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GBSS15.0
High-Precision TA
Wireless PS Dept
www.huawei.com
Objectives
Page 3
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 4
Overview-Benefits
Description:
This feature increases the precision of reported TA values from 1 symbol (about 3.7 s) to
0.125 symbols (about 0.46 s). The MS access control mode changes from using a single TA
threshold only in the RACH stage to using the upper and lower TA thresholds for voice, data
services, and short message service (SMS) comprehensively in RACH, SDCCH, and TCH
stages.
Customer requirements:
In typical scenarios, for example, on DD network, the customer needs to control MS access
based on the precise MS location. This ensures that MSs a certain distance away cannot use
GSM services without obtaining permission.
Service gains:
This feature improves the precision of reported TA values, thereby enabling customers to
control MS access precisely based on TA values.
Application on installed base networks:
To enable the TA-based access control, upgrade the GBSS to GBSS15.0 and then configure
related parameters.
Competitive edge: none
To enable high-precision TA detection, you must configure the required hardware.
However, TA-based access control has no special requirements for hardware.
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page 5
Overview-Application Scenarios
The MSs in country C are
authorized. According to
the reported TA values,
these MSs are allowed to
access the network and
use GSM services.
RRU3926
RRU3926
RRU3926
Ss
M
in
ry
t
n
ou
on
l
a
r
ve
i
R
th
u
o
c
ry
t
n
bo
r
e
rd
Ss
M
in
try
n
ou
Note: DD network is the only case around the globe. The purpose is to control the
High-Precision TA feature by a license in advance.
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page 6
Overview-Basic Principles
Level
Visible to
Customers
Output MRs
carrying highprecision TA
values.
Performing
access
control
according to
high-precision
TA values.
Due to multipath
propagation, uplink
signals of an MS
have different delays
even when the MS
processes a call in
the same place.
T1
T2
T3
Time
BTS Internal
MechanismTimeslot 3
Multi burst TA filtering:
Versions
Earlier Than R15
R15
Use the TA
value
corresponding
to the largest
SNR.
Timeslot 3
Timeslot 3
Frame n1
Frame n
Frame n+1
Multi MR TA filtering:
The BSC filters the TA values
carried in multiple MRs,
improving TA precision.
TA value
TA value
MR n1
BSC Internal
Mechanism
MR n
MR n+1
Page 7
Overview-Basic Principles
1 symbol equals about 3.7 s. Radio frequency
(RF) signals are transmitted over a distance of
about 1100 m during 3.7 s, and the distance
between the MS and BTS is half the distance, that
is, about 550 m.
TA values for
these MSs
are all 1.
275 m
770 m
When high-precision TA is used, the precision of TA
values is improved to 0.125 symbols, indicating that
all MSs within a distance of 68.8 m have the same
TA value. Consequently, the MSs within a distance of
550 m can be identified by different TA values.
275 m
0.75
0.875
770 m
Page 8
1.125
1.25
TA values
for these
MSs are:
0.75
0.875
1
1.125
1.25
Overview-Basic Principles
In R15 with High-Precision TA
disabled or in an earlier
version:
Single burst
TA test
BTS
Multi
burst TA
filtering
MR
TA-based
TA-based access
access
control
control in
in the
the
RACH
RACH stage
stage
Multi MR
TA filtering
TA-based
TA-based access
access
control
control in
in the
the RACH
RACH
stage
stage
Optimized
in R15
Added
in R15
BSC
Multi burst
TA filtering
Single burst
TA test
TA-based
TA-based access
access
control
control in
in the
the SDCCH
SDCCH
stage
stage
TA-based
TA-based access
access
control
control in
in the
the TCH
TCH
stage
stage
BSC
A TA value consists of two parts: Access Delay and Access Delay Offset. When High-Precision TA is disabled, only
Access Delay is effective. When High-Precision TA is enabled, Access Delay Offset is used to calculate the decimal part
of a high-precision TA value. In this situation, a high-precision TA value is calculated using the following formula:
High-precision TA value = Access Delay + (Access Delay Offset 8)/8
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page 9
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 10
Version/License Planning
Version mapping:
SRAN: V100R008C00 and later
BSC6900: BSC6900 V900R015C00 and later
BSC6910 V100R015C00 and later
M2000: iManager M2000 V200R013C00 and later
CME: iManager M2000-CME V200R013C00 and later
NASTAR: iManager Nastar V600R011C00 and later
BTS: BTS3000V100R015C00 and later
License control:
High-precision TA detection is controlled by a
license on TRX level. This function must be enabled for all TRXs in a cell.
Both the GBTS and eGBTS are controlled by the BSC.
TA-based access control is not controlled by a license.
Prerequisite features: none
Feature conflicts: none
Copyright 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Page 11
Network Topology
N/A
Page 12
Hardware Planning
Hardware planning:
1. The required hardware must be installed to support the high-precision TA detection
function. The following table describes whether an RF module supports this function.
2. All RF modules support the TA-based access control function.
Support HighPrecision TA
Detection
RF Module
Baseband in BBU
or RXU
all
N/A
No
Yes
all
all
all
DRFU
DRRU
DRFU
DRRU
MRFU/GRFU V1/V2
MRFU/GRFU V1/V2
MRRU/GRRU V1/V2
MRRU/GRRU V1/V2
MRFU V3/MRFUd/MRFUe
MRFU V3/MRFUd/MRFUe
RRU3942/3926/3928/3929/3936
RRU3942/3926/3928/3929/3936
N/A
N/A
N/A
Baseband in RXU
Baseband in RXU
Baseband in BBU
Baseband in BBU
Baseband in RXU
Baseband in BBU
Baseband in RXU
Baseband in BBU
Baseband in RXU
Baseband in BBU
Baseband in RXU
Baseband in BBU
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Page 13
Support TA-based
Access Control
Data Planning
Before deploying High-Precision TA, plan the configuration of the following parameters:
Parameter ID
MML Command
Meaning
SET GCELLTA
IDTYPE
Parameter Name
High Precision TA
Switch
Index Type
SET GCELLTA
CELLID
Cell Index
SET GCELLTA
Index type
Cell index. This parameter uniquely identifies a cell under a BSC. GSM cells are
uniquely but not necessarily consecutively numbered within a BSC. For example, you
can number a GSM cell 0 and number another GSM cell 3.
HighPrecisionTa
CELLNAME
Cell Name
SET GCELLTA
RachTaThd
RACH TA Prohibit
Threshold
SET GCELLTA
EstIndThd
Establish Indication
SET GCELLTA
TA Prohibit Threshold
SdcchTaThd
SDCCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
SET GCELLTA
SdcchTaThdOffset
SDCCH TA Prohibit
Threshold Offset
SET GCELLTA
TchTaThd
TCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
SET GCELLTA
PsTaThd
TchTaFilterLen
PDCH TA Prohibit
SET GCELLTA
Threshold
TCH TA Filter Length SET GCELLTA
Cell name. This parameter uniquely identifies a cell under a BSC. Cell names cannot
contain the following invalid characters: , ; = " '
In addition, cell names cannot contain two or more consecutive %, two or more
consecutive spaces, or more than three consecutive +.
TA threshold for prohibiting network access of a call. In RACH: If this parameter is set
to 0, CS services are prohibited. If this parameter is set to 65535, CS services are not
prohibited based on TA. The unit is 1/8.
TA threshold for prohibiting a call in the establish indication stage. If this parameter is
set to 0, CS services are prohibited. If this parameter is set to 65535, CS services are
not prohibited based on TA. The unit is 1/8.
Upper TA threshold for prohibiting CS services in the SDCCH stage. In SDCCH stage:
If this parameter is set to 0, CS services are prohibited. If this parameter is set to
65535, CS services are not prohibited based on TA. The unit is 1/8.
Offset for "SdcchTaThd", which is used for configuring the lower threshold for
prohibiting CS services based on the filtered TA. The unit is 1/8.
TA threshold for prohibiting CS services in the TCH stage.
If this parameter is set to 0, CS services are prohibited. If this parameter is set to
65535, CS services are not prohibited based on TA. The unit is 1/8.
TA threshold for prohibiting PS services. If this parameter is set to 65535, PS services
are not prohibited based on TA. The unit is 1/8.
Sliding window size for TA filtering in the TCH stage
Page 14
Data Planning
The following table describes the principles for configuring related parameters.
Parameter ID
HighPrecisionTa
RachTaThd
EstIndThd
SdcchTaThd
SdcchTaThdOffset
TchTaThd
PsTaThd
TchTaFilterLen
Parameter Name
High Precision TA
Switch
Configuration Principle
If the hardware supports High-Precision TA and you need to enable this feature, set this parameter to
ON(On).
This parameter specifies a threshold used to control MS access in the RACH stage. The BSC rejects
RACH TA Prohibit
channel requests that exceed this threshold. Note: If the BSC rejects the channel request by an MS,
Threshold
the MS cannot camp on the current cell and therefore will retry accessing other cells.
This parameter specifies a threshold used to control MS access in the establish indication stage. The
Establish Indication BSC does not control channel requests with the values Location Update and IMSI Detach so that these
TA Prohibit
MSs can camp on the current cell. The BSC rejects channel requests with other cause values when the
Threshold
TA value exceeds the threshold. If the BSC rejects a channel request, the MS will not retry accessing
other cells.
An upper and a lower thresholds are used to control MS access in the SDCCH stage. This parameter
specifies the upper threshold. The BSC rejects channel requests that exceed this threshold. The value
SDCCH TA Prohibit
of this parameter is calculated based on the geographical location where you wish to prohibit MSs from
Threshold
accessing the network. For example, to prohibit MSs located at least X meters away, set this parameter
to the rounded-down value of (X/68.8).
This parameter specifies the difference between the upper and lower thresholds in the SDCCH stage.
The lower threshold equals the value of SdcchTaThd minus the value of this parameter. The BSC
SDCCH TA Prohibit
allows an MS to access the network when the TA value is less than the lower threshold. If
Threshold Offset
HighPrecisionTa is set to ON(On), set this parameter to 3 (indicating that the TA value is 3/8). If
HighPrecisionTa is set to OFF(Off), set this parameter to 16 (indicating that the TA value is 2).
This parameter specifies a threshold used to control MS access in the TCH stage. Set this parameter
TCH TA Prohibit
only if necessary. For example, this parameter is not configured on DD network. This is because that
Threshold
the BSC releases a channel if the TA value exceeds this threshold in the TCH stage. When this occurs,
the call is dropped, and user experience deteriorates.
This parameter specifies a threshold used to control MS access when an MS occupies a PDCH. The
PDCH TA Prohibit
BSC releases a PDCH if the TA value exceeds this threshold when an MS occupies the PDCH. Set this
Threshold
parameter according to the value of SdcchTaThd.
This parameter specifies the sliding window size for TA filtering in the TCH stage. The greater the value
TCH TA Filter
of this parameter, the more precise the reported TA value but the slower the control speed. The default
Length
value of this parameter is 4.
Page 15
Data Planning
The following table describes the parameter settings for a pseudo-BTS (DD network is used as an
example).
Parameter ID
Parameter Name
Value
Remarks
HighPrecisionTa
IDTYPE
CELLID
CELLNAME
High Precision TA
Switch
Index Type
Cell Index
Cell Name
RachTaThd
RACH TA Prohibit
Threshold
EstIndThd
Establish Indication
65535*
TA Prohibit Threshold
SdcchTaThd
SDCCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
SDCCH TA Prohibit
SdcchTaThdOffset
Threshold Offset
TchTaThd
TchTaFilterLen
PsTaThd
High-Precision TA is enabled.
65535
TCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
65535
*When handling the problem on DD network, EstIndThd does not support high-precision TAs.
**When handling the problem on DD network, the PsTaThd parameter is not supported, and EstIndThd is used as the threshold
for prohibiting MS access control based on the TA value for PS services.
Page 16
Data Planning
The following table describes parameter settings for a common BTS (DD network is used as an
example).
Parameter ID
Parameter Name
Value
Remarks
This parameter is not configured when common BTSs
are used, because they do not support high-precision TA
detection.
HighPrecisionTa
High Precision TA
Switch
OFF(Off)
IDTYPE
CELLID
CELLNAME
Index Type
Cell Index
Cell Name
RachTaThd
RACH TA Prohibit
Threshold
EstIndThd
Reserved Parameter 3 is
With the pseudo-BTS, setting this parameter to 7 for
set to 2047, indicating that
Establish Indication
common cells prevents MSs in country N from accessing
TA Prohibit Threshold the value of this
the network through common cells.
parameter is 7. *
SdcchTaThd
TchTaThd
SdcchTaThdOffset
TchTaFilterLen
PsTaThd
SDCCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
TCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
SDCCH TA Prohibit
Threshold Offset
TCH TA Filter Length
PDCH TA Prohibit
Threshold
65535
65535
65535
0
4
This parameter does not
need to be configured. **
*When handling the problem on DD network, EstIndThd does not support high-precision TAs.
**When handling the problem on DD network, the PsTaThd parameter is not supported, and EstIndThd is used as the threshold
for prohibiting MS access control based on the TA value for PS services.
Page 17
Acceptance Planning
Tools:
Personnel:
Page 18
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 19
Page 20
Page 21
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 22
Acceptance
Acceptance procedure:
Disable
High-Precision TA. Then, perform a dialing test outside the lab and trace signaling and MRs in the cell.
Enable High-Precision TA. Then, perform a dialing test outside the lab and trace signaling and MRs in the cell.
Use a signaling tool to observe the TA values carried in the signaling and MRs before and after High-Precision TA is
enabled. A TA value consists of two parts: Access Delay (actual-timing-advance in an MR) and Access Delay Offset.
Before this feature is enabled, Access Delay represents the integral part of a TA value, and Access Delay Offset is
11111111 (FF). After this feature is enabled, Access Delay Offset represents the decimal part of a TA value, and a TA
value is calculated using the following formula:
TA = Access Delay + (Access Delay Offset 8)/8
If high-precision TA values (Access Delay Offset is not 11111111) are reported after High-Precision TA is enabled, this
feature is successfully deployed.
TA value carried in an
MR when High-Precision
TA is enabled
Common-precision TA
Common-precision TA
Page 23
There are no alarms associated with this feature. Therefore, no special operation and maintenance (O&M) is required.
Enabling TA-based access control may affect some KPIs in a cell. This is normal. The following table lists these KPIs.
Enabling TA-based access control may increase user complaints. This is normal phenomena when this function is
used.
KPIs affected by TA-based access control
KPI
Impact
This counter gets worse if the BSC rejects channel requests in the SDCCH stage.
TCH call drops occur if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold in the TCH stage.
TCH call drops occur if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold in the TCH stage.
Channel assignments fail if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold in the establish indication
stage.
The call setup success rate decreases in the case of an SDCCH/TCH call drop or assignment failure.
TBF establishments fail if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold on a PDCH, deteriorating
the TBF establishment success rate.
TBF call drops occur if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold on a PDCH, increasing the
TBF call drop rate.
Average Throughput of Uplink TBF call drops occur if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold on a PDCH, then a TBF
GPRS LLC per User (kbit/s) reestablishment is triggered, decreasing the overall data rate for users.
Average Throughput of Uplink TBF call drops occur if the TA value exceeds the predefined threshold on a PDCH, then a TBF
EGPRS LLC per User (kbit/s) reestablishment is triggered, decreasing the overall data rate for users.
The table briefly describes the impacts of TA-based access control on KPIs. The specific change scope for a KPI is related to the
proportion of rejected users to accepted users. For the problem on DD network, unauthorized users account for only a small
proportion among all users. Therefore, the KPIs do not deteriorate noticeably in related cells after TA-based access control is enabled.
Page 24
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 25
Network Impact
Page 26
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 27
Page 28
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 29
Cases
The application scenario for TA-based access control is special. DD network is the only case on the
live networks worldwide.
Signals transmitted from the BTSs on DD network in country C go across the border to country N. In
country N, users with SIM cards from country C can use GSM services provided by DD network, which
violates related laws and regulations of country N. Therefore, country N requests DD network operator
to prohibit such unauthorized users from using GSM services.
The areas on both sides of the river are flat, with no obstacles for radio signals. Therefore, the BSC
can determine MSs' locations only by TA values. However, the river width is limited, and high-precision
TA values are therefore required.
Solution:
RRUs (RRU3926), which support the high-precision TA
detection function, are deployed in country C along the river.
These RRUs are called pseudo-BTSs.
The High-Precision TA feature is enabled on the RRUs
(RRU3926). A TA threshold is specified for access control in
the SDCCH stage, the distance (converted into a TA value)
between the BTS antenna and the border of country N is
used as the upper threshold, and the river width (converted
into a TA value) is used as an offset. This ensures that users
in country C can use the GSM services provided by these
RRUs as normal, but the users in country N cannot.
For other common BTSs in country C, the TA-based access
control function is enabled, and a TA threshold is specified in
the establish indication stage. This ensures that users in
country N cannot establish links to the common BTSs.
Page 30
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 31
FAQs
1. The required hardware must be installed to support the high-precision
TA detection function.
2. To enable high-precision TA detection in a cell, you must enable this
function on all TRXs. Otherwise, common-precision and high-precision
TA values coexist in uplink signaling and MRs, affecting the benefits
brought by the High-Precision TA feature.
3. When TA-based access control is enabled, MSs cannot access the
network or use services when the TA value exceeds the threshold.
This has negative impacts on related KPIs. Deploy this function only if
the customer is aware of and accepts such impacts.
Page 32
Contents
1 Overview
2 Planning
3 Deployment and Commissioning
4 Acceptance and Maintenance
5 Network Impact
6 Simulation Test Result
7 Cases
8 FAQs
9 Reference Documents & Abbreviations
Page 33
Reference Documents
1. High-Precision TA Feature Description
2. High-Precision TA Feature Parameter Description
Page 34
Abbreviations
Page 35
Thank you
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