by

Ali H. Al-Gadhib

Civil Engineering Department

KFUPM
 Presentation Flow

• Concept of Load / Capacity Envelope

• Dimensional Incompatibility Behavior
• The Specialist Formulator
• Total Package Solution
• Concrete Repair Systems
• Criteria for Selection of Repair Materials
• Conclusions
The Specialist Formulator

Is one who employs materials scientists and

chemists to take basic materials from the
petrochemicals, plastics, cement, aggregate, and
other related industries and tailor them into
useful repair materials which can be applied in as
simple a manner as possible on site.
 INVESTMENT ON R&D
Company I Company II
4% of the total annual turnover 4% of the total annual turnover
= =
Result of 46 Repair Material
 Tensile stress relief through
Tensile Stress tensile creep

Time
Elements of a cementitious ‘repair package’
 Typical Properties
For Acrylic Reinforced Cementitious, Flexible
Waterproof Coating
 Polymer Modified Cementatious
Repair Mortar
(1) The shrinkage compensation agent is included to
counteract the natural phenomenon of contraction
due to low of moisture. These agent have two
distinct mechanism to wok at plastic.
(2) Silica fume is to impart dense matrix and enhance
water tightness or wall is increase strength.
(3) Polymer is added in powder form to increase
flexibility, adhesion, and water tightness.
(4) Microfibers to impart flowability and badge cracks.
(5) Pulverized superplasticers to increase workability
after a low which ratio.
 Reinforced Concrete Repair
and it Protection Systems
• Modified cementations
• Polymer modified cementations
• Polymer fiber modified cementations
• Epoxy – base resin
• Epoxy – cementations repair
• Crack injection
• Micro concrete
• Corrosion inhibitors
• Protective systems
• External strengthening
 Physical Properties of
Repair Materials

Polyester resin grouts Polymer modified

mortars and concretes, cementitious systems

Compressive strength (N/mm2) 55-110 10-80

Compressive modulus (kN/mm2)
6-15
Flexural strength (N/mm ) 2
25-30 2-8
Elongation at break (%) 8-17
− −
25-35 × per
Linear coefficient of thermal expansion 10 6 oC 8-20 × 10 6
Water absorption, 7 days at 25o C (5)
Maximum service temperature under50-80 load (o C) 100-300

Rate of development of strength at 20 C

2-6o hours 1-7 days
 Companies of Concrete Repair

✔1) Degussa Company

✔ www.degussa.com
2) Sika Company
www.sika.com
3) Fosroc Company
www.fosroc.com
Indices for Durable Repair

• Repair Diffusivity
• Free Drying Shrinkage
• Free Specific Tensile Creep
• Repair Tensile Strength
• Tensile Modulus of Elasticity
 No matter how superior the
repair material system,
it can not go beyond and bypass
the quality of workmanship