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1
PROJECT GUIDE :
Ms. ANJU RAJAN
GROUP MEMBERS
o ANJALY T M
o ASWATHY K L
o SREEYA MENON
o SUKANYA VASU
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
RELEVANCE
OBJECTIVES
METHODOLOGY
LITERATURE REVIEW
SOFTWARE STUDY
WATERSHED DELINEATION
ESTIMATION OF PARAMETERS
COMPUTATION OF UH
CONCLUSION
WORK SCHEDULE
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INTRODUCTION
Unit Hydrograph (UH) is the most popular and widely used method for
predicting flood hydrograph resulting from a known storm in a basin area
A UH is a hydrograph representing 1cm of runoff from rainfall of some unit duration and
specific areal distribution.
GIUH is a effective method for the derivation of UH.
Watershed parameters are basic unit which are essential for the calculation of GIUH method.
Watersheds are natural hydrological units that cover a specific aerial expanse of land surface
from which the runoff flows to a defined drain at any particular point.
ArcGIS software is an effective tool that can be used for watershed delineation
estimation of parameters
and
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LITERATURE REVIEWS
JOURNAL
AUTHOR
AIM
3.Estimation
of
Geomorphol
ogy
Parameters
for Small
Catchment
using GIS
Shagufta
akbari,
Karthik,
Venkatesh,
Ratu and
Sonam
Tobgay
and Kinley
Penjor
To
DEM
delineate the
Toposheet
study area
and generate
stream
network
To
compare
temporal
variation
geomorpholo
gical
parameters
DATA
RESULT
Geomorph
ological
parameters
where
estimated
Used to
stimulate
hydrological
response of
the
catchment
JOURNAL
AUTHOR
AIM
DATA
5.Determinat
ion of
watersheds
hydrological
parameters
using remote
sensing and
geographical
information
system (GIS)
techniques:
Case study
of Wadi Alkangar,
Sudan
M.
M. Y.
Mohamed,
H. S. M.
Hilmi and
E. S.
Ganawa
To
implement
new sound
technologies
such as
remote
sensing, GIS
and global
positioning
system (GPS)
DEM
To
determine the
hydrological
parameters.
RESULT
The
information
GPS
obtained would
be useful in site
Remote selection and
sensing
designing of
water harvesting
project with
minimum cost,
efforts and time
compared to the
traditional
methods in
addition to
giving an
accurate
results
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JOURNAL
AUTHOR
AIM
DATA
RESULTS
Compariso
n between
characteris
tics of
geomorpho
climatic
IUH
produced
using
gciuh
Based
clark
model and
clark iuh
model
To
HEC Geomorphocli
Arash
adib,
estimate
HMS
matic
meysam
runoff
software
parameters was
salarijazi , To find DSRO
studied and
ali
instantan
hydrogra
compared.
mohamaad
eous unit
ph
akhondali
hydrogra Rainfall
ph
and
To
runoff
predict
records
storm
surface
runoff
JOURNAL
AUTHOR
AIM
DATA
RESULTS
A spatially
varied unit
hydrograph
model
M. Hubail
ajward,
muzik
To
Soil
Analysed
present a
conservati
the
spatial
on service
presence
unit
(CSC)
of
hydrograp
runoff CN
velocity
h
method
field
To find
Sduring
the basic
hydrograp
storm
importanc
h runoff
event
Spatial
e of time
distributio
unit
n of
hydrograp
rainfall on
h
runoff
efficiently
impliment
ed by GIS
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JOURNAL
AUTHOR
AIM
DATA
RESULTS
To compute
the
Hortons
ratios
ArcGIS
The hortons
ratios are
calculated
using arc
GIS
to generate
the
Geomorpholo
gical
Instantaneou
s
Unit
Hydrograph
(GIUH) for
ungauged
rivers.
To create
GIUH model
for the 5th
order
stream.
Survey of I
topographi
c sheets of
GIUH
developed by
RodriguezIturbe and
Valdes
The UH was
derived
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RELEVENCE
To study watershed behavior
Used for hydrological analysis such as runoff
calculation and flood estimation
For proposing hydrological structures
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OBJECTIVES
To delineate a watershed using ArcGIS
To estimate watershed parameters
To compute unit hydrograph for the basin using
GIUH method
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METHODOLOGY
Familiarization of ArcGIS 10
Delineation of watershed
Estimation of parameters
Derivation of unit hydrograph
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ArcGIS 10
A system for capturing , storing , checking
integrating , manipulating, analyzing and displaying
data which are spatially referenced to the earth.
GIS provide a digital representation of the watershed
characterization used in hydrologic modeling.
GIS is the linking of spatial data with geographic
information about a particular feature on a map.
ArcGIS Desktop consists of several integrated
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applications, including ArcMap , ArcCatalog , ArcToolbox, and ArcGlobe.
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16
WATERSHED DELINEATION
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19
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DEM data
A digital elevation model (DEM) is a digital model or 3D representation of
a terrain's surface commonly for a planet (including Earth), moon, or
asteroid created from terrain elevation data
Georeferencing
Georeferencing is the process of assigning a raster image that can
represent a map or satellite image coordinates and spatial location.
Transform the map image to real-world coordinates
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22
.
WATERSHED PARAMETERS
STREAM ORDER
Stream order is a measure of relative size of the stream
BIFURCATION RATIO
RB= Ni / Ni+1
ELONGATION RATIO
=2/()0.5
Where, Lb is the length of the basin, A is area of the basin in sq.
km.
AREA RATIO
RA = Ai+1 /Ai
Ai is the mean area of the contributing watershed to streams of
order i
FORM FACTOR
Form factor = A/L2
Where A is the area of watershed L is the axial length of
watershed
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COMPACTNESS COEFFICIENT
Compactness coefficient = P/(2*(3.14*A)0.5)
Where P is the watershed perimeter
A is the area of the watershed
DRY DENISITY
19
25
The initial state probability accounts for a rain drop falling on any
hill slope areas, neglecting rainfalls on the channel network, in
catchment of a given order.
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PATH PROBABILITIES
Path probability is defined as the probability of a drop which
will travel all possible paths si to the outlet.
The total number of possible paths
N=2 1
P(si) = i.Pij.Pjk.Pk
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IUH= fSi*Pi
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STUDY AREA
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DATA REQUIRED
SOI TOPOSHEET
DEM (30M RESOLUTION)
WATER ATLAS
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DELINEATION OF
KRUMALI WATERSHED
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Catalog
hydrology
fill
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1
34
Catalog
direction
hydrology
flow
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35
Catalog
spatial analytic tools
accumulation
hydrology
flow
30
36
Catalog
spatial analytic tool
stream network
hydrology
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Catalog
Watershed
Hydrology
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KURUMALI WATERSHED
Delineated using Arc map
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ESTIMATION OF WATERSHED
PARAMETERS
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43
137
No of streams of order 2
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No of streams of order 3
No of streams of order 4
No of streams of order 5
1
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BIFURCATION RATIO
ORDER
BIFURCATION
RATIO (Rb)
4.029
4.250
4.000
2.000
MEAN
3.5698
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LENGTH RATIO
ORDER
NO OF
OF
STREAM
STREAM
TOTAL
LENGTH
MEAN
LENGTH
LENGTH
RATIO
137
171.7586216
1.253712566
1.801
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76.75028234
2.257361245
1.839
33.21286675
4.151608344
3.316
27.53469741
13.76734871
1.477
20.339957132
20.339957132
MEAN
LENGTH
RATIO
2.108
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422.443
121.189
ELONGATION RATIO
0.722
FORM FACTOR
0.409
COMPACTNESS
COEFFICIENT
1.663
CIRCULARITY RATIO
0.401
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AREA RATIO
A1
4.3795
A2
4.3804
A3
4.3799
A4
4.3799
Average
4.3799
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INITIAL PROBABILITY
0.372
0.184
0.187
0.180
0.076
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TRANSITION PARAMETERS
P12
0.81
P13
0.113
P14
0.061
P15
0.044
P23
0.789
P24
0.122
P25
0.088
P34
0.816
P35
0.814
P45
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Path description
a1r1r2r3r4 r5outlet
a1r1r2r3 r5outlet
a1r1r2r4 r5outlet
a1r1r3r4 r5outlet
a1r1r4 r5outlet
a1r1r2 r5outlet
a1r1r3 r5outlet
a1r1 r5outlet
a2r2r3r4 r5outlet
a2r2r4 r5outlet
a2r2r3 r5outlet
a2r2 r5outlet
a3r3r4 r5outlet
a3r3 r5outlet
a4r4 r5outlet
a5 r5outlet
Probability
0.194
0.044
0.037
0.034
0.023
0.027
0.008
0.016
0.118
0.022
0.027
0.016
0.153
0.034
0.181
0.076
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0.52
0.2
0.312
0.415
0.23
0.125
0.038
0.026
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IUH
3.48284E-05
0.000626448
0.001195158
0.001746251
0.002282708
0.002806008
0.003316664
0.003814581
0.004299292
0.004770129
0.005226327
0.005667102
0.006091705
0.006499454
0.006889756
0.007262118
0.007616155
0.007951592
0.008268256
0.008566078
0.008845081
1 hr UH
0.040869477
0.735106839
1.402461119
2.049143283
2.678650438
3.292718226
3.89194894
4.476230131
5.045016498
5.597521363
6.132847451
6.650076151
7.148327919
7.626802216
8.084802766
8.521752164
8.937198715
9.330817632
9.702408177
10.05188795
10.37928524
S HYDROGRAPH
0.040869
0.816845316
2.995282751
7.222863468
14.08822515
23.51119821
35.4236591
49.76320684
66.46912063
85.47983756
106.731453
130.1569145
155.6856874
183.2437411
212.7537501
244.1354352
277.3059911
312.1805623
348.672739
386.6950515
426.1594505
'
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1 hr UH
14
12
10
8
DISCHARGE in m3/s
1 hr UH
6
4
2
0
0
100
200
300
TIME in seconds
54
S HYDROGRAPH
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
DISCHAGE in m3/s 2500
2000
S HYDROGRAPH
1500
1000
500
0
0
TIME in seconds
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CONCLUSION
Watershed is delineated using ArcGIS
kurumali subwatershed is obtained as 5th order
Area of basin is obtained as 422.443 m2
Geomorphological parameters such as bifurcation ratio, area ratio ,
length ratio etc are obtained
ArcGIS is one of the most easiest and effective software for
delineation and parameter estimation
UH was derived using GIUH method
GIUH was found to be the most effective method for derivation of
UH especially for unguaged river
Using rainfall data and UH runoff can be estimated
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WORK SCHEDULE
WORK
MONTH
AUGUST
LITERATURE REVEIW
SEPTEMBER
SOFTWARE STUDY
OCTOBER - DECEMBER
JANUARY FEBRUARY
UH AND S HYDROGRAPH
COMPUTED
MARCH
57
WORKS TO BE DONE
Report preparation
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THANK YOU
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