GEOGRAPHICAL

INFORMATION SYSTEMS
(GISS)

Outline:
1- Definition
2- Functions and Applications
3- Integrations ( ? +? =?)
4- GIS in Egypt

Presented by: Noha Ahmed El-

sayed Nagi
1- DEFINITION
 A GIS is a computer-based system for
capturing, storing, checking, integrating,
manipulating, and displaying data using
“digitized” maps.

 It’s main characteristic:

Every record or digital object has an identified
geographical loction.
2-FUNCTIONS: (4) AND APPLICATIONS:
(6 AREAS)
 Functions:
1- design and planning
2- decision modeling>>>> as GIS visualize data for
easy use to decision makers
3- database management (DBM)
4- and spatial imaging

 Applications:
1. design and engineering
2. strategic planning and decision making
3. transportation and logistics
4. Demographics and market analysis
5. Facilities management
6. Surveying and mapping
3- INTEGRATIONS
 GIS+DBs (called geocoding) = can generate information for
planning, problem solving and decision making.
A DB is called a geographic database (geodatabase) : where GIS is based
on a structured database that describes the world in geographic terms.
Figure:

 GIS+ internet/ intranets = GIS provided on the web

(http://www.digitaleg.com)

 Emerging GIS applications:

• GIS + GPS = enables vehicles or aircraft equipped with a GPS receiver
to “Pinpoint” their location as they move
• Application of GIS+GPS = L-commerce (location based commerce)
where advertising is targeted to an individual whose location is known
4- IN EGYPT:
EXAMPLES OF CURRENT GIS USE IN EGYPT
(2005)
[For capacity building and natural resource management]

 ((1 ))GIS for capacity building: have a focus

on building the country’s human resource
capacities.
 Projects like:
 1. The Educational Buildings Project:
16 years ago, the Ministry of Education initiated a project
to develop GIS that would provide information on the
status of educational buildings. (like: level of education,
school maps ,developed programs to analyze the
buildings’ requirements, and to help determine
underserved areas and needed facilities. )
 2. The CAPMAS GIS
The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and
Statistics (CAPMAS) developed a system that covers
five governorates through a computer network. It
enables the governorates to more easily engage in
various planning and monitoring operations.
 The impacts of projects of this nature have not been
tested yet nor reached the level required to make
them interesting for the general public.
 Figure:
 ((2)) GIS for natural resource
management:
Projects like:
 1-Egyptian Italian Environmental Cooperation Program
(EIECP), Phase II :aims to strengthen the capacity of national
and local institutions to effectively ((manage water
resources)).

 2-The MELMARINA Project: Making management tools

for aquatic resources in North Africa: Its overall objective is
to develop an ecosystem monitoring mechanism that aims to
((develop early warning tools measuring and modelling
sustainable development in the coastal areas; assess and
model the impact of human activities on water availability,
distribution and quality; and others)).
TO SUM UP
 Still can’t see what we are talking about??
 “ Have you ever see this American
movies when they are tracing a missile
on the map . GIS Is the thing to do such
things”
THANKS FOR
LISTENING

Sources:
1-Text Book: Information Technology For Management
4th Edition
Turban, McLean, Wetherbe (CH.11)
2-
www.iisd.org/pdf/2005/networks_dev_connection_egypt.pdf
3- http://www.gis.com/content/what-gis
4- http://www.gis.com/content/what-can-you-do-gis
5- http://gisegypt.blogspot.com/2006/12/what-is-gis.html