An Najah National University

Telecommunication Engineering Department

comparison of binary shift keying techniques

Prepeared by : Suhad Malayshi

Raghad foqha
Ola mashaqi
submitted to Dr. Allam Mousa

What is digital modulation?

The techniques used to modulate digital information so that it can be transmitted
via microwave, satellite or down a cable pair are different to that ofAnalogue
transmission .

Metode fundamentale de modulare digitala:

Binary Amplitude shift keying

(on-off keying)

advantage: simplicity
disadvantage: ASK is
very susceptible to noise
interference noise usually
(only)affects the amplitude,
therefore ASK is the
modulation technique most
affected by noise
application: ASK is used
to transmit digital data over
optical fiber

Frequency Shift Keying

Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation
scheme (conveys information over a carrier wave by
varying its instantaneous frequency) in which digital
information is transmitted through discrete frequency
changes of a carrier wave .

FSK is the most common form of digital modulation in the high

frequency radio spectrum, and has important applications in
telephone cct.
Amodemconverts the binary data from a computer to FSK for
transmission over telephone lines, cables, or wireless media.
Shifts are usually in the range of 50 to 1000Hz.
demodulation:
demodulator must be able to determine which of two possible
frequencies is present at a given time
advantage:
FSK is less susceptible to errors than ASK receiver looks for
specific frequency changes over a number of intervals, so
voltage (noise) spikes can be ignored
disadvantage:
FSK spectrum is 2 x ASK spectrum
application:
over voice lines, in high-freq. radio transmission, etc.

BFSK ( Binary Frequency Shift Keying )

General form of BFSK is :

A cos(2f1t ), binary 1
s (t )
A cos(2f 2t ), binary 0
Here , in BFSK, the 1 is called the mark frequency and the
0 is called the space frequency.

The optical field of FSK form is :

The total B.W of FSK is

given by :
2f + 2B, where B is the bit rate.

Phase Shift Keying

Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a method of digital communication in
which thephaseof a transmittedsignal is varied to transmit
information. There are several methods that can be used to do PSK.

The simplest PSK technique is called binary phase-shift keying

(BPSK). It uses two opposite signal phases (0 and 180 degrees).
The digital signal is broken up timewise into individual bits (binary
digits).

BPSK

Applications on PSK
Thewireless LANstandard

 Awireless local area network(WLAN)

links two or more devices using some
wireless distribution method ,and usually
providing a connection through an access
point to the wider Internet. This gives users
the mobility to move around within a local
coverage area and still be connected to the
network. Most modern WLANs are based
onIEEE 802.11standards, marketed under
theWi-Fibrand name. WLANs were once
called LAWNs (for local area wireless
network) by the Department of Defense.

 Wireless LANs have become popular in the

home due to ease of installation, and in
commercial complexes offering wireless
access to their customers; often for free

Differences
FSK vs PSK
less susceptible to interference .
easier to generate with modern electronics
BFSK requires twice the bandwidth of BPSK
power fsk is better compared to psk
but
it is expensive

ASK
Simplicity
low implementation costs
conserving power.

FSK vs PSK noise immunity?

you need to define a quantitative metric that has a
level playing field between the two, such as
measuring the systems' bit-error rate versus the
signal to noise ratio

Eb/N0(theenergy per bit to noise power spectral density ratio

THANK YOU
Questions