THE PARAGRAPH WRITING

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FOUNDATION ENGLISH 2

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

TYPES OF PARAGRAPH
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Three types of paragraph:

Narrative paragraphs tells a story (what happened

before, during and after)

Descriptive paragraphs describe what something looks

like

Expository paragraphs writing to explain something to

the reader. (comparing 2 things/people, showing steps in a

process, analysing something, persuading)
ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

GENERATING IDEAS
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Brainstorming
Can be done individually or in groups
Think and write down a lot of ideas without worrying about

what they are, how they are ordered, or even whether you
will use them.
One person record(recorder), as others come up with ideas.
It is important to note all the ideas

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

Freewriting
Start with a word or phrase
Write down anything you can think of - related to the topic
Write sentences in which one word leads to the next
Dont worry about grammar, punctuation, or spelling
Most important aspect is not to allow yourself to stop
ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

PARAGRAPH
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What is a paragraph?
Topic sentence
The body (supporting sentence)
Concluding sentence

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

Topic Sentence
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Main idea
One sentence
Can be at the Beginning, Middle or at the End of the

sentence

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

Has two parts:

Topic
Controlling idea
Example:
New York is a fun place to be on New Years Eve.
New York has a great entertainment.
New York is the worlds most famous city.
ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

Supporting Sentence
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Support the topic sentence

Expand the main idea
Develop the main idea
Giving evidence
Describe the main idea
Giving idea to the main idea
ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

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Most common ways to support topic sentence:

Use facts or statistics
Examples
Personal experience

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

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Two types:
Major supporting sentence main details that tell us
about the topic
Minor supporting sentence tell us more about the

major supporting sentence

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

Concluding Sentence
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A restatement of the topic sentence may not

possible to restate the topic, but possible to restate

the controlling idea
Or, summarise the main points in the body of the

paragraph
Finalise the paragraph

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

CLAUSES
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A complete sentence must have an independent clause

What does it means?

Independent: able to stand alone; not dependent on
something
Clause: a group of words containing a subject and a verb
Independent clause: a group of words that contains a

subject and a verb and that can stand alone.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

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Example:
Sentence
Most people look forward to long holiday weekends
Not a sentence

When we spent a long holiday weekend in the

mountains

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16

Coordinating Conjunctions
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Combine two independent clauses into one by using

a comma and a coordinating conjunction.

F
A
For and

N
nor

B
but

O
or

Y
yet

S
so

When these words are use to connect independent

clauses, they are preceded by a comma.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

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However,
Use comma only when the first sentence is an
independent clause( subject & verb). If it doesnt has a
subject and verb, do not use comma.
Example:
Annie got up late and forgot to call her mother on
Mothers day.

ENGLISH LANGUAGE A-ENG 1001

22/04/16