Seminar on

AIRBORNE WIND ENERGY SYSTEMS

K.NAVEEN KUMAR
1005-15-745312
M.E TURBOMACHINERY
OSMANIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

OSMANIA UNIVERSITY

Contents
Introduction
Characteristics of the Airborne Wind Energy
Resource
Types of Airborne Wind Energy
Systems(AWES)
Discussions
References

Introduction
Airborne=moved or conveyed by or through
air
AWE:Capturing of High Altitude Energy in the
air without a tower, thus benefiting from more
mechanical and aerodynamic options.

Characteristics of wind energy

Wind Energy P 1 V 3
2

P=Power

=Density of Air

V=Velocity of wind

Altitude Vs Wind Speed

i.e At Higher altitude high power
can be generated

Kite-gen Stem
AMPYX Power
Skysails Power

NTS
Energies

Makani Power
Job Energy

Altaeros Energy
Sky wind Power

HAWE SYSTEMS

Ground Generation

Fly Generation

Fixed-ground-station systems

Pumping cycle
The kites angle of attack will be changed so it can be
reeled in to its starting position with minimum drag.

flying 8-patterns
Reel-out phase

1
3 4
P (VW Cos )
G 2C L A
2
27

P=Optimal Power,Vw=Wind Speed

G=Equivalent Aerodynamic Efficiency
CL=Coefficient of Lift
L
G

A=Area of Kite

Control layout GG-AWESs

Control Pod

Rotating Kite
Magenn Air rotor concept

High drag on top, coupled with the low drag

on the bottom results in Torque
About half as efficient at extracting power
At 400 ft wind speed is 3m/s

Moving-ground-station systems
a)Vertical axis generator

(a) Vertical axis generator: ground stations are fixed on the periphery of
the rotorof a verticalaxisgenerator

Moving-ground-station systems
(b)Closedlooprail

(b)Closedlooprail: ground stations are fixed on trolleys that move along a closed
looprail

Moving-ground-station systems
(c)Open loop rail

(c)Open loop rail:ground stations are fixedon trolleys that move along a
open loop rail.

Fly Generation
1)Cross Wind
Principle:Buoyancy and static lift Principle: Rotor thrust

(c)Toroidal lifting aerostat with a

wind turbine in the center
design by Altaeros Energies

(d)Static suspension quadrotor in

autorotation design by Sky
WindPower

Fly Generation
2)Non Cross wind
Principle:Wings Lift

(a)Plane with four turbines,design by

Makani Power

(b)Aircraft composed by a frame of

wings and turbines,design by
Joby Energy

Discussion
Effectof flying mass
Increasing the flying mass decreases the tension
of the cables.
1)Ground-Gen systems rely oncables tension to
generate electricity , a higher mass of the aircraft and/or cables
decreases the energy production
2)Flying-Gen effect has no impact on production

Take-off and landing challenge

 Optimal altitude

Depends on Cable LengthP 1 (V Cos ) 3 4 G 2C A

W
L
2
27
,Elevation angle,
reduction of cable drag

Angle of attack control

For Aerodyanmic design
G2CL should be max.
Corresponding to the
Angle of attack Fixed

P=Optimal Power,Vw=Wind Speed

G=Equivalent Aerodynamic Efficiency
CL=Coefficient of Lift
L
A=Area of Kite
G

 Cables Material
Ultra-High-Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
High strength-to-weight ratio tether materials

Aerodynamic drag opportunities

Reducing drag increases G which increases power

1
3 4
P (VW Cos )
G 2C L A
2
27

References

[1] Airborne Wind Energy Systems: A review of the technologies by

Antonello Cherubini, Andrea Papini, Rocco Vertechy,Marco Fontana a
PERCRO SEES, TeCIP Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, University
of Bologna,Pisa, Italy,2015

[2] http://kitegen.com/

[3]http://www.altaerosenergies.com/