Lecturer: Engr.

Said Osman Mohamed

Faculty of Engineering : Department of Electric Power
Engineering
Topic: Standby UPS
Class: BE-03
Names of Presenters
ID: No
1. Abdullahi Mohamed Samatar
066
2. Adam Kassim Mohamed
098
3. Jabir Abdikarim Hussein
085
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Content Outline :
Why do we need a UPS ?
Why do we need a UPS?
What are some examples of a critical system ?
Introduction
Block diagram of UPS
Standby UPS diagram
Uninterruptible Power Supply
Standby UPS
Protection by UPS
Types of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems
UPS Performance Characteristics
Conclusion

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Why do we need a UPS ?

To keep critical systems running during
mains
disturbances .

What are some examples of a critical system ?

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Security companies .
Financial institutions .
Military installations .
Hospital operating theatres .
Government .
Telecommunication

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Introduction
AnUninterruptible
alsoUninterruptible

Power
Power

Supply,
Source,UPSor

battery/flywheel backup, is an electrical apparatus

that provides emergency power to a load when the
input power source, typically theutility mains, fails.

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UPS

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Block diagram of UPS

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Standby UPS diagram

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(Uninterruptible Power Supply)

(Uninterruptible Power Supply) A device that provides battery
backup when the electrical power fails or drops to an
unacceptable voltage level. Small UPS systems provide power
for a few minutes; enough to power down the computer in an
orderly manner, while larger systems have enough battery for
several hours

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Standby UPS
Standby power is electrical power that a device consumes
when not in present use, but plugged in to a source of
power and ready to be used. Standby power consumption is
the amount of such power that is used even though the
power drainage is not apparent. The terms apply to
appliances such as television sets, computers, computer
peripheral s, and various other devices, including those that
use battery chargers. Standby power is expressed in watt s
(W).

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An uninterruptible power supply, also uninterruptible

power source, UPS or battery/flywheel backup, is an
electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a
load when the input power source, typically mains power,
fails. A UPS differs from an auxiliary or
emergency power system or standby generator in that it will
provide near-instantaneous protection from input power
interruptions, by supplying energy stored in batteries,
supercapacitors, or flywheels. The on-battery runtime of
most uninterruptible power sources is relatively short (only a
few minutes) but sufficient to start a standby power source
or properly shut down the protected equipment.
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A UPS is typically used to protect hardware such as computers,

data centers, telecommunication equipment or other electrical
equipment where an unexpected power disruption could cause
injuries, fatalities, serious business disruption or data loss. UPS
units range in size from units designed to protect a single computer
without a video monitor (around 200volt-ampere rating) to large
units powering entire data centers or buildings. The world's largest
UPS, the 46-megawatt Battery Electric Storage System (BESS),

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Protection by UPS
Nearly all modern power protection is done by
UPS .
There are basically two types of static UPS :
On line or double conversion .
Standby or NBPS or single conversion .

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Types of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems

Electricalpowersupplyinterference

cancomeinarangeofforms,suchasvoltagedipsandsurges,harmonics,
orvoltagespikes.Thesedisruptionscancauseseriousharmtosensitive
electricalequipment,particularlyduringthecriticalprocessingor
productionstagesofanoperation.Toreducetheriskofpowersupply
distortion,uninterruptiblepowersupply(UPS)systemsareoften
incorporatedinelectricalnetworks.

Manufacturersofelectronicpowersuppli
es

:providereliable,high-qualitypowerflowforsensitiveelectricalload
equipmentandarecommonlyfoundinindustrialprocessingapplications,
medicalfacilities,emergencyequipment,telecommunications,and
computerizeddatasystems.AUPSsystemcanbeahelpfultoolfor
ensuringproperpowersupplyperformance.
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Industrial UPS
For use in industrial/manufacturing situations, such as plant facilities
and factories
Medical UPS
Used in hospitals and medical centers, Medical UPS systems are incredibly
important, as they support life-support systems and other critical equipment
Computer and Communication System
Foundinserverfarmsandwebhostingsites,alongwithphonecompanies,
computer/communicationUPSisprobablythemostcommonlyknownto
theaverageperson,buttheyrangefromthosemadeforahome-office.
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Military Specification (MIL-SPEC)

Miliary grade UPS systems are certified for quality under the MIL-SPEC certification.
They are used in military operations throughout the world.
High Temperature
As the name implies these systems are specially suited for high temperature situation

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UPS Performance Characteristics

UPS systems may be necessary in situations where power fluctuations or outages
frequently occur because they can provide backup power circuitry that keeps vital
systems operational in case the power supply is cut off. Under conditions involving short
fluctuations or voltage disruption, the UPS can maintain constant power to keep loads
running, and if electrical failure occurs, it activates reserve power to keep systems
operating until they can be safely shut down. In addition, these UPS systems can often
also reduce the risk posed by harmonic disruptions and line transients.
An effective UPS usually includes several of the following features:

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Regulatedoutputvoltagewithlowharmonicdistortionunaffectedbyinput
voltageorloadchanges
Aninputcurrentwithreducedharmonicdistortion
Alowdegreeofelectromagneticinterferenceandacousticnoise
Minimaltransitiontimesbetweennormalandbackupoperations
Highlevelsofreliabilityandefficiency
Relativelylowcost,weight,andsizerequirements
Althoughmostindividualpowersupplysystemscannotprovideallofthese
featuressimultaneously,itisusuallypossibletofindaUPSwiththe
characteristicssuitedtoanapplicationsneeds.TheDepartmentofEnergys
OfficeofScientificandTechnicalInformationprovidesmoreinformation
onharmonicsmeasurements.

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standby UPS
StandbyUPS,alsoknownasoff-lineorline-preferredUPS,typicallyconsists
ofanAC/DCandDC/ACinverter,abattery,astaticswitch,alowpassfilterto
reduceswitchingfrequencyfromtheoutputvoltage,andasurgesuppressor.
ThestandbysystemoperateswiththeswitchsettingtheACinputasa
primarypowersource,andalternatingtothebatteryandinverterasbackup
sourcesincaseofprimarypowerfailure.Theinverternormallyremainson
standby,onlyactivatingwhenthepowerfailsandthetransferswitch
automaticallyswitchestheelectricalloadtothebackupunits.Thistypeof
UPSsystemprovidesahighdegreeofefficiency,smallsize,andrelativelylow
costs,makingitacommonoptionforpersonalcomputing.

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Conclusion
Standby power is electrical power that a device consumes when
not in present use, but plugged in to a source of power and ready
to be used. Standby power consumption is the amount of such
power that is used even though the power drainage is not
apparent. The terms apply to appliances such as television sets,
computers, computer peripheral s, and various other devices,
including those that use battery chargers. Standby power is
expressed in watt s (W).

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Conti..
UPS systems may be necessary in situations where power
fluctuations or outages frequently occur because they can
provide backup power circuitry that keeps vital systems
operational in case the power supply is cut off.
In addition, these UPS systems can often also reduce the risk
posed by harmonic disruptions and line transients.

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Conti..
Different UPS types are appropriate for different
applications, and that there is no single UPS type
that is ideal for all applications. With the variety of
UPS topologies on the market today, these
guidelines will help clear confusion about how each
topology operates and the advantages and
disadvantages of each. There are significant
differences in UPS design between available
products on the market, with theoretical and
practical advantages for different approaches.
Nevertheless, the basic quality of design
implementation and manufactured quality are often

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END
Thanks more

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