 Explain the difference between

infectious disease and noninfectious

disease

 Identify 5 ways you might come into

contact with a pathogen

 Discuss 4 methods that have helped

reduce the spread of disease
 Non-infectiousDisease: cannot spread
from one person to another
› Ex: cancer; heart disease

 Infectious Disease: can be passed from

one living thing to another
› Ex: Chicken Pox, Common Cold
 Pathogen: a microorganism, organism,
virus, protein that causes disease

 Thereare many ways pathogens can

be passed:
› Air
› Contaminated Objects
› Person to Person
› Animals
› Food and Water
 Sneezes

 Coughs

 1000’sof tiny droplets can be passed

through the air
 Drinking glass

 Keyboard

 Doorknob, combs, towels…

 Bacteria or viruses can be left behind

after their use
 Kissing

 Shaking hands

 Touching

 Pathogens made be spread through

direct contact
 Ringworm (fungus)

 Ticks (Lyme Disease, Rocky Mountain

Spotted Fever)

 Mosquitoes (Malaria)

 Some pathogens are carried by animals

 Untreated drinking water (Cholera)

 Bacteria
or parasites growing in food
(Salmonella; E. coli)

 Takespecial care to refrigerate foods,

cook properly, wash all surfaces
 Thereare a variety of technologies to
prevent the spread of pathogens

 Ex:boiling water, UV radiation, ,

chemical use help to stop the spread of
disease
 Louis Pasteur (mid 1800’s) –
microorganisms caused wine to spoil
(bacteria)

 Pasteur devised a method using heat

to kill bacteria: pasteurization

 Milkis pasteurized to kill unwanted

bacteria
 Edward Jenner (1700’s) – studied Smallpox

 Found that people that had been infected

with cowpox seemed to be protected
against small pox

 People had developed a resistance to the

disease

 The ability to resist or recover from an

infectious disease: Immunity
 Jenner’s work led to the first modern
vaccine

 Vaccine: a substance that helps your

body develop immunity to a disease

 Vaccines contain pathogens that are killed

or specially treated

 Allows your body to develop an immune

response
 Used to treat bacterial infections

 Antibiotics can only kill or slow the

growth of living things

 Ex: we take antibiotics to treat Strep

throat