Long Term Waste

Management Strategy
Toronto Multi Residential Services

Marzia Fada
Chloe Fong
Aisha Memon
Klaseld Dedja

Toronto Waste Management Plan

Over time Toronto has evolved its garbage
collection system
Last diversion plan in 2007, Target 70
In 2013, City of Toronto decided to move forward
with the creation of a Long Term Waste
Management Plan
The draft waste plan must accommodate current
needs and anticipate future needs

Development of the Waste Strategy

Developed in partnership with the community and divisional
stakeholders
Draft plan will be able to pave the way of SWMS policy decisions in
the next 30-50 years
Phase 1: Build the Foundation
Phase 2: Develop the
Strategy
Phase 3: Document and
Decide

Vision for the Future

Phase 1 Consultations helped develop a
Vision Statement:
Consultations of public, Stakeholder Group and
SWMS Senior Management

Phase 2 Consultations helped create

three Guiding Principles:
Mitigate Climate change
Treat Waste as a Resource
Prioritize our Communitys Health &
Environment

Current Waste Management System

City of Toronto delimitations
Ontario Largest City (2.6 million
people)
Extremely Diverse
City of Toronto has an Integrated
SWMS with support and services
covering from waste generation to
monitoring of closed landfills
SWM Services Division one of the
largest in North America

System Overview
Waste materials managed:
526,900 tonnes diverted
2200 tonnes of HHW
524000 tonnes of garbage

Components of the ISWMS

In a system, any changes to
one component may affect
other components.
It is essential to know their
interaction before
implementing any
changes.
External and Internal
influences include policies
and regulation
requirements.

Gaps, Challenges and/or Opportunities

Present and future are considered
Programmatic issues (improve performance measures, community
outreach, maximize use of the system without compromising future
capacity)
Facilities/Infrastructure issues (Green Lane life expectancy, IC&I
limited waste diversion, Drop-off sites implementation,
Commissioner TS)
Internal/External Pressure issues (sustainable financing strategy,

Projected Long Term Needs for the Future

Future growth of city presents both challenges and opportunities
Estimates of future quantities of waste calculated based on economic
indicators and population projections predicts increase in future
annual waste generation
City could be managing over 1.5 million tonnes annual waste
generation by 2050
Anticipated that City will require additional processing capacity after
2020 when contracts with private sector facilities expire

Multi-residential Services
Citys Solid Waste Management Services:
Blue Bin materials, Green Bin organics, Garbage, oversized items, yard waste,
electronics and household waste

Multi-residential:
9 or more units including apartments, some townhouses
Small multi-residential buildings (curbside waste collection)
Large multi-residential buildings (front-end containers for waste collection)

Portion of waste managed by private sector

Multi-residential Services - Rationale and

Importance
Gaps, challenges, and/or opportunities of provision of waste services
to multi-residential customers:
Solid Waste Services for Industrial, Commercial & Institutional (IC&I) Sector
Multi-residential Waste Diversion
Waste Reduction & Reuse
Impacts of Intensification
Enforcement

Above grouped into 3 categories: organics management, waste

collection management methods and planning, policies and
enforcement

Multi-residential Services - Recommended

Options for Implementation
Organics Management
Option 2.7: Community/Mid-Scale Composting

Waste Collection Methods

Option 3.1 Container Management

Planning Policies and Enforcement

Option 1.8: Multi-residential by-laws and Enforcement
Option 1.9: Updates to Current Multi-residential Development Standards

Organics Management
Option 2.7: Community/Mid-Scale Composting
Community composting area
Organic waste collection bins at different participating sources
Collected waste to be dropped off in these community composting areas
Final compost can be used in community gardens or local landscaping

Objectives and Benefits

Encourages community composting programs
Opportunities for community engagement and education on composting values
Produces compost that can be used in other community projects

Waste Collection Methods

Option 3.1: Container Management
Use of modern technology for more efficient container management
Live tracking of waste, recycling, and/or organics
Waste tracking device : Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Can calculate diversion rates, optimize collection frequency, reduce weekly
collection trips

Objectives and Benefits

Provides building specific data on waste management performance
Potential reduction in collection costs and traffic congestion

Planning, Policies and Enforcement

Option 1.8: Multi-residential by-laws and Enforcement
Increase enforcement efforts on waste diversion by-laws
Enact new by-laws to mandate city-wide waste diversion requirements to all multiresidential buildings

Option 1.9: Updates to Current Multi-residential Development

Standards
Review and revise multi-residential development standards
Introduce new requirements and Standards

Objectives and Benefits

City measures complement existing or new provincial regulations

Multi-residential Services - Proposed

Timeline for Implementation

Multi-residential Services
Fully implemented and operational by 2028
Additional overall objectives and benefits
Estimated 120 000 additional tonnes diverted from landfill over 10-year period
Estimated 2-3% increase in waste diversion for City

Industrial, Commercial & Institutional

Services

IC&I facilities receiving the citys WM services are less than 4 floors
and less than 500 metres square and are also eligible for the Yellow
Bag Program
Other IC&I waste materials are managed by the private sector
Challenges:
Provide IC&I sector with options that promote greater diversion and accommodate
changing waste streams and customer accessibility
Find a way for the City to influence greater waste diversion in the IC&I sector for
waste generated in Toronto but is managed outside of the citys WM system

Options to meet challenges: Options 9.3 and 9.4

Option 9.3: Expand City of Toronto Share of IC&I

WM Market to Provide Diversion Opportunities to
More Commercial Businesses in City of Toronto
Waste collection service provided by city and disposal options available
at transfer stations and at the Green Lane Landfill and curbside
collection is financed through waste utility
Eligible commercial establishments pay for collection and disposal
through the Yellow Bag program and green bin and blue bin collection
comes at no cost
Tipping fee cost per tonne at transfer stations and Green Lane Landfill
This option increases the no. of businesses eligible for City collection and
provides them with green and blue bin collection

Option 9.4: City Explores Mandatory

Approaches to IC&I Waste Diversion
Combinations of legally permissible City-wide mandatory recycling bylaws, incentives or disincentives, and/or joint enforcement efforts to
make IC&I waste diversion more effective
New regulations are expected in the next few years under the WasteFree Ontario Act

Construction, Renovation, and Demolition

Services
City provides LIMITED WM services for CRD materials

CRD materials are usually managed by private sector

Challenges:
How to better promote and facilitate diversion of CRD materials
City has tried to implement new diversion programs but has had difficulty in finding
markets to make the services viable
Constructing and operating CRD recycling facilities has failed due to lack of business
and disposal is cheaper

Options to Meet Challenges: Option 10.1 and 10.2

10.1: Depots, Processing, and Policies to Divert CRD

Waste
CRD drop-off bins at transfer stations, mixed CRD waste at higher fees
City responsible for designing, implementing, and managing bins and
contracts to have materials processed at recycling facilities
The city can either construct new facilities or take existing facilities
and retrofit
Policies and legislations for incentives to increase CRD diversion

10.2: CRD Waste Disposal Ban

Phased-in disposal bans on CRD materials at transfer stations to
ensure stable markets for the diverted materials
City will work with GTA neighbours to encourage similar bans so
material is not disposed in neighbouring jurisdictions
City will work with CRD associations to educate members about bans
and work with MOECC to ensure bans are consistent with others
under the Waste-Free Ontario Act

Primary Objectives and Benefits

Increase diversion and create local jobs
Provides low cost diversion options for home renovators and small to
medium renovators
Optimal diversion of mixed CRD waste from landfill
Enhance existing CRD recycling markets and encourage new markets
City can be a leader in developing diversion policies and programs

Thoughts and Recommendations

Live tracking of waste may prove to be far too difficult to implement
across different types of multi-residential buildings
Enforcement of by-laws and awareness towards diversion rates may
prove to be very efficient with the general public in multi residential
buildings