400/220 KV POWER GRID SUBSTATION JAIPUR

A
SUMMAR TRANING PREASENTATION
SUBMITTED TO
INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &TECHNOLOGY
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

SUBMITTED TO :
SUBMITTED BY :
MR.SANJAY SHARMA
CHAND MEENA
( Seminar in-charge)
12EIAEE115

TARA

SUB -STATION
Substations take the electricity from power
plants and from the transmission lines and
transform it from high to lower voltage. They
distribute electricity to consumers and
supervise and protect the distribution network
to keep it working safely and efficiently. for
example by using circuit breakers (the
industrial strength equivalent of the humble
fuse) to cut power in case of a problem.

Single line diagram

Example of substation
.765 KV
. 400 KV
. 220 KV
. 132 KV
. 66 KV
. 33 KV
. 11 KV

Classification Of Substation
.Basis of Nature of Duties:
1.Step Up or Primary substation
2.Primary Grid substation
3.Step Down or distribution substation

.Basis of services Rendered:

1.Transformer Substation
2.Switching Substation
3.Converting substation

 Basis of Importance:
1.Grid Substation
2.Town Substation
Classification On Operating Basis Voltage:
1.High Voltage Substation
2.Extra High Voltage Substation
3.Ultra High Voltage Substation
Classification On Basis Of Design:
1.Indoor type Substation
2.Outdoor Type Substation

Equipment Of Substation
Lightning Arrester
Capacitor Voltage Transformer
Wave Trap
Current Transformer
Main Bus-Bars
Switchgear
Circuit Breaker
Power Transformer
Isolators
Insulators

Type Of Lightning Arrester

Horn Gap Arrester
Multi Gap Arrester
Valve Type Arrester
Pellet Type Arrester
Expulsion Type Arrester

Wave Trap
Power line carrier communication
Exchange of data and transfer message between
substation
Wave trap Trapping the unwanted signals

Current Transformer
Current transformer is the type of
instrumentation transformer that
is used in power system to measurement
protection & detection the system.
It is device used to measure the large current
by scaling large primary current to a smaller
easy to measure ,secondary current.

Type of current transformer

3 Type :
1. Wound Type- Transformer primary winding is physically
connected
in series with conductor that carriers the measured
current flowing
in circuit.
2. Split-core Type- These do not contain a primary
winding .current
flowing through a window or holes in split core
transformer.

Accuracy
The accuracy of current transformer ratio of cost is
affected
by no. of factor including .
. Burden
. Saturation class
. Temperature
. Physical configuration.

Application
The are commonly use in power system.
measurement
Protection
Control circuit
Residual current device
(RCD) ,Ground fault circuit
interrupter (GFCI)

Capacitor Voltage Transformer

A capacitor voltage transformer (CVT, CCVT) is
transformer used in
power system to step down extra high voltage signal and
provide low
voltage signal for metering or operating a protective
relay.

Application
1. It is useable extra high voltage.
2.It also use in communication system (PLCC).
3. It use in power system to controlling device.

Power transformer
Power transformer is main device of an power system
.The power
transformer work on electromagnetic induction.
This is main function of high voltage convert in low
voltage like. Step
down and step up as per requirement .

Type of Cooling
Air
Air
Air
Air

natural oil natural

force oil natural
natural oil force
force oil force.

Parts of power transformer

1.Radiators = for cooling purpose.

2.Breather =for absorb moisture in air.

3. Buchholz relay= for protection purpose when temperature

increase in oil
then work is.

4.Conservator tank= for use of oil maintain.

Isolator
Isolator is used to ensure that an electrical circuit is
completely
de-energized for services or maintenance.
such that are often used found in electrical distribution
and industrial application.
It always operate on no load.

Circuit Breaker
Circuit breaker use in power system.
Circuit breaker is an automatically electrical switch.
It protect an electronics circuit from damage caused by
over load
short circuit.
It basic function is to detect a fault condition and
interrupt current
flow.

Relay
Relay is mainly use in power system ,Transmission line.
Solid state relay control power circuit with no moving
parts instead
using a semiconductor device to perform switching.
Relay with calibrated operating characteristics and
sometime multiple
Operating coils are used to protect electrical circuit from
overload
and any fault conditions.
First relay application was use in long telegraph

Type of relay
1. Overload relay.
2. Distance relay.
3. Thermal relay.
4. Solid state relay.
5. Vacuum relay.
6. Buchholz relay.
7. Mercury relay.
8. Differential relay.

Bus Bar System

In electrical system transmission bar Is metallic strip or
bar (copper,
brass, aluminum ) that conduct electric conduct in
switch yard ,battery
bank or other electrical devices.
It is main purpose to conduct a substantial current of
electricity ,
and not to function as a structural member.

 Corona ring =To maintain the corona loss.

Y
R
E

U
Q ?
Y
?
N ?