CONSTITUTION

OF
INDIA

Indian Constitution
The constitution is the supreme
law of the country
It is a living document
containing laws and rules which
determines and describes the
form of government , the
relationships between the
citizens and the government

Framing of Constitution
Constituent assembly was formed in
November 1946 .
First meeting of constituent assembly was
held on December 9,1946.
Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as its
president on December 11,1946
Dr. B.N Rao was elected as advisor .
In August, 1947 Drafting committee of 7
members was setup under chairmanship
of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

Framing of Constitution
The constituent assembly met in sessions open
to public spread over a period of 2 years 11
months and 18 days
Constitution was finally passed and accepted on
Nov 26,1949
All the 284 members of the assembly signed the
official copies of constitution
After many deliberations and modifications over
111 sessions in 114 days all the members signed
two copies of document on January 24,1950
Finally it came into force on 26 January 1950

Father of Constitution of
INDIA
Ambedkar was the chief architect
of our constitution.
It is because of him that our
constitution covers a wide range
of civil liberties including the
freedom of religion and the
abolition of untouchability.

Structure of Indian
Constitution
The Constitution of India originally have
8 SCHEDULES;
22 PARTS;
395 ARTICLES;

Today the Constitution of India have

12 SCHEDULES;
25 PARTS ;
448 ARTICLES;

Total Amendments :-100

First Amendment in 1951
100th Amendment in April 2015

Structure of Indian Constitution

Preamble
Parts (25):1) Part I Union and its Territory (Article 1 to 4)
2) Part II Citizenship (Article 5 to 11)
3) Part III Fundamental Rights (Article 12 to 35)
4) Part IV Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 36 to 51)
5) Part IVA Fundamental Duties (Article 51 A)
6) Part V The Union (Article 52 to 151)
7) Part VI The States (Article 152 to 237)
8) Part VII States in the B part of the First schedule (Repealed) (Article 238)
9) Part VIII The Union Territories (Article 239 to 242)
10)Part IX The Panchayats (Article 243A to 243O )
11) Part IXA The Municipalities (Article 243O to 243ZG)
12)Part X The scheduled and Tribal Areas (Article 244)
13)Part XI Relations between the Union and the States (Article 245 to 263)

Structure of Indian Constitution

13) Part XII Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits (Article 264 to 300)
14) Part XIII Trade and Commerce within the territory of India (Article 301 to 307)
15) Part XIV Services Under the Union, the States (Article 308 to 323)
16) Part XIVA Tribunals (Article 323A,323B)
17) Part XV Elections (Article 324 to 329)
18) Part XVI Special Provisions Relating to certain Classes (Article 330 to 342)
19) Part XVII Languages (Article 343 to 351)
20) Part XVIII Emergency Provisions (Articles 352 to 360)
21) Part XIX Miscellaneous (Articles 361 to 367)
22) Part XX Amendment of the Constitution (Article 368)
23) Part XXI Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions (Article 369 to 392)
24) Part XXII Short title, date of commencement, Authoritative text in Hindi and

Preamble
WE THE PEOPLE OF INDIA having solemnly resolved to constitute India
into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
And to secure to all its citizens
JUSTICE, social, economic and political
LIBERTY of thought, expression , belief , faith and worship
EQUALITY of status and of opportunity
And to promote among them all
FRATERNITY assuring the dignity of individual and the unity and integrity of
the nation
IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY the twenty-sixth day of
November,1949,do,HEREBY ADOPT,ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES
THIS CONSTITUTION

Fundamental Rights(Article 1432)

Right to Equality
Right to Freedom
Right against Exploitation
Right to Freedom of Religion
Cultural & Educational Rights
Right to Constitutional Remedies

Right to Equality(Article 14-18)

All citizens of the country are equal in eyes of law.

Everyone has the equal opportunity to get the government job.
The untouchability has been abolished.
All other types of titles also have been abolished except the educational
degrees.

Right to Freedom (Article 19 to

22)
Freedom of speech and expression.
Freedom of assembly peacefully and
without arms.
Freedom to form associations and
unions.
Freedom of movement.
Freedom to reside in any part of
India.
Right to buy, keep and dispose of
property.
Freedom of profession.

Right Against Exploitation (Article

23 to 24)

No one can sell or purchase any man or woman

No one can take work from others without paying the money for his labour

Children below 14 years cannot be employed in a factory or mine or any other

dangerous work.

Right to Freedom of Religion

(Article 25 to 28)
freedom of the religion has
been granted to every
individual.
Any one can follow, practice
and preach any religion he likes
and has faith in the same

Cultural & Educational Rights

(Article 29 to 30)
The people of any part of India,
whose language or culture is
separate have the right to protect
and develop it.

Every citizen has the right to get

admission to any government
aided educational institution.

Right to Constitutional Remedies

(Article-32)
All the citizens have the right to move to the
Supreme Court or to any of the High Court
in India against the violation of fundamental
rights.
With this right the citizens are able to
protect their all the fundamental rights.
While protecting the fundamental rights
these courts can issue certain writs.

Fundamental Duties(Article 51A)

Fundamental Duties are some of
the functions to be performed by
every citizen in a country.
These duties were included in
the constitution in the year 1976
through 42nd Amendment Act.

Fundamental Duties
1) To abide by the constitution and respect its ideals
and institutions and National Flag and National
Anthem

2) To cherish and follow the noble ideals which

inspired our national struggle for freedom.

Fundamental Duties
3) People must uphold and protect the
sovereignty, unity and integrity of the
nation.

4) They must defend the country and

national service when called upon to
do so.

Fundamental Duties
5) The people must promote harmony,
brotherhood and respect the dignity
of the women.

6) They must preserve their cultural

heritage

Fundamental Duties
7) They must protect, preserve and improve
the natural environment and be
compassionate towards all living
creatures.

8) All citizens must help to develop a

scientific temper and the spirit of enquiry
and reform

Fundamental Duties
9) The people must safeguard the public
property and abjure violence.

10)The must strive towards excellence in all

spheres of life.

Fundamental Duties
11)who is a parent or guardian to
provide opportunities for education
to his child or ward, as the case
may be, between the age of six and
fourteen years
NOTE:The 11th fundamental duty was added by the 86th
constitutional amendment in 2002.

Some Facts about

Constitution of India

The Indian Constitution is the longest in the

world.

The Constituent Assembly had 284 members, out of which 15

were women. The Drafting Committee submitted the draft in
November 1949, after which they took three more years to
complete it.

The Constitution of India was handwritten and

calligraphed both in English and Hindi.

The Indian Constitution is called the bag of

borrowings.
1) From U.K. - Nominal Head President, Cabinet System of
Ministers, Post of PM, Parliamentary Type of Govt.,
Bicameral Parliament, Lower House more powerful, Provision
of Speaker in Lok Sabha.
2) From U.S.A- Written constitution, Appointment of Vice
President, Fundamental Rights, Supreme court,Judicial
review
3) From USSR- Fundamental Duties, Five year plan
4) From Germany- Emergency provisions
5) From Japan- Law on which the Supreme Court functions
6) From Canada- Federal System and Residuary powers
7) From Ireland- Concept of Directive Principles of state policy.

Our Republic day is celebrated for 3 days.

Beating the retreat marks the end of the celebration on January 29.

Thank you