CONDITIONAL

SENTENCE
Kelompok 10

ERIA SARTIKA / I1A012007

AYU NOVIANTI / I1A012023
FACHRUL SETIAWAN /
I1A012026
ZUWITA UTARI / I1A012030
EKA SRI RAHAYU / I1A012048
M. AZIZUR RAHIM /
VENNA FEBRIAN KUSUMANINGRUM /
I1A012061
I1A012174
M. GHALI ZAGITA / I1A012090
M. RIZKI VALIAN / I1A012083
DWI PUTRI SARI / I1A012086
RASYIDATURRAHMAH / I1A012094
M. DEDE RAHMATULLAH / I1A012105

Three types of conditional sentence :

Examples:
First conditional:
If I have enough money, I will go to Japan.
Second conditional:
If I had enough money, I would go to Japan.
Third conditional:
If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan.

ZERO Conditional
Describes situations that are always true
Has same meaning as when or whenever

If + present simple, .... present simple

two present simple verbs (one in the if clause and one in the main clause)

Conditional Type 0/
Zero Conditional
In zero conditional sentences, the tense in both parts
of the sentence is the simple present.
If clause (condition)

Main clause (result)

If + simple present

simple present

If this thing happens

that thing happens.

1. Describes situations that are always true (if =

when/whenever)
If I go to school, I get up at seven. (Whenever I go to school I
get up at the same time.)

2. Used when the result will always happen

If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. (It is always true, there
cant be a different result sometimes).

3. Make statements about the real world, and often

refers to general truths, such as scientific facts
(time is now or always and the situation is real and
possible)
If you freeze water, it becomes a solid.
Plants die if they dont get enough water.

4. As in all conditional sentences, the order of

the clauses is not fixed. You may have to
rearrange the pronouns and adjust punctuation
when you change the order of the clauses, but
the meaning is identical.
In zero conditional sentences, you can replace
if with when, because both express general
truths. The meaning will be unchanged.
If you heat ice , it melts.
Ice melts if you heat it.
If it rains, the grass gets wet.
The grass gets wet when it rains.

5. The zero conditional is also often used to give

instructions, using the imperative in the main
clause.
If Bill phones, tell him to meet me at the cinema.
Ask Pete if youre not sure what to do.

Conditional Type 1
Used to talk about real and possible situations.
Here we use a simple present tense in the if-clause and
will /can / may + infinitive in the result clause.

IF + S + V1, S + WILL + V1
If I stay here a little bit longer, I will marry her
If I am hungry, I will get something to eat.
If you are hungry, you can eat an apple.
If it rains we may get wet.

EXERCISE
If she .. (work) hard, she .. (pass)
If she works hard, she will pass.

Exercise
1. If she .. (invite) me, I . (go)
2. If it . (rain), we (cancel) the match.
3. If I .. (get) a promotion, I (buy) a car.
4. If she . (be late), we . (go) without her.
5. If you . (ask) more politely, I (buy) you a
drink.

Conditional Type 2
A phrase used to express something that is not
possible or contrary to reality at the present
time. Sentences with this type usually used to
express a imaginary.
To assume something in the present which in fact
opposed to the present, the possibility is very
small because the fact is contrary to the current
situation.
The facts revealed by the conditional sentence type 2
is that at this time what was not supposed to
happen.

1. IF word in FIRST (POSITIVE Sentence)

if + simple past, S + would/could/might + bare

infinitive

. If she accepted me tomorrow, I would smile all day.

(Jika besok dia menerima saya, saya akan tersenyum sepanjang hari.)
Fact: but I dont have much hope she will accept me (tapi saya tidak
punya cukup keyakinan bahwa dia akan menerima saya)

2. IF word in MIDDLE (POSITIVE Sentence)

S+would/could/might + bare infinitive + if +

simple
past
. I would sleep all day if it rained
tomorrow.
(Saya akan tidur sepanjang hari jika besok hujan.)
Fact: but I dont have much hope it will rain (tapi saya tidak punya
cukup keyakinan bahwa besok akan hujan)

3. Negative Sentence
ifnot dapat digantikan dengan unless.
If Nisa didnt study hard, she would fail.
atau
Unless Nisa studied hard, she would fail.
(Jika Nisa tidak belajar keras, dia akan gagal.)
4. Introgative Sentence
if + simple past, would/could/might +S+ bare
infinitive + ?
If Nisa studied hard, would she pass?

5. WERE replace WAS

In the conditional sentence type 2, were used to replace was
though subjects used a 3rd person pronoun (she, he, it) as well
as a singular noun.
This is to indicate that the underlying assumption is really just a
wishful thinking because of his condition can not be met
(present unreal situation).

If + S + were, would (could/might) + bare

infinitive

Inverted Word Order Pada Conditional

Type 2
Means the verb comes before the subject
This condition can occur by removing the word if and swap the
positions of subject and verb
Normal
Inverted
If I (S) were (V) the
Were (V) I (S) the shopkeeper, I
shopkeeper, I would give
would give you discounts.
you discounts.
(Jika saya pemilik toko,
saya akan memberimu
potongan harga.)

EXERCISE
1. I..............(give) you a cigarette if I had one but Im afraid I havent
2. This soup would taste better if it ...............(have) more salt in it.
3. I wouldnt mind living in England if the weather.............(be) better.
4. If I were you, I ............................(not/marry)him.

Conditional Type 3
To talk about unfulfilled conditions in the past,
events which did not take place
While in Type 1 conditional conditions are real and
in Type 2 hypothetical, in Type 3 they are
impossible.
If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
Some time in the past, I wanted to send an invitation to a friend. I
didnt find her address, however. So in the end I didnt send her an
invitation.
If John had had the money, he would have bought a Ferrari.I knew
John very well and I know that he never had much money, but he
loved ferraris. He would have loved to own a ferrari, but he never
had the money to buy one.

Conditional type 3 using 3 tenses:

1. Past future perfect tense to write the main
sentence
(main clause)
2. Past perfect tense to write clauses (sub-clause
or if
clause)
3. Simple past tense to write fact
How to write facts (fact):
- If the sentence modality positive, then negative facts.
- If the sentence modality negative, then positive fact.

S + WOULD HAVE +V3/been + IF + S + HAD +

V3/been
OR

- To write the fact (fact), we use conjunctions: because or so

IF + S + HAD + V3/been , S + WOULD HAVE

+V3/been

Examples:
A) Positive Sentence (Main Clause in the front)
I would have spoken with you (yesterday) if I had met you.(+)
Saya akan bicara dengan kamu (kemarin) jika saya bertemu
kamu.
Explanation:
I would have spoken with you is main clause
If I had met you is if clause.
Negative Facts(-):
I didnt speak with you (yesterday) because I didnt meet you.
(-)
Saya tidak bicara dengan kamu (kemarin) karena saya tidak melihat
kamu.
OR
I didnt meet you (yesterday), so I didnt speak with you.(-)
Saya tidak bertemu kamu (kemarin), jadi saya tidak bicara dengan

B) Negative sentence (Main clause in the front)

I would not have spoken with you (yesterday) if I had not met
you.(-)
Saya tidak akan bicara dengan kamu (kemarin) jika saya tidak
bertemu
kamu.
Positive fact:
I spoke with you (yesterday) because I met you.(+)
Saya bicara dengan kamu (kemarin) karena saya melihat kamu.
OR
I met you (yesterday), so I spoke with you.(+)
Saya bertemu kamu (kemarin), jadi saya bicara dengan kamu.

C) Put the clause in the front. After clauses, separated by commas (,)
If I had met you (yesterday), I would have spoken with you.(+)
Jika saya bertemu kamu (kemarin), saya akan bicara dengan kamu.
If I had not met you (yesterday), I would not have spoken with
you.(-)
Jika saya tidak bertemu kamu (kemarin), saya tidak akan bicara dengan
kamu.

EXERCISE
1. Tom got to the station in time.
If he .......................... (miss) the train, he would have been late
for his interview.
2. Its good that Ann reminded me about Toms birthday.
I....................(forget) if she hadnt reminded me.
3. We might not have stayed at this hotel if George ..........
(not/recommend)
it to us.

THANK YOU