Physiology of Ren

The function of kidney :

1. Set the volume and composition of blood an excrete a substance
selectively dissolved and water.
2. Maintain the osmolality of plasma by varying water excretion.
3. Maintain the volume of ECF and blood pressure with change natrium
excretion.
4. Maintain plasma of ph about 7.4 and removing excess hidrogen and
forming back carbonate.
5. Excretion the final product of nitrogen from metabolism of protein
(urea, uric acid and creatinin).
6. Secretion and synthesis of hormone Renin, Eritropoitin,
Prostaglandin, Degradation of polipeptide, Insuline, Glucagon,
Parathormon, ADH and hormone of Gastrointestine.
7. Maintain amount of ion in the body, Na, Ca, K, Cl, HCO3,SO4,PO4
8. Excretion degradation of drugs

 Renin : maintain of blood pressure.

Eritropoitin : Stimulate production of
red blood by Bone marrow.
Prostaglandin : Vasodilator.
Spesific metabolism in change
vitamin D in to active 1,25-dihidroksivitamin D3. Its a hormon that trigger
absorbtion Calsium in intestines.

Production of urine
Filtration in Glomerulus
Process filtration of plasma (almost free from
protein) from capilary of Glomerulus to
Capsule bowman.
Reabsorbtion Tubule
Moving of the plasma from lumen of tubule
to the plasma of capilarry peritubule
Secretion tubule
Moving the sat from capilarry plasma to
lumen of tubule

Filtration
Membrane gromelurulus : fenestra layers
capilarry endotelial, basal lamine, diaphragm,
gap of layers epitel in capsule bowman.
Membrane is very permeable with water and
crystalloid,and isnt permeable with big molecular
(plasma protein).
Glomelular filtrate : free from protein, there is
amount crystalloid = plasma.
There is a little ablumin; across membrane with
diffusion.
20% plasma = 19% absorbed+1% excreted

Filtration factor
1. Starling force (filtration pressure) :
Pressure that stimulate filtration:
hydrostatic pressure in capilarry
glomerully onkotic pressure in
bowman capsule
Pressure that obstruct filtration :
Hidrostatic pressure in bowman
capsule, onkotic pressure of plasma
protein in capilarry glomerully.

Filtrate Glomerully Rate

Amount of filtration fluid in to
capsule bowman each time. 125
ml/minute
LFG influenced by :
Net filtration pressure: pressure and
current of kidneys blood.
Coeffisien of filtration: wide surface
capilarry glomerully that can do
filtration. &permebaility membrane
of capsule bowman

Control of LFG
A maintan of bood rate in arteriol
kidney
Autoregulation LFG
Hormone and otonom nerve

REABSORBTION
99% glomerully filtration fluid
absorbed back by tubule, 1 %
excretion.
Reabsorbtion : proximale tubule,
waith ion canal, active transport
pump Na, K, ATPase
Glucose= simport natrium, difusi
terfasilitasi
Urea = passife difution.

Augmentation
Counter substance didnt needed
body by kontortus tubule.
Is like ion H+ K+ in urine secunder.
Its for ph buffer.

Secretion
Moving mocule from CES to lumen of
nefron
Supended of transport membrane
Secretion process: diffution particle
from peritubulus capilarry to
interstitium.

Excretion
Concentration of particle on
a.renalis>v.renalis
Renal clearence : volume of plasma
(ml) across kidney that clearence
from particle in the each time. Its for
evauation the function of kidney.

Counter current
Loop of henle
Na transported in exit pars ascendens, interstitium
liquid in loop of henle become tight.
Water cant follow natrium exit pars ascendens.
Filtrate become liquid.
Curved pars ascendens is permeable to water . water
leaving this section and flow by the concentration
gradient into the interstitial space . This causes fluid
concentration descendens pars . While flows into pars
ascendens , liquid through liquefaction.
The final result is tight interstitium fluid in loop of
henle.