Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Seminar Presentation
On
Bio-Diesel Fuel
Fossil fuel
Hydrogen fuel
C. N. G.
L. P. G.
Bio-diesel
MNIT 2
PROBLEM WITH FOSSILE FUELS
LIMITED RESOURCES
PRICE HIKE
HIGH LEVEL OF ENVIRONMENT
POLLUTION
DEPENDENCE ON OTHER COUNTRIES
MNIT 3
What are Biofuels ?
Renewable fuels from bio sources
Include
– Ethanol
– Biogases
– Bio-hydrogen
– Vegetable oils (Associated Problems)
– Bio-diesel (why?)
MNIT 4
BIODIESEL vs OTHER ALTERNATE FUELS
TOTAL 98 74 73 MNIT 61 66 96 __
5
Environmental Concerns
Emissions by combustion engine (100B)
MNIT 7
What is Biodiesel?
Alternative fuel for diesel engines
Made from vegetable oil or animal fat
Lower emissions, High flash point (>300F), Safer
Biodegradable, Essentially non-toxic.
Chemically, biodiesel molecules are mono-alkyl
esters produced usually from triglyceride esters
Renewable source of energy
Fatty Acid
FA Alcohol
Glycerin
FA FA
FA Biodiesel
Vegetable Oil
MNIT 8
PETRO-DIESEL CO2 CYCLE
13 pounds of fossil CO2 released per gallon burned
Fossil CO2
Release to Atmosphere
Refining
MNIT 9
BIODIESEL CO2 CYCLE
No fossil CO2 Released ; No global warming
Renewable CO2
Biodiesel Production
MNIT 10
Biodiesel Production
Processes
Dilution
Pyrolysis
Micro-emulsion
Transesterification
MNIT 11
Transesterification
O O
|| ||
CH2 - O - C - R1 CH3 - O - C - R1
|
| O O CH2 - OH
| || || |
CH - O - C - R2 + 3 CH3OH <=> CH3 - O - C - R2 + CH - OH
| (KOH) |
| O O CH2 - OH
| || ||
CH2 - O - C - R3 CH3 - O - C - R3
MNIT 13
Standard Recipe
MNIT 14
Triglyceride Sources
Rendered animal fats: beef tallow, lard
Vegetable oils: soybean, canola, palm, etc.
Chicken fat
Recovered materials: brown grease, soapstock,
etc.
MNIT 15
Biodiesel Production
1,000
900
800
700
600
Mil gal
500
400
300
200
100
0
2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015
MNIT 17
Biodiesel Blends
MNIT 18
A Common Accepted Blending
Method
1. Diesel fuel is picked up at supplier loading rack and driven to B100
supplier.
1
Diesel
Fuel Supplier
2
Biodiesel
(B100)
Supplier
MNIT 19
Key Advantages of Biodiesel
Fuel (B100)
Made from waste products
MNIT 21
Emissions Reductions
MNIT 22
BIODIESEL-Why Lower Emissions ?
MNIT 23
BIODIESEL AND ECONOMY
Oil import constitutes a major part of our trade deficit and has an
enormous impact on our economy and creation of new jobs
MNIT 24
THE INDIAN SCENE
Annual growth rate ~6% compared to world average of 2%
MNIT 25
INDIAN INITIATIVE ON BIODIESEL
Indian Govt. has taken a serious note of Biodiesel
Planning Commission has set up committees on:-
Product development
Engine studies
Legal regulations
Plantations
Specifications
Marketing
Environmental issues
MNIT 26
Present Limitations of Biodiesel
Χ Warranties with engine manufacturers
MNIT 27
CONCLUSION
Biodiesel is an alternative fuel for diesel
engines that can be made from virtually any
oil or fat feedstock.
The technology choice is a function of
desired capacity, feedstock type and quality,
alcohol recovery, and catalyst recovery.
Maintaining product quality is essential for
the growth of the biodiesel industry.
MNIT 28
MNIT 29
MNIT 30