SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING

(STICK WELDING)
is an arc welding process in which
coalescence of metals is produced by
heat from an electric arc that is
maintained between the tip of a covered
electrode and the surface of the metal in
the joint being welded.

SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING

(SMAW)

WELDING ELECTRODE
SHIELDING
GAS

COVERING

BASE METAL

CORE
WIRE

FUNCTIONS OF
ELECTRODE COVERING
1. Provides gas to shield the arc.
2. Provides scavengers, deoxidizers, and fluxing
agents.
3. Provides a slag blanket.
4. Provides a means of alloying elements.

CHECK AND MAINTENANCE

BEFORE WORK
1. WELDER AND EQUIPMENT
Provide correct power switch fuses.
Holder insulation must be good.
Equipment must be grounded properly.
Welding cable must not be damaged.

CHECK AND MAINTENANCE

BEFORE WORK
2. CLOTHES AND PROTECTORS
Correct working clothes must be worn.
Use safety shoes.
Proper welding face protector or goggles must
be ready for use.
Workers must wear proper gloves, arm covers,
apron and foot covers.
Use safety belts/body harness for working up high.

CHECK AND MAINTENANCE

BEFORE WORK
3. WORK CONDITIONS
Use a plate or screen to protect third parties.
Eliminate flammable or explosive matter near
the working site.
Provide proper fire extinguisher at the working
site.
Check ladders, scaffolds, and work supports for
work place higher than 2 m.

HAZARDS IN WELDING WORKS

1. Electric Shock

2. Fumes and Gases

HAZARDS IN WELDING WORKS

3. Welding Sparks

4. Arc Rays

5. General Work Area

CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

1. Electric Shock
Insulate welder. Use rubber mat or dry wood.
Use correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Do not touch electrically hot parts or electrode with
bare skin or wet clothing.
Keep electrode holder and cable insulation in good
condition.

CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

2. Fumes and Gases

Proper ventilation. 2,000 cu. ft. per min. of air per welder.
Use correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Provide room with at least 10,000 cu. ft. per welder
with a ceiling height of at least 16 ft.

CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

3. Welding Sparks
Do not weld on containers which have held combustible
materials.
Remove flammable materials from welding area or
shield.
Keep fire extinguisher in the welding area.
Use correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

4. Arc Rays
Always use helmet or mask when welding.
Use correct lenses.

FILTER SHADE SELECTION

OPERATION

Shielded Metal
Arc Welding

ARC
CURRENT
(amp)

MIN. SUGGESTED
SHADE
SHADE

60

60 - 160
160 - 250
250 - 550

8
10
11

10
12
14

CONTROL OF HAZARDS
IN WELDING WORKS

5. General Work Area

Keep cables, materials, tools neatly organized.
Connect work cable as close as possible to area where
welding is being performed.
Always disconnect power to equipment before servicing.

HOT WORK PERMITS

What is a HOT WORK PERMIT?

A written permit or authorization
before
welding
or
cutting
operations
are
allowed
in
establishments in which the area
shall be inspected by the safety
man indicating therein the
precautions to be followed to
avoid fire or accidents.

HOT WORK PERMITS

Definition:
HOT WORK is any work using open flames
or sources of heat that could ignite
materials in the work area.
Welding
Brazing
Soldering
Oxy-acetylene cutting

HOT WORK PERMITS

Procedures:
Before beginning hot
work, contact the Fire
Marshal, Safety Officer,
or Maintenance Manager
to have a How Work
Permit issued.

HOT WORK PERMITS

Effectivity:
Permits are issued for
the specific job being
done, and for a specific
time period. The time
period is usually for the
working shift, but may
never exceed twenty four
hours.

CUTTING WELDING HOT WORK PERMIT

This form is to be fill out in its entirety by the responsible person actually performing the HOT WORK and
then brought to the Safety Officer for approval prior to beginning the project.

Company:
Responsible Person:
Work to be performed:
Is it possible to perform this work in the shop?
Yes____
No____

Date:
Start time:
Building:
Room Number, Area or Equipment:

Please place a check mark if the following items have been completed
Flame or spark-producing equipment to be used has been inspected and found in good repair. ____
Sprinklers, whre provided, are in commission and will not be taken out of service while this w ork is being
done. ____
There are no combustible fibers, dusts, vapors, gases or liquids in the area. Tanks and equipment previously
containing such materials have been purged. The absence of gases or vapors has been verified by a
combustible gas detection instrument. If there is a possibility of a leak developing in nearby piping,
equipment, or tanks, this area is being continuously monitored. Call the Safety Officer if assistance is
needed to test area. ____
Fire alarms w ill not be taken out of service while work is being performed. If alarm system must be
inactivated during work then Safety Officer will be contacted prior to taking alarm out of service so that a
suitable fire watch can be coordinated. Under no circumstances will fire alarms be taken out of
service without contacting the Safety Officer. ____
The work w ill be confined to the area or equipment specified on this permit. ____
Surrounding floors have been swept clean and, if combustible, wet down. ____
Contractor has ample portable fire extinguishers available and trained personnel to use them. ____
All combustibles have been relocated 35 feet from the operation and the remainder protected w ith metal
guards of flame-proofed curtains or covers (not ordinary tarpaulins). ____
All floor and wall openings within 35 feet of the operations have been tightly covered. ____
Responsible personnel have been assigned to provide a Fire Watch for dangerous sparks in the work area,
as well as on floors above and below w hile work is being performed. ____
Arrangements have been made to provide a Fire Watch to patrol the area, including floors above and
below , duringany lunch or rest period and for at least one-half hour after the w ork has been completed.
____
I attest that the above precautions have been taken
_____________________________________
Person Responsible for Performing Hot Work
Approved
_____________________________________
Name of Safety Officer and Date

NOTE: This permit expires 24 hours after the designated start time.
If work is to continue another permit must be issued.