Redes de Cable HFC y

Fibra Optica FTTH

Ing. Ariel Mendoza
Idiaquez
HUAWEI
CO.,CO.,
LTD.LTD.
HUAWEITECHNOLOGIES
TECHNOLOGIES

Huawei Confidential

Agenda

Introduccin a las tecnologas HFC y FTTX

Evolucin de HFC y DOCSIS
GPON y FTTX

Contents

Introduccin a las tecnologas HFC y FTTX

Evolucin de HFC y DOCSIS
GPON y FTTX

Qu es Triple-Play?

Voice CS/PSTN/PLMN, NGN

/IMS

PSTN: public switched telepho

ne network
PLMN: public land mobile net
work.
NGN: Next Generation Networ
k
IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem

Data BBI

Data Broadband Internet.

Video Broadcast and TV network

Refers to the broadcast network that carries the CATV service. The network is
unidirectional in the early stage and now is under bidirectional reconstruction. After the
reconstruction, users can access the Internet through the broadcast network.

HFC, MSO y FTTX

Hybrid Fiber Coaxial (HFC) Es una red de acceso hbrida de banda ancha que utiliza fibra ptica y cable coaxial
como medios de transmisin basada en la tecnologa de multiplexacin por division de frecuencia (FDM). La red
soporta CATV y servicios de comunicacin de datos al utilizar transmisin analgica y digital, fibra ptica y cable
coaxial y tecnologas de radiofrecuencia (RF). Para el desarrollo del servicio de banda ancha o de servicio de voz,
los operadores deben resstrucuturar sus redes unidireccionales a bidireccionales
The multiservice operator MSOs son operadores tradicionales de television por Cable. Su necesidad es
implementar redes bidireccionales (UPSTREAM y DOWNSTREAM) para poder llevar a cabo la convergencia de
servicios hacia IPTV y DTV.
FTTX Fiber to the X (Home/Building) La tecnologa de telecomunicaciones FTTX es un trmino genrico para
designar cualquier acceso de banda ancha sobre fibra ptica que sustituya total o parcialmente el cobre.

Contents

Introduccin a las tecnologas HFC y FTTX

Evolucin de HFC y DOCSIS
GPON y FTTX

Networking Tpico HFC

DOCSIS (Data Over System Interface Specification)

DOCSIS Stack de Protocolos

Upstream Modulation
QPSK / 16 QAM / 32 QAM / 64

Methods

QAM

Downstream Modulation Methods

64 QAM / 256 QAM

Contents

Introduccin a las tecnologas HFC y FTTX

Evolucin de HFC y DOCSIS
GPON y FTTX

FTTX Escenario de Aplicacin

Qu es PON?
Passive Optical Network
Passive Optical
Splitter

Optical Line Terminal

ONU

ONU

PSTN
Internet

OLT

Passive Optical
Splitter
ONU

CATV

Optical Network Unit

A PON network is a point to multiple points (P2MP) passive

optical network.
A PON network consists of the Optical Line Terminal (OLT),
Optical Network Unit (ONU), and Passive Optical Splitter (POS) .

Model of a GPON Network

UNI

R/S

ODN

S/R

SNI

OLT

ONU/ONT
Referenc
e point
T

IFpon

WDM

WDM
Optical splitter

NE

ONU

Optical Network Unit

ONT

Optical Network Terminal

ODN

Optical Distribution Network

OLT
WDM

Optical Line Terminal

Wavelength Division Multiplex Module

NE

Network Element

SNI

Service Node Interface

UNI

User Network Interface

IFpon

NE

Service node
Reference
point V

PON Standards
APON: ATM Passive Optical Networks
EPON: Ethernet Passive Optical Networks
GE-PON: Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Networks
GPON: Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks

ATM

Ethernet

GEPON

EPON

APON
BPON
GPON

GPON

Page 18

EPON

Comparacin de PON
< 1 Mbps
Access
technology
Coverage
radius
Service
requirement
2002

8M

3M

25M

100M

VDSL / ADSL2+

PON

Copper Based

Copper Based

Fiber Based

<3 km

ADSL/ADSL2+

<2 km

About 20 km

<1 km
VoD
Standard definition
TV

Internet
Video conference
Remote control

Live TV
VoD
HDTV

Video conference

2003

Game

Bandwidth

2006

2010
Time

GPON (Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks)

Three advantages:
1. Longer transmission distance: Transmission over optical fibers reaches the maximum of 20 km
transmission distance.
2. Higher bandwidth: downstream 2.5 Gbit/s and upstream 1.25 Gbit/s (the PMD layer) for each
subscriber
3. Optical split feature: The single optical fiber from the CO is split to multiple drop optical
fibers to save the resources.
GPON supports the triple play service. It provides full-service solution to solve the bandwidth
bottleneck of twisted pair access, and to meet the requirement for high-bandwidth services, such as
high definition TV and live show. GPON is the best choice for the triple play service.
Complete GPON standards and high technology requirements
Preferred by global big carriers

GPON Technology----Data Multip

lexing
The GPON system uses the WDM technology to implement the bi-

directional transmission over a single fiber (a forced transmission

mode).
1490 nm

1310 nm

Over a single optical fiber, to separate the Tx and Rx signals of

multiple subscribers, the GPON system uses the following two

multiplexing technologies:
The downstream data streams use the broadcast technology.
The upstream data streams use the TDMA technology.

Page 20

GPON Technology----Downstrea
m Data

Broadcast mode: The length of any downstream GPON frame is fixed

to 125 us and the frames are broad cast to all the ONUs. In this
way, all the ONUs can receive the same data. The ONUs
differentiate the frames by ONU ID and filters the frames to
receive its own data.
Page 21

GPON Technology----Upstrea
m Data

TDMA mode: The upstream GPON data is transmitted in the TDMA

mode. The uplink is divided into different time slots, which are
allocated to each ONU according to the upstream bandwidth map
field in the downstream frames. Hence, all ONUs can transmit
their own data based on a specific sequence and no conflict for
competing timeslots occurs.
Page 22

Basic Performance Parameters of a GPON

Network
GPON supports the following asynchronous transmission rates:
0.15552 Gbit/s up, 1.24416 Gbit/s down
0.62208 Gbit/s up, 1.24416 Gbit/s down
1.24416 Gbit/s up, 1.24416 Gbit/s down
0.15552 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
0.62208 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
1.24416 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down (mainstream rates supported currently)
2.48832 Gbit/s up, 2.48832 Gbit/s down
Maximum logical reach: 60 km
Maximum physical reach: 20 km
Maximum differential between the farthest and nearest ONUs from the OLT: 20 km
Optical split ratio: 1 64. It can be upgraded to 1: 128.
Logical reach : 60 km
Logical split ratio: 128
UNI

SNI
ONU

OLT
ONU
Maximum differential
between
distance the farthest and the nearest
ONU from the OLT: 20km
s

Ranging based on
synchronous framing
8 kHz clock transport
or recovery
Survivability using
PST bytes
Security based on
encryption

Page 23

GPON Protoc
ols

ITU-T G.984.1
Description of GPON network
parameters
Requirements on protection
switching network

ITU-T G.984.2
Specifications of the PMD layer
Specifications of the 2.488 Gbps
downstream optical port
Specifications of the 1.244 Gbps
upstream optical port
Allocation of physical layer cost
Simple product development;
strong compatibility between
products

ITU-T G-984.1/2/3/4
ITU-T G.984.3
Specifications of the GPON TC
ITU-T G.984.4
layer
Introduction to the OMCI message
Introduction to the GTC
structure
multiplexing structure and
Framework of the OMCI device
protocol stack
management
Introduction to the GTC frame
Overview of OMCI implementation
structure
principles
ONU registration and activation
process. DBA specifications

Key PON Technology

-Burst Electro-Optical Conversion Technology
Quickly enable and disable
capability
0# ONU
Consecutive
optical transceiver

1# ONU
2# ONT

0# ONU

Burst
optical transceiver

1# ONU
2# ONT

Page 25

Key PON Technology

-Burst Electro-Optical Conversion Technology

Quick AGC (optical transceiver) (Dynamic range > 20 dB)

Quick clock recovery

Recovered data

Signals reaching the OLT and

the threshold establishment

Signals sent from the ONT/ONU

0# ONU

AGC

1# ONU
0# ONT
2#

AGC

Page 26

Network Evolution: Live Status-Focused, Demand-Based,

and Coordinated Access
The PON architecture-based networks are constructed based on demands. Compared with the DSL technology,

Rate comparison

the D-CMTS solution has great advantages.

FTTB
Access
Technology
D-CMTS

Demand-based: Different
service requirements,
competition pressure, scenarios,
and access modes urge carriers
to implement bandwidth
acceleration and construct
networks based on demands.

>

D-CMTS

Access
Technology

Downstream rate

800 Mbit/s (shared by multiple users) ADSL2+

VDSL2
100 Mbit/s (per user)
Hub equipment room

DSL

Downstream rate
12 Mbit/s per user
20 Mbit/s to 50 Mbit/s per user

OLT
Business district

D-CMTS

FTTO

CM

Residential district

Small-scale
base station
FTTH

D-CMTS

CM

FTTM
Wi-Fi