PRESENTATION TOPIC:

HARBOUR DOCK
ENGINEERING

GROUP MEMBERS:
KASHIF ALI KHAN
IZHAR AHMAD
SEYED BAKTH JAMAL SHAH

HARBOUR:
SHELTERED AREA
FOR LOADING AND UNLOADING OF CARGO
VESSELS ARE ALSO BUILT, REPAIR, AND

LAUNCH

CLASSIFICATION:
1. NATURAL HARBOUR
2. SEMI NATURAL
HARBOUR
3. ARTIFICIAL HARBOUR

NATURAL HARBOURS:
Aharbor, is a place
whereships,boats, and bargescan
seek shelter fromstormyweather.

SEMI NATURAL HARBOUR:

Same as natural but
harbour needs some artificial and man
made construction

ARTIFICIAL HARBOUR:
Harbour having no natural
protection but artificial arrangement
are made to protect the harbour from
storm and wind.

REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD
HARBOR:
The depth of a harbor should be sufficient for

every type of visiting ships.

The bottom of harbor should provide secured
anchorage to hold the ships against high winds.
To prevent destructive wave action, break
water are provided.
The entrance of a harbor should be wide
enough to provide the easy passage of ships.

DEFECTS IN HARBOR:
Depth of water is found insufficient for

different ships.
The size of harbor is found insufficient to
accommodate the increased traffic.
Obstruction
These defects can easily be avoided at the
time of planning and designing.

SIZE OF A HARBOUR
Size depends upon:
# of ships
length:275m-300m
width:30m

HARBOUR PLANNING

It should be carried out after

collecting necessary information of the
existing features at the proposed site.
Following important facts should be
studied.

A thorough survey of the neighborhood

including the foreshore & depths of
water is necessary
Nature of a harbor wether sheltered or
not, be studied
The existance of sea insects & various
animals residing at site.

Natural phenomenas concerning

planning of a harbour are:
Storms
Rainfall
Range of tides
Maximum & minimum temperatures
Direction & intensity of wind etc

SITE SELECTION:

Following factors play a

great role in the choice of site of a
harbour.
1.Availability of cheap land & contruction
material.
2.Natural protection from waves & winds
3.transport & communication facilities
4.industrial development of the locality

5.Sea bed,sub soil & foundation

conditions
6.Avaibility of electrical energy
7.Defence & strategic aspects
8.trafic potentiality of harbour

FUNCTIONAL
CLASSIFICATION:
1.
2.
3.
4.

HARBOR OF REFUGE
COMMERCIAL HARBOR
FISHRY HARBOR
MILLITARY HARBOR OR NAVEL BASE

HARBOR OF REFUGE:
The harbor used for ships
in storms or emergency condition.
good anchorage and safe and easy
access from the sea.
e.g: DOVER IN ENGLAND

COMMERCIAL HARBOR:
Facilities for loading and
unloading of cargo are provided.
The may be:
1. Part of bigger complex harbor
2. Independent unit or single
commodity harbor.
3. Terminal as oil terminal, coal
port.

FISHRY HARBOR:
Provided for fishing crafts and
trawlers.

MILLITARY HARBOR:
This harbor is meant for
accommodating naval crafts and
serves as a supply deport.
The layout of this type of harbor
is greatly influenced by its location.

FEATURES OF A HARBOR:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Entrance Channels
Berthing Basin
Break Water
Turning Basin
Pier Head
Wharves
Jetties

ENTRANCE CHANNEL:
Depth and width are kept more at entrance
Width depends upon density of traffic and

no: of entrances

BERTHING AND TURNING

BASINS:
Berthing basins are used for the parking of

ships
While turning for the turning of ships

BREAK WATER:
The structure constructed to protect harbor

from storm waves

They are generally stone masonry

PIER HEAD:
The structure provided at the tip of break

water
Such as light house

WHARVES:
The structure constructed parallel to the

shore or break water, having wide plate

form at the top
Function is to permit berthing of vessel
along side for cargo working

JETTIES:
Same as wharves
Used for loading and unloading of cargo
Made usually from shore towards sea

water to prevent silting and dredging to

allow free flow of tidal currents

DOCK:
A dock is dug out and usually has gates so

that the water level is kept up even though

the tide has gone out.
A dock is for mooring ships for cargo or
passenger exchange, or sometimes repair.

HARBOR:
A harbour may be natural or partly dug

out, or even made with floating materials.

It doesn't have gates, but may have a
narrow entrance.
Provides safe anchoring or mooring for
ships

PORTS:
Aportis a location on a coast or shore

containing one or moreharborswhere

ships can dock and transfer people or
cargo to or from land.

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