right outlet

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Shower Bath?


A Shower Bath is an apparatus for
spraying water on the body, usually from
above. Drain is through the shower bath
floor drain.

Shower Pan
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Kitchen Sink?


A Kitchen Sink is a
plumbing fixture
consisting of a basin
with a water supply,
connected with a drain
& used for dishwashing

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Bidet?
A Bidet is a plumbing fixture used for
washing the middle part of the body,
especially the genitals. It is also
known as Sitz Bath.

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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Bidet is used in tandem with the one-piece


water closet or in integrated with the close
coupled water closet:

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Urinal? What are the types


of Urinal?

A Urinal is a plumbing fixture equipped


with a water supply and drain for
flushing away urine.
The types of Urinals are:
1. Wall Hung Urinal
2. Pedestal Urinal
3. Stall Urinal
4. Trough Urinal
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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Wall Hung Urinal:

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MPAP - CEBU

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Stall Urinal
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MPAP - CEBU

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Urinal Types, Clearances and Roughing-ins:

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What are other types of Plumbing


Fixtures?
Slop Sink A deep sink, set low &
used by janitors for emptying pails
of dirty water & mop cleaning.

Laundry Tub A deep wide sink


used for washing clothes.
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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Scrub Sink:

Drinking Fountain:

A Scrub Sink is a
plumbing fixture
usually located in the
O.R. in a hospital to
enable personnel to
scrub their hands
prior to a surgical
procedure. The Hot
& Cold water supply
is activated by a
knee action mixing
valve or by wrist or
pedal control or by
automatic sensors.

A Drinking Fountain is a
plumbing fixture consisting
of a shallow basin, together
with a water jet, designed
to provide potable water for
human consumption.

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Plumbing Unit?

Plumbing Unit is a minimum standard


quantity of plumbing fixtures that discharges
waste into a plumbing installation, including:
-1 Water Meter*
-1 Kitchen Sink
-1 Water Closet
-1 Laundry Tray
-1 Lavatory
-3 Floor Drains
-1 Shower Head &
-4 Faucets or
Drain for a Bathtub
Hose Bibb
or Shower Stall
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What are Plumbing Accessories?

DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Plumbing Appliance?

Plumbing Appliance is
any one of a special class
of device or equipment
intended to perform a
special plumbing function.
Its operation and/or
control may be dependent
upon one or more
energized components
such as motors, controls,
heating elements and
pressure temperature
sensing elements.
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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What is a Plumbing
Appurtenance?

Plumbing Appurtenance is a
manufactured devise or a
prefabricated assembly or onthe-job assembly of component
parts, and serves as adjunct to
the basic piping system &
plumbing fixtures. It demands
no additional water supply nor
does it add any discharge load
to a fixture or the drainage
system. It performs some
useful functions in the
operation, maintenance,
servicing, economy or safety of
the plumbing system.
DANILO V. RAVINA, NA
MPAP - CEBU

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MPAP - CEBU

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