CONTENTS

1 Introduction
2 LTE Planning
3 LTE Optimization

Page 1

INTRODUCTION

:: LTE Technology

LTE (Long Term Evolution) is initiated by 3GPPi to improve the mobile phone
standard to cope with future technology evolutions and needs

Ensuring

Page 2

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)

Frequency domain equalization
SC-FDMA (Single Carrier FDMA)
MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output)
Multicarrier channel-dependent resource scheduling
Fractional frequency reuse

INTRODUCTION

:: Network Architecture

Main Network Element of LTE

o The E-UTRAN Consists of e-NodeBs, providing the user plane and
control plane
o The EPC Consists of MME ,S-GW and P-GW

Network Interface of LTE

o The e-Nodes are interconnected with each other
by means of X2
Ensuring
interface, with enabling direct transmission of data and signaling.
o S1 is interface between e-Nodes and the EPC,more specifically to
the MME via the S1-MMME and to the S-GW via the S1-U

Page 3

Compare with traditional 3G network,LTE architecture

becomes much more simple and flat which can lead
to lower networking cost, higher networking flexibility
and shorter time delay of user data and control
signaling.

INTRODUCTION :: LTE Features

Improved support for mobility, exemplified by

support for terminals moving at up to
350 km/h (220 mph) or 500 km/h (310 mph)
depending on the frequency band

Peak download rates up to 299.6 Mbit/s DL

and upload is 75.4 Mbit/s depending on
the user equipment category (with 44
antennas using 20 MHz of spectrum).

Supports at least 200 active data clients in

every 5 MHz cell

Low data transfer latencies (sub-5 ms l

latency for small IP packets in optimal
conditions)

Support for MBSFN (Multicast-broadcast

single-frequency network). This feature can
deliver services such as Mobile TV using the
LTE infrastructure, and is a competitor for
DVB-H-based TV broadcast

Page 4

Planning:: LTE Coverage Planning Flow

LTE has same coverage planning flow with
traditional wireless technology

Page 5

Planning:: LTE Radio Network Planning Main Steps

Dimensioning

Preplanning
Inputs: Coverage, Capacity &
Service Requirement
Outputs: eNodeB coverage
radius and site numbers
based on capacity calculation

Detailed Planning
Inputs: Calculated coverage radius, digital
map and subscriber distribution information
Outputs: Preliminary eNodeB numbers

Inputs: Coverage target and site survey result

Outputs: Actual site location and engineering parameters

Page 6

Planning:: Detail LTE Radio Network Planning

Preparation
Preparation

Agreement
achieved by
the operator
and Huawei

Coverage area (Dense urban, Urban, Suburban )

Quality objective (QoS criteria)
Capacity requirement (Subscriber, traffic model)
Link budget parameters (Penetration loss, Propagation model)

Background Interference Test (optional)

Propagation model tuning (optional)

Site location/ RF parameters configurations

Search ring specifications
prediction & Simulation
Cluster definition for project management

Detailed
Detailed Planning
Planning

Link budget
Capacity dimensioning
Site numbers/configuration
Cell radius in each morphology
Network development solution

Nominal
Planning

Site survey/candidate site search

Neighbor cell configuration
Cell parameters configuration
Algorithm configuration

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The output of
dimensioning is
important criteria to
assess RNP solution

The operator provides:

Naming conventions
Existing sites information

Network
Network Deployment
Deployment

Planning:: LTE Radio Network Planning OutPut

Input
Coverage Requirement
o
o
o
o

Site Type

Coverage Area
Polygon Definition
Cell Edge Throughout
Coverage Probability

Power/Channel

eNodeB Number

Capacity Requirement
o
o
o

Active user

Frequency bandwidth
Subscriber forecast
Traffic Model

S1&X2 throughput

Page 8

Planning:: Link Budget Raw Data & Procedure

Page 9

Planning::Link Budget

Page 10

Planning::System Parameter Configuration

Page 11

Planning::Capacity Parameter Configuration

Page 12

Planning::Pre-Sale Simulation

Page 13

Planning ::Coverage Simulation Reslut

Through the link budget, we can get the cell radius in

different morphologies. In our planning we have used
the limiting coverage radius from DL, UL & MAP
Channel coverage radius

Page 14

LTE Optimization :: RSRP Drive Test Results

Perform drive tests in zero-load environments to obtain

the distribution of signals on test routes. Then, find a
weak coverage area based on the distribution, as
shown in the figure.
Adjust RF parameters of the eNodeB covering the area.

Through the link budget, we can get the cell radius in

different morphologies. In our planning we have used
the limiting coverage radius from DL, UL & MAP
Channel coverage radius

Page 15

LTE Optimization :: SNR Plots

This measurement is intended to provide a

cell-specific signal Interference metric, This
measurement is used as an input for handover
and cell reselection decisions, for example in
scenarios for which RSRP measurements do
not provide sufficient information to perform
reliable mobility decisions.

Through the link budget, we can get the cell radius in

different morphologies. In our planning we have used
the limiting coverage radius from DL, UL & MAP
Channel coverage radius

Page 16

LTE Optimization :: Summary

RF optimization involves adjustment of neighboring cell lists and engineering parameters.

Most coverage and interference problems can be resolved by taking the following measures (sorted in
descending order by priority):

Adjusting antenna tilts

Adjusting antenna azimuths
Adjusting antenna height
Adjusting antenna position
Adjusting antenna types
Adding TMAs
Adjusting site position
Adding sites or RRUs

Through the link budget, we can get the cell radius in

different morphologies. In our planning we have used
the limiting coverage radius from DL, UL & MAP
Channel coverage radius

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