Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Eventual Absorption:
Acts like a black body (classroom also?)
EarthAtmosphereEnergyBalance
Sun
4
100
34
20
30
4
Solar
radiation
60
16
7
23
Infrared
radiation
50
Thermal/mechanical
turbulence(sensible
heattransfer)
Pat Arnott, ATMS 749 Atmospheric Radiation Transfer
Atmosphere
50
30
Water
66
Evaporation
(latentheattransfer)
Fig.9.1
FTIR
Ground, Ts
FTIR
Ground, Ts
FTIR
Ground, Ts
Ts
Ground, Ts
Ts
FTIR
Ground, Ts
Pat Arnott, ATMS 749 Atmospheric Radiation Transfer
Seems to
support it
Seems not to
support it.
Te
Te
Earths radiative temperature
Ts
Suns radiative temperature
Rs
Suns radius
Rse Sun to Earth distance
a
Earths surface solar reflectance
t
IR transmittance of Earths atmosphere.
S0 = 1376 W/m2=Solar
Irradiance at the TOA and
=Stefan-Boltzmann
constant
IR Flux Relationships:
F5= F6 = alw Ta4
F2 = tswF1 = (1-asw)F1
F3=Solar reflected to space by
the earth, atmosphere=F4
F8 = Ts4 = Ts4
transmitted by atmosphere.
F4=Solar reflected by surface.
A = surface albedo0.3
asw = Atmosphere absorption
of solar radiation
tsw = Transmission of solar by
the atmosphere = (1-asw)
alw = Atmosphere absorption
of IR radiation
= Atmospheric Emissivity.
tlw = Transmission of IR by
the atmosphere = (1-alw)
Ts = surface temperature
Ta= atmosphere temperature
1 = IR surface emissivity .
Fluxes:
F1=incident from sun
F2 = tswF1 = (1-asw)F1
Is
i
Medium 1
Medium 2
Brewster
Angle
Microwave
=15,000 microns
nr = 6.867192
ni = 2.630
ICE
Medium 1
Medium 2
t
Transmission
&
Absorption:
Tp=1-Rp=ap=p
Ts=1-Rs =as=s
a=absorption
coefficient
=emissivity
Pat Arnott, ATMS 749 Atmospheric Radiation Transfer
Ip
i
55 deg
Is
WHY?
What if ni = 0?
Rp and Rs are not 0 in that case.
How could we get emission if ni=0?
We have no absorption in that case!
If ni=0, then abs=4ni/ = 0!
Pat Arnott, ATMS 749 Atmospheric Radiation Transfer
The transmitted wave, with absorption k2, diminishes. The total amount of
radiation eventually absorbed in medium 2 is given by Tp,s = (1 - Rp,s). No
matter-filled medium exists where k2=0.
Ip
55 deg
Is
z
dz
emissivity
medium
propagator
boundary
transmissivity
z
dz
z
dz
Ip
i
55 deg
Is
N1
T
t
N2
NASA A-Train
In support of the Earth Science Enterprise's goals, NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS)
Aqua Satellite was launched from Vandenberg AFB, California on May 4, 2002 at 02:54:58
a.m. Pacific Daylight Time. The primary goal of Aqua, as the name implies, is to gather
information about water in the Earth's system. Equipped with six state-of-the-art instruments,
Aqua will collect data on global precipitation, evaporation, and the cycling of water. This
information will help scientists all over the world to better understand the Earth's water cycle
and determine if the water cycle is accelerating as a result of climate change.
The Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - EOS (AMSR-E) is a one of the six
sensors aboard Aqua. AMSR-E is passive microwave radiometer, modified from the
Advanced Earth Observing Satellite-II (ADEOS-II) AMSR, designed and provided by
JAXA (contractor: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation). It observes atmospheric, land,
oceanic, and cryospheric parameters, including precipitation,
sea surface
Rainbow Optics
scattering
angle
nr
Angle of minimum
deviation from the
forward direction.
Focusing or
confluence of
rays.
Dipole scattering
Dimensionless Parameters
Size Parameter
x
x
Lines :
r
Qs
mr=1.5