Five year plans for rural

development
Farhana.K

8TH SEM, 4TH YEAR

B. PLAN, SPA VIJAYAWADA

Rural
development in
India

In ancient times, the rural people in India were organized into selfsufficient, hard working, cooperative, happy village republics.
Village system utterly destroyed during the British regime.
Independent India has pledged to establish a socialistic pattern of
society through planned development.
Rural development, therefore occupies priority in the agenda for rural
development in India for more reasons than one.
Hence emphasis of rural development in five year plans were done.

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First five year plan (1951-56

CDP covered the areas of

development of agriculture,
horticulture, animal
husbandry, fisheries,
forestry, rural and cottage
industries and promotion of
health, sanitation,
communication and
education.
It was a multi-purpose one,
but placed emphasis on
agricultural production .
Despite its multi-faceted
nature, the programme
mainly focused on the
economic improvement of
the rural poor.

The First Five Year Plan was basically a simple

exercise of putting together programmes,
targets and outlays, and it provided the first
milestone in rural development through the
launching of the Community Development
Programme
and National
Extension Serve.
COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
AND RURAL EXTENSION
PROGRAMME
The Community Development Programme (CDP) was the first
concrete effort drawn up for the development of rural areas,
immediately after the formation of the Planning Commission in 1950
under the chairmanship of Jawaharlal.
Community Development is the method and Rural Extension the
agency through which the Five Year Plan seeks to initiate a process of
transformation of the social and economic life of the villages.
Through this programme, the rural people directly participated in the
solution of their common problems and united the community efforts
with those of the Government for their betterment.
The Plan provides Rs. 90 crores for community projects and
proposes the establishment over a period of about ten years of a
network of extension workers throughout the country.

Second five year plan

(1956-61)

Major programmes of
rural Reconstruction
The Khadi and Village
Industries Programme
Village Housing Projects,
Scheme, Tribal Area
Development Programme

The Second Plan laid strong emphasis on industry.

The idea was that this strategy will relieve the
excess population in rural India. The strategy sought
to increase employment in heavy Industry and the
capital
The main
objectives
of that
the Plan
were:
increase of 25% in the
goods
sector, so
the load
onan
the
national income,
rapid
with particular
agricultural
sector could
beindustrialisation
lightened.
emphasis on the development of basic and heavy industries,
large expansion of employment opportunities, and reduction
of inequalities in income, wealth and more even distribution.
The Intensive Agricultural District Programme
The intensive Agricultural District Programme (IADP) was introduced
in 1962 with all the essential elements for increasing production to
the extent needed. The objectives of IADP are:

Package Programme

To emphasise the necessity for government policies that could

provide farmers incentives,etc.

Intensive Agricultural
District Programme

To put together a package of practices with the resources and

competence of all cultivators and then recommended through
extension workers for the farmer's adoption.
To create new institutions oriented to and capable of providing all
the cultivators with the services and inputs related to the
recommended package of practices.

Third five year

plan
( 1961-66 )

Among the priorities listed in the Third Plan, it was generally

recognised that agriculture had the first place. Thus in its Initial
formulation at least, the Third Plan differed from the Second
Plan. It is generally recognised that there was a general deemphasis of agriculture in the Second Plan. The Third Plan
attempted to reverse this.

Programmes
Applied Nutrition
Programme,
The Rural Industries
Projects,
Intensive Agricultural
Area Programme,
High Yielding Variety
Programme,
Rural Works Programme,
Tribal Development Block
Programme

The Applied Nutrition Programme was introduced in the rural

areas in 1962 in collaboration with UNICEF and some other
agencies.

The main ingredients of the programme were production and

distribution of nutritious food.

Besides, the programme also activated education and

consumption of nutritious food
The beneficiaries of the programme were the pre-school
children and the pregnant and nursing mothers.
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Fourth five
year plan
(1969-74)
Crash Scheme for
Rural Employment,
Drought Prone Area
Programme,
Small Farmers
Development Agency,
Tribal Area
Development Agency,
Pilot Intensive Rural
Employment
Programme,
minimum Needs
Programme

The planning and agricultural transformation strategy came to be

implemented during the course of the Fourth Plan and was more
popularly known as the Green Revolution in agriculture. Even as
(lie Green Revolution in agriculture was ushered, it was realised
that distributive Justice still remained a distant dream .
DPAP is an area development programme, Initiated in 1970 to
mitigate the severe scarcity conditions in the selected chronically
drought affected areas in the country.
Cash scheme for rural development , This is a centrally sponsored
scheme initiated in 1971 to provide employment to at least 1000
persons in each of the selected Districts for a period of 10 months
in a year.
A central sector scheme the Pilot Intensive Rural Employment
Project (PIREP) was started and implemented in areas having
different socio-economic conditions on a pilot basis.
SFDA and MFALDA to improve the economic conditions of small and
marginal farmers and agricultural labourers by assisting them to
rise their agricultural out put through adoption of agricultural inputs
including agriculture implements, development of minor irrigation,
subsidiary occupation schemes

Fifth five year

plan (1974-79)
Programmes

Special Livestock
Production
Programme,
Food for Work
Programme,
Desert Development
Programme
Training of Rural Youth
for Self-employment.

The Fifth Plan was formulated against the backdrop of severe

inflationary pressures. The major objectives of the plan were to
achieve self reliance and adopt measures for raising the
consumption standard of people living below poverty line.

SLPP was initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture in 1975-76 on the

basis of the recommendations of the national Commission on
Agriculture. The programme aims at providing greater
employment opportunities to the weaker sections and the rural
masses.
(DDP) was started in 1977-7g3 with the objective of controlling
desertification and development of conditions for raising the level
of production, income, and employment of people of the areas
covered under it.
(TRYSEM ) is launched on 15 August, 1979,designed as a tool for
transforming rural youth into a productive force and it is wowed
as a facilitating component of IRDP. The main aim of the
programme is to equip the rural youth with necessary skills and
technical knowledge to enable them to take self-employment in
different vocations."

Sixth five year

plans(1980-85)

The major rural development programs during this period were

Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP), National Rural
Employment Programs, Development of Women and Children
in Rural Areas (DWCRA) and the 20-Point Program.

Programs:

The National Rural

Employment Program
The New 20- Point Program
The Rural Landless
Employment Guarantee
Program

The Plan laid stress on rural development and its strategy and
methodology for accelerating rural development consists of:
Increasing production and productivity in agriculture and allied
sectors
Resource and income development of vulnerable sections of the
rural population by providing them access to assets, inputs and
marketing services
Skill formation and skill upgrading programs to promote self and
wage employment amongst the rural poor
Provision of additional employment opportunities to the rural
poor for gainful employment during the lean agricultural season
through NREP
Povision of essential minimum needs.
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Seventh five
year plan(198590)
The major rural
development programmes
during this Plan Period
were:
Integrated Rural Energy
Planning Programme,
Special Livestock Breeding
Programme, Jawahar
Rosgar Yojana, Mllion Wells
Scheme and Indira Awas
Yojana.

The Seventh Plan envisages the continuance and expansion of

the antipoverty program like NREP,IRDP,RLEPG
Rural development and poverty alleviation programmes
Poverty alleviation continued to be a central concern in the
Seventh Plan.
Growth of employment opportunities, human resource and
infrastructure development, removal of inequalities, an
expanded system of food security, increase in productivity in
agriculture and industry, participation of people in
development arid substantial improvement in agricultural
and rural development administration were identified as
priority areas.
To reduce unemployment and consequently the incidence of
poverty, special programmes like Jawahar Rozgar Yojana
were launched in addition to the existing programmes. Due
recognition was accorded to the role of small-scale and food
processing industries can play in this regard.

Eighth five year

plan (1992-97)
Objectives
Prioritize the specific sectors
which requires immediate
investment
To generate full scale
employment
Promote social welfare
measures like improved
healthcare, sanitation,
communication and provision
for extensive education
facilities at all levels
To check the increasing
population growth by
creating mass awareness
programs
To encourage growth and
diversification of agriculture
To strengthen the
infrastructural facilities

RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND

POVERTY ALLEVIATION
Faster economic growth.
Faster growth of
manufacturing sector and
agriculture and allied
sectors.
Significant growth rates in
exports and imports
improvement in trade and
current account deficit,
significant reduction in the
Central Governments fiscal.

ACHIEVEMENTS

Rise in the
employment level
Poverty reduction
Self-reliance on
domestic resources
Self-sufficiency in
agricultural production
GDP Growth Per
Annum 5.6

IRDP,
Jawahar Rosgar Yojana,
Indira Awas Yojana
Million Wells Scheme.

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Ninth five year

plan (1997-2002)
Objectives:
Priority to agriculture
and rural development
with a view to
generating adequate
productive
employment and
eradication of poverty.
to generate adequate
employment
opportunities
to stabilize the prices
to ensure food and
nutritional security

Poverty
Alleviation
Rural
Priority to
agriculturein
and
rural
India
:
Programmes
and
development with a view to generate
Strategy
adequate productive employment
and eradication of poverty. There
was emphasis on the seven identified
(BMS). These included:
1.

Provision of safe drinking water,

2.

Availability of primary health

service facilities,

3.

Universalisation of primary
education,

4.

Public housing assistance to

shelter-less poor families,

5.

Nutritional support to children,

6.

Connectivity of all villages and

habitations and

7.

Streamlining of the public

distribution system with a focus on

Achievements
A combined effort of
public, private, and
all levels of
government
ensured the growth
of India's economy.
Service sector
showed fast growth
rate

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Tenth five year

plan (2002-07)
Some of the priority
areas of actionwere:
1. Investment in
irrigation/water
management.
2. Fertilizer pricing.
3. Improving the
effectiveness of Sarva
Sikhya Abhiyan (SSA).
4. National Rural Health
Mission.
5. Oil Pricing.
6. National E-Governance
Plan.
7. Small scale industry etc.

Rapid Poverty Reduction

This plan has a number of new features that includes

thefollowing:
1. The plan recognises the rapid growth in the labour force. It aims at
creating 50 million job opportunities during the period, by placing special
emphasis on employment intensive sectors of agriculture, irrigation,
agro-forestry, small and medium enterprises, information and
communication technology and other services.
2. The plan addresses the Issue of poverty and the unacceptably low levels
of social indicators.
3. The Tenth Plan has adopted a differential development strategy. For the
first time, state-wise growth and other monitor able targets have been
worked out in consultation with the states to focus better on their own
development plans.
4. The Tenth Plan has identified measures to improve efficiency, unleash
entire energy and promote rapid and sustainable growth. Agriculture is to
be the core element of the Tenth Plan.
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Reference:
Rural development during planning period-Document
National 5 year plans

THANK
YOU

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