A FRAME WORK

Application of GIS in
Wastewater Treatment Plant
Urban
Area
(Aplikasi GIS Dalam Siting
Penentuanin
Lokasi
Pengolahan
Air
Limbah Perkotaan)
Intan Madya Ratna
Master-DD Program of CIVIL ENGINEERING

RESEARCH TOPIC
Site Suitability Analysis for a
Central Wastewater
Treatment Plant(S) In
Metropolitan Area Using
Geographic Information
System

WASTEWATER
Wastewater, is any water that has been
adversely affected in quality by
anthropogenic influence. Wastewater can
originate from a combination of
domestic, industrial, commercial or
agricultural activities, surface runoff or
storm water, and from sewer inflow or
infiltration
-WIKIPEDIA-

WASTEWATER
TREATMENT PLANT
Wastewater treatment plant
is a place to process
/convertwastewater- which
is water no longer needed
or suitable for its most
recent use - into an effluent
that can be either returned
to thewater cyclewith
minimalenvironmental
issues or reused
-WIKIPEDIA-

Geographic
Information System
(GIS)
A geographic
information system (GIS) is a
system designed to capture,
store, manipulate, analyze,
manage, and present all types
of spatial or geographical data.

G.O.A.L.S
The study was to help
solve the problem of siting
wastewater treatment
plants in Urban Area

INTRODUCTIO
N

This study will presents the use of Geographic

Information

Systems

(GIS)

in

selecting

suitable sites for the construction of a central

wastewater treatment plant(s)
For this purpose,

several variables were

analyzed using GIS technology.

This method present here, can also be used in
checking the suitability of selected sites or new
areas

for

the

purpose

wastewater treatment plants.

of

constructing

A Suitable Location
What is that ???
Suitable Location for water treatment plant, is a
location that :
Is not likely to pose any health threat to the
environment as well as the people.
Large enough for locating central wastewater
treatment plant(s).
Accessible
No negative aesthetic effect to the city
Gain the support of the people

Key POINT :
Metropolitan area has high
population of people
People activity in metropolitan
area raise more number of
wastewater than in other area
Most of metropolitan area lacks in
water treatment plant due to
limited land

Objectives/Sasaran
The study also considered the following sub
objectives :
Ascertain the factors that are considered in
selecting a site.
Determine what would be the best site(s) based
on multi-criteria decision making algorithm
Examine the attitude, knowledge and perceptions
of residents on wastewater treatment plants

METHODOLOGY
the application of GIS (multi-criteria decision
making) in modelling these factors in order to
arrive at locations that are suitable for locating
wastewater treatment plants.

RESULT
The result is a composite map, which highlights the
areas that satisfy all suitability criteria.

DATA

REQUIRED:

1. slope,
2. land cover,
3. distance to existing major roads,
4. distance to rivers and lagoon,
5. distance to existing major populated
communities and
6. distance to airport facilities.

Flow Chart Diagrams

Step-by-Step

Slope

Mild slopes would result in, higher hydraulic residence

times and thus higher pollutant removal capacity.

To minimize pumping costs and improve the overall

efficiency of the wastewater treatment plant a
maximum slope value of 10% was considered based on
officials guidelines.

Digital Elevation Model

Slope Grid Of The Study Area (Classify)

Selected Areas In Terms Of Slope Less Than 10%

(GENERALIZATION)

A 2000-m buffer around existing populated areas

3000-m Buffer Around Airport in AMA

Land Cover Map

Selecting Area Based on Land Cover

Map

A 90-m river, 300-m lagoon

Buffer Zone

A 300-m Road Buffer

Zone

OVERLAY
1. Having examined all the different variables in the
study area and maps created for each based on
criteria identified,
2. The final analysis was carried out using the overlay
function in ArcMap provided by the ArcGIS
program.
3. The result is showing the areas that meet all the
previously specified criteria and are suitable for
the construction of a central wastewater treatment
plant in certain Metropolitan Area.

Selected Areas for Central Wastewater

Treatment Plant

RESULT
Any final decision at the sub-metro level should be
based on more detailed examination on each
selected sites, involving a ranking of all possible sites
using non-exclusionary criteria.
The opinion of the people in the local communities
should be taken into consideration in making the
final decision to use any site for the construction of
the treatment plant.
Education of the local people is also very vital as it
informs them on the essence

of the installation

of the treatment plants and how they would have to

handle them.