CHAPTER-14

WATER

Name- Madhava
Krishna
Class- VI-D
Roll no.-18

THE OTHER NAME FOR WATER

Water is also known

to us as universal
solvent and wonder
liquid.

COMPONENTS OF WATER
2 atoms of

hydrogen and 1
atom of oxygen
forms 1 molecule of
water.
It is neutral and a
stable compound
with a pH value of
7.

USES OF WATER: DOMESTIC

Water is used for

drinking, cooking
food, washing
utensils, cleaning
the floor,
brushing teeth,
bathing, washing
clothes, etc.

USES OF WATER: AGRICULTURAL

Water is used in
agriculture for
growing food.

USES OF WATER: INDUSTRIAL

It is used in

industries for
producing things
such as paper,
bread and biscuits.

USES OF WATER: FIRE

EXTINGUISHING

It is used to

extinguish fire.

USES OF WATER: SEED DISPERSAL

The water of rivers ,

seas and oceans

help to disperse the
seeds of different
plants and trees.

USES OF WATER: ELECTRICITY

It is used to

generate electricity.

USES OF WATER: AQUATIC LIFE

A large number of

aquatic animals
and plants live in
water.
Life on Earth began
with aquatic forms.

SOURCES OF WATER

Rivers
Lakes
Underground water
Ponds
Wells
Springs
Seas
Oceans
Glaciers
Rain

THE PUREST FORM OF WATER

Rain water is the

purest form of
water.

PROPORTION OF THE PART OF

EARTH COVERED BY WATER

About two thirds of

the Earth is covered
with water.

STATES OF WATER
There are three states of
water. They are:
Solid (Ice, snow)
Liquid (Liquid water)
Gas (Water vapour)
Water can be changed
from 1 form to another
During water cycle, water
goes through all the three
states.

EVAPORATION AND TRANSPIRATION

The changing of

water into water

vapour is called
evaporation.
The process by
which water is
released by green
plants through
stomata is called
transpiration

CONDENSATION
The changing of

water vapour
(gaseous form) into
water (liquid form)
on cooling is called
condensation.
It is the opposite or
reverse of
evaporation

PRECIPITATION
The falling of drops

of water from the

clouds is called
precipitation.
Sometimes the rain
drops freeze while
falling towards the
Earth and this is
called hail.

FORMATION OF CLOUDS

The process of

condensation (the
cooling of water
vapour into water)
takes place for the
formation of clouds
in the sky.

WATER CYCLE
The continuous

circulation of
water from the
Earths surface
to the
atmosphere and
back to the
surface of Earth
is called water
cycle.

IMPORTANCE OF WATER CYCLE

Water cycle makes

fresh water available

in the form of rain.
It keeps the amount
of water on the Earth
constant.

PROBLEMS CAUSED BY HEAVY

RAINS
Heavy rains cause

floods.
Water animals get
carried away by the
current and often get
trapped and die.

DROUGHTS
When it does not rain

for a long time, it

causes a drought. This
results in
Crop failure and

shortage of food
Shortage of fodder for
animals
Large scale migration,
starvation deaths and
epidemics of disease

WATER CONSERVATION
Conserve water is to use it

carefully and wisely,

minimizing wastage.
Repair leaky taps, turn off

water after use

Take bath after filling water
in a bucket and not with
running water
Wash utensils with collected
water in a basin
Reuse water after washing
fruits and vegetables
Minimize use of water and
recycle it.

RAIN WATER HARVESTING

The activity of

collecting rain water

directly and storing it
in tanks for later use,
or making the rain
water percolate into
the ground more
efficiently to recharge
ground water is called
rain water harvesting.
Methods:
Rooftop rain water

harvesting
Rain water harvesting
from open spaces
around buildings

RAINWATER HARVESTING: ROOFTOP

RAINWATER HARVESTING
It can be done in two
ways:
The rainwater is brought
down through pipes and
stored in large tanks for
future use.
The rainwater is brought
down after being
collected on the roof and
goes into a percolation
pit made in the ground
and gets filtered. The
filtered rainwater comes
out of the percolation pit
through pipes

RAINWATER HARVESTING FROM OPEN

SPACES AROUND THE BUILDING
The rainwater
harvesting in cities is
done from around the
building by
constructing
percolation pits
covered with concrete
slabs having holes in
them and connecting
them to a recharge
well through a pipe.
The recharge well has
a width of about 1
metre and a depth of 3
metres.

ADVANTAGES OF RAINWATER
HARVESTING
The water collected

by rainwater
harvesting can be
stored for future use.
It is used to recharge
the water present in
the ground
(groundwater).
It can be used where
there is scarcity of
water. e.g. desert
areas, villages.

QUESTIONS
Which of the following is the purest form of water?

Well water

Spring water

Rain water

River water

1.

2.

.
.
.
.

Four handkerchiefs of the same size

and material are washed and then
hung in four different places:
A. Under the sun
B. In the
balcony
C. In the bathroom
D. Under a
tree
Which of these handkerchiefs would
take the shortest time to dry up?
A
B
C
D

3.

The loss of water from the leaves of plants as water vapour through the stomata is
called:

Respiration
Evaporation
Translocation
Transpiration

.
.
.

When we step out from an air-conditioned car on a humid day, our spectacles become
misty and we cannot see anything clearly. This is due to:
Decantation
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation

5.

The process of condensation is the reverse of:

Evaporation
Transpiration
Freezing
Sublimation

4.
.
.
.

.
.
.

Answers:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Rainwater
A, Under the sun
Transpiration
Condensation
Evaporation

Thank you

EXCELLENT
PRESENTATION MADHAV
SIGNED:
BABITA SHARMA