Presentation Task:

Heat Exchanger
Presented By
Muhammad
Awais 14A2110098

Muhammad Ilyas 14A2110059

Muhammad

Waqas 1A2110033
Abdul
Rehman 14A2110044

Presentation Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Introduction
History
Types
Failures in Heat Exchangers
Maintenance
safety Precautions
Snaps
Thanks

Introduction:

A heat exchanger is a device built for efficient heat

transfer from one medium to another. The media
may be separated by a solid wall, so that they never
mix, or they may be in direct contact. They are
widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air
conditioning, power plants, chemical plants,
petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural
gas processing, and sewage treatment. One
common example of a heat exchanger is the
radiator in a car, in which the heat source, being a
hot engine-cooling fluid, water, transfers heat to air
flowing through the radiator (i.e. the heat transfer
medium).

Types of Heat
Exchanger:
1 Shell and tube heat exchanger
2 Plate heat exchanger
3 Adiabatic wheel heat exchanger
4 Plate fin heat exchanger
5 Pillow plate heat exchanger
6 Fluid heat exchangers
7 Waste heat recovery units
8 Dynamic scraped surface heat exchanger
9 Phase-change heat exchangers
10 Direct contact heat exchangers
11 HVAC air coils
12 Spiral heat exchangers
13 Trim Cooler
14 K Type Re-Boiler
15 G-Fin Heat Exchanger

Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger:
Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a series
of tubes. One set of these tubes contains the fluid
that must be either heated or cooled. The second
fluid runs over the tubes that are being heated or
cooled so that it can either provide the heat or
absorb the heat required. A set of tubes is called the
tube bundle and can be made up of several types of
tubes: plain, longitudinally finned, etc. Shell and tube
heat exchangers are typically used for high-pressure
applications (with pressures greater than 30 bar and
temperatures greater than 260C).This is because
the shell and tube heat exchangers are robust due to
their shape.

Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger:

Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger:

Types of Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger
There are two main types of Shell
and Tube Heat Exchanger.
1. I Type Heat Exchanger
2. U Type Heat Exchanger

Introduction of I Type Heat

Exchanger
The

other name of I Type Heat

Exchanger is Straight tube heat exchanger.
The tubes are installed in I type Heat
exchanger are I Shape.
Most Common use of I type Exchanger
on viscous products for example (FFO,
Bitumen, Asphalt etc)
But it Can Also a good efficiency on NonViscous Products (Naphtha, Kerosene,
HSD, LCR, MCR, TCR, JBO etc)

I Type Heat Exchanger

Parts of I Type Heat

Exchanger
1.

Channel Head Cover

2 .Channel Head
3. Tube Sheet
4. Baffle Plates
5. Tie Rods
6. Spacers
7. Floating Head
8. Floating Head Cover

Parts of I Type Heat

Exchanger:
9.

Suction and Discharge

Connections
10. Vent Connection
11. Temperature and Pressure
Gauges Points
12. Saddles
13. Shell
14. Tubes
15. Gaskets

Advantages and Disadvantages

of I Type Heat Exchanger
Advantages:

Easy for cleaning

Good Efficiency on Viscous Products
Disadvantages:
3. High Maintenance Cost
4. Difficult to Maintenance
1.
2.

Introduction of U Type
Heat Exchanger:
In

U Type Heat Exchanger the

tubes are in U Shape.
The Most Common Use of this type
of Heat Exchanger is on Non-Viscous
Products for example naphtha,
kerosene, HSD, JBO etc

U Type Heat
Exchanger:

Important parts of U Type

Heat Exchanger:
1.Channel Head
2. Tube Sheet
3. Tubes
4. Baffle Plates
5. Tie Rods
6. Spacers
7. Shell
8. Suction and Discharge Connection
9. Temp. and Pressure gauges connections
10.Air Vent Connections

Advantages and Disadvantages

of U Type Heat Exchanger:
Advantages:

Good Efficiency on Non-Viscous

Products
2. Easy to maintenance
3. Low maintenance cost
Disadvantages
4. Low efficiency on Viscous products
5. Difficult for maintenance
1.

Failures in Heat
Exchanger:
Major Problems
1. Chocking and scaling in tubes
2. Leakage from gaskets
3. Leakage from inlet and outlet
connection
4. Mixing of Both Fluids(One is
flowing in tubes and other is flowing
in Shell side)
5. Temperature control problem

Maintenance of Shell and

Tube Heat Exchanger:
Chocking and Scaling in tubes:
The main problem in Shell and
tube type heat exchangers is
chocking and scaling.
The solution of this problem is
cleaning of Tubes Bundle and inner
side of Shell

Types of Cleaning:
Mechanical

(Physical) Treatment:
Chemical Treatment:

Mechanical Cleaning
Hydro

jetting machines are used for

mechanical cleaning.
For External cleaning of tube bundle
and internal cleaning of shell hydro
jetting gun is used.
For Internal cleaning of Tubes Rotary
lenses and flexible lenses are used.

Equipments for Mechanical

Cleaning:
1 Hydro Jetting Machines
2 Hydro Jetting Guns
3 Rotary Lances
4 Flexible Lances

Hydro Jetting Machine:

Hydro Jetting Machine:

Hydro Jetting Gun:

Rotary Lances:

Rotary Lances:

Flexible Lances:

Flexible Lances:

Chemical Cleaning:
Synthetic

polymers called dispersants are used to

disperse the foul ants. These included
polyacrylate, polymaretes, partially hydrolyzed
polyacrylamides and their copolymers
Natural dispersants, such as tannirs, liguin
suffocate, and carboxymethyle cellulose are also
used but are lesser effective than synthetic
dispersants.
The major sources of organic fouling are oils and
biological species. However, the most detrimental
fouling is the biological fouling due to its peculiar
fouling and corrosion characteristics

Safety Precautions:
Safety

Precautions during
maintenance
Safety Precautions During
Operations
Safety Precautions during Loading
Unloading
Safety precautions during repairing

Safety Precautions During

Maintenance:
For

performing any type of activity our

first step is work permit.
Check equipment is de pressurized and
flushed
Check proper tools for performing job.
Check working area condition
If job is on height then use safety
harness and use proper plate form
First insure that the technician is a
trained person

Safety Precautions during

operation:
Insure

that after maintenance equipment

passed from Inspection
After maintenance equipment De-Isolated
All gauges are installed and air vents are
closed and drain points Installed
In working condition check any leakage
from gaskets or Body.
If a hot product is flowing in the equipment
body then ensure that equipment is proper
isolated with Insulation

Safety Precautions During

Loading, Un-Loading:
Check

Load lifting equipment is load

tested and certified from inspection.
Load lifting equipment accessories
are in good condition
Lifting lugs of equipment are in good
condition
Check qualified riggers are
performing this job

Safety Precaution During

Loading, Un-Loading:

Safety precautions during

repairing:
Check
Tools
Check

working area

those persons are performing

this activity are qualified and
experts.

Snaps of Heat
Exchangers

Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger

U Type Heat Exchanger

Under repairing.

U Type Heat Exchanger

Under repairing.

Loading, Un-Loading of Heat

Exchanger Tubes Bundle

Welding of Tube ends with

tube sheet:

Plate Heat Exchanger:

Flow in Plate type Heat

Exchanger:

Flow in Plate type Heat

Exchanger:

Plate type Heat

Exchanger:

Phase-change heat
exchangers:

Phase-change heat
exchangers:

Spiral heat exchangers:

I Type Heat Exchanger

Thanks