Organic Light Emitting Diode

Organic light emitting
diode
Presented By:Mitali Mohanty
Branch-E.T.C
Registration no.-1101289241
9/20/2014
Organic Light Emitting Diode
Contents
Introduction
What is OLED?
Birth of OLED
History
Architecture of OLED
How OLED works?
Types of OLEDs
Advantages and disadvantages
Current, future scope
Conclusion
9/20/2014
Introduction
Imagine having high-definition TV
8O inches wide
less than a quarter inch thick
consume less power &
can be rolled up when u are not
using
Is it possible??
Yes, it is possible by using OLED technology
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Before technologies
In this field first came the small LED displays (which can
show only the numeric contents)
Then came heavy jumbo CRTs ,which are used till now.
the problem is they are very heavy, bulky, couldnt carry
them form one place to other place.
Next to CRTs LCDs came into existence. which are lighter in
weight compare to CRTs. the drawback in LCDs is the
efficient result is obtained only in some particular
directions.
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What is OLED?
OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode

An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive
electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic
compounds.
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Birth of OLED
First successfully created by Ching
Tang and Steve Van Slyke in 1987 at
Kodak Labs.
First tests very efficient, simple to
make
Showed potential for displays
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History
First developed in the early
1950sinFrance
1960sACdriven
electroluminescent cells was
developed
In 1987 Chin Tang and Van
Slyke introduced the first light
emitting diodes from thin
organiclayers.
In 1990 electroluminescence in
polymerswasdiscovered.
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Architecture of OLED
Substrate:(clearplastic,glass,
foil)Thesubstratesupports
theOLED.
Anode(transparent):The anode
removes electrons (adds
electron "holes") when a
current flows through the
device.
Cathode(mayormaynotbe
transparentdependingonthe
typeofOLED)Thecathode
injectselectronswhenacurrent
flowsthroughthedevice.
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Organiclayer:
o
Conducting layerThis layer is made

of organic plastic molecules that
transport "holes" from the anode. One
conducting polymer used in OLEDs is
polyaniline.
EmissivelayerThislayerismadeof
organic plastic molecules (different
ones from the conducting layer) that
transport electrons from the cathode;
this is where light is made. One
polymer used in the emissive layer is
polyfluorene.
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How OLED works?
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10
Types of OLEDs
Passive-matrix OLED
Active-matrix OLED
Transparent OLED
Top-emitting OLED
Foldable OLED
White OLED
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11
Passive-matrix OLED
Perpendicular
cathode/anode
orientation
Light
emitted
intersection (pixels)
External circuitry
strip
at
Turns on/off pixels
External circuitry
Large power consumption
Used on 1-3 inch screens
Alphanumeric display
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12
Active-matrix OLED
Full layers of cathode,
anode, organic
molecules
Thin Film Transistor
matrix (TFT) on top of
anode
Internal circuitry to
determine which
pixels to turn on/off
Less power consumed
then PMOLED
Used for larger
displays
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13
Transparent OLED
Transparent substrate,
cathode and anode
Bi-direction light
emission
Passive or Active Matrix
OLED
Useful for heads-up
display
Transparent projector
Screen
glasses
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14
Top-emitting OLED
Non-transparent or
reflective substrate
Transparent Cathode
Used with Active
Matrix Device
Smart card displays
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15
Foldable OLED
Flexible metallic foil or
plastic substrate
Lightweight and
durable
Reduce display
breaking
Clothing OLED
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16
White OLED
Emits bright white
light
Replace
fluorescent lights
Reduce energy
cost for lighting
True Color Qualities
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Advantages
Muchfasterresponsetime
Consumesignificantlyless
energy
Abletodisplay"TrueBlack"
picture
Widerviewingangles
Thinnerdisplay
Bettercontrastratio
Saferfortheenvironment
Haspotentialtobemass
producedinexpensively
OLEDsrefreshalmost1,000
timesfasterthenLCDs
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Disadvantages
Lifetime
White, Red, Green 46,000-230,000
hours
About 5-25 years
Blue 14,000 hours

About 1.6 years
Expensive
Susceptible to water
Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD
market
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19
Current Research for OLEDs

o Manufacturersfocusingon
findingacheapwayto
produce
o
"RolltoRoll"
Manufacturing
o Increasingefficiencyof
blueluminance
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20
Applications of OLEDs
TVs
CellPhonescreens
ComputerScreens
Keyboards(Optimus
Maximus)
Lights
PortableDivice
displays
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21
Future Uses for OLED

Lighting
Flexible/bendablelighting
Wallpaperlightingdefiningnew
waystolightaspace
Transparentlightingdoublesasa
window
CellPhones
Nokia888
ScrollLaptop
NokiaconceptOLEDLaptop
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22
Conclusion
Research and development in the field of
OLEDs is proceeding rapidly .

And this may lead to the future application
in heads-up displays, automotive

dashboards, billboard type displays, home
and office lightings and flexible displays .
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23
Reference
Http://thetechjournal.com/electronics/gbrings-worlds-largest-55-
incholed -hdtv-panel-in-ces-2012.xhtml,accesed:February 2012

Http://www.agasonia.com/index.php?prm=40200,accessed:Mart
2012
Http://www.konicaminolta.com/about/research/oled/development
/indexhtml,accessed:february
2012
Http://www.docstoc.com/docs/74013021/an-overview-of-OLED.Dis
play-technology,accessed:April
2012
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24
Thank
you
9/20/2014
25
Any queries
?
9/20/2014
26

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Organic light emitting

Presented By:Mitali Mohanty