Session 1.

b
Introduction to
Disaster
Risk Management

United Nations Asian and Pacific Training Centre for Information and Communication Technology for Development

Basic Definitions, Terms

&
ICT
At the end of this session,
Learning
Objectives

you should be able to

define:

Define disaster,
hazard, risk, elements
at risk, vulnerability,
capacity, response,
relief, rehabilitation,
reconstruction,
mitigation,
preparedness and
prevention
Understand ICT needs
in disaster Risk

Basic
1.
Hazard
Terminology

2. Disaster
3. Risk
4. Elements At Risk
5. Vulnerability
6. Capacity
7. Response
8. Relief
15.
9. Rehabilitation
11. Reconstruction 16.
12. Development
17.
13. Mitigation
18.
14. Preparedness

Prevention
Disaster Risk
Management
Disaster Management
Recovery

Hazard
Phenomenon or situation,
which has the potential to
cause disruption or
damage to people, their
property, their services
and their environment

There is a
Hazards are the result of an
potential for
interaction between human
occurrence
activities and the
natural and technological processes of an event
that can generate extreme events.

Disaster
Serious disruption of
functioning of society,
causing widespread
human, material or
environmental losses,
which exceed the
ability of the affected
people to cope using
their own resources.

r
e
h
t
i
e
t,
n
e
v
e
An
or
e
d
a
man-m sudden or
,
l
a
r
u
t
na
,
e
v
i
s
s
progre
g
n
i
s
u
a
c
d
a
e
r
p
r
o
l
a
wides
i
r
te
a
m
,
n
huma
l

Vulnerability
-Vulnerability a condition or sets
of conditions that reduces peoples
ability to prepare for, withstand or
respond to a hazard

Risk

Risk A probability
that a communitys
structure or
geographic area is to
be damaged or
disrupted by the
impact of a
particular hazard, on
account of their
nature, construction
and proximity to a
hazardous area.

Capacity

re
a
s
e
i
t
i
Capac
e
v
i
t
i
s
o
p
s
those
e
i
t
i
l
i
b
a
r
o
n
o
i
t
i
d
con
a
e
s
a
e
r
c
which in
y
t
i
l
i
b
a
s

ty
i
n
u
m
m
s.
co
d
r
a
z
a
h
h
t
i
w
l
a
e
to d

Hazard x

Vulnerability Disaster
=
Risk
Capacity

Elements at Risk
Persons,
buildings, crops
or other such like
societal
components
exposed to
known hazard,
which are likely
to be adversely
affected by the

Response
re
a
t
a
h
t
d
s
n
e
a
r
u
h
s
rc
a
e
Mea
s
s
in
a
d
,
s
e
r
r
i
o
v
i
v
r
requ
u
s
c
f
i
s
o
a
e
b
rescu meet the
,
r
e
t
a
w
o
,
t
r
l
e
l
t
e
l
e
w
h
s
.
r
e
o
r
f
a
s
c
need d health
n
a
d
o
fo

Relief
Actions taken immediately following the
impact of a disaster when exceptional
measures are required to meet the basic
needs of the survivors.

What is the difference

between
1. Recovery
2. Rehabilitation
3. Reconstruction

Recovery
The process
undertaken by a
disasteraffected
community to
fully restore
itself to predisaster level of
functioning.

Rehabilitation
Actions taken in
the aftermath
of a disaster to:
assist victims to
repair their
dwellings;
re-establish
essential
services;
revive key
economic and
social activities

Reconstruction
Permanent
measures to
repair or
replace
damaged
dwellings and
infrastructure
and to set the
economy back
on course.

Rehabilitati
on

Reconstructio
n

Mitigation
Mitigation measures taken
prior to the
impact of a
disaster to
minimize its
effects
(sometimes
referred to as
structural and
non-structural
measures).

Mitigation

Land Use
Manageme
nt

Structural
Mitigation

Preparedness
Measures taken in anticipation of a
disaster to ensure that appropriate and
effective actions are taken in the
aftermath.

Disaster Risk Management

A broad range of
activities designed
to:
Prevent the loss of lives
Minimize human
suffering
Inform the public and
authorities of risk
Minimize property
damage and economic
loss

Example : Identify Information needs for appropriate

and adequate Risk Reduction Measures :
Risk Assessment (HVCA)
1. Review HVCA

2. Prioritize
elements at
risk

3. Identify
possible risk
reduction
measures

6. Rank measures
and reach
consensus

To ensure the
appropriateness
and relevance of
the risk reduction
measures

5. Compare
measures with
resources, skills,
organizational
mandate, etc.
4. Check which
V are
addressed and
which C are
22
used