Images Used in The CCNP ROUTE FLD - Chapter 7-Appendix

Figure 7-1 BGP Is Used Between Autonomous Systems
From Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE) Foundation Learning Guide by Diane Teare, Bob Vachon and Rick Graziani (1587204568) Copyright 2015
Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Figure 7-2 BGP Uses Path Vector Routing

Figure 7-3 BGP Supports the Internet's Hop-by-Hop Routing Paradigm

Figure 7-4 BGP Is Carried Inside TCP Segments, Which Are Inside IP Packets
Figure 7-5 A Router Running BGP Keeps a BGP Table, Separate from the IP Routing Table
Figure 7-6 Routers That Have Formed a BGP Connection Are BGP Neighbors or Peers
Figure 7-7 eBGP Neighbors Belong to Different Autonomous Systems

Figure 7-8 iBGP Neighbors Are in the Same Autonomous System

Figure 7-9 BGP in a Transit Autonomous System

Figure 7-10 Partial-Mesh Versus Full-Mesh iBGP

Figure 7-11 BGP Network with iBGP and eBGP Neighbor Relationships
Figure 7-12 Network for Basic BGP Configuration Example

Figure 7-13 Monitoring Soft Reconfiguration

Figure 7-14 Router R3 Prepends Its Own Autonomous System Number as It Passes Routes
from Router R1 to Router R2
Figure 7-15 MED Attribute: Router R2 Is the Best Next Hop to Get to Autonomous System 65500
Figure 7-16 Weight Attribute: Router R1 Uses Router R2 as the Next Hop to Reach 209.165.201.0
Figure 7-17 Weight Attribute: Router R1 Uses Router R2 as the Next Hop to Reach 209.165.201.0
Figure 7-18 Network for BGP Path Selection Example

Figure 7-19 Filtering BGP with Prefix Lists Examples

Figure 7-20 Filtering BGP with AS-Path Access Lists Example

Figure 7-21 Filtering BGP with Route Maps Example

Figure 7-22 BGP Peer Group Example

Figure 7-23 BGP with IPv4 as Both the Carrier and Passenger Protocol
Figure 7-24 BGP with IPv4 as the Carrier Protocol and IPv6 as the Passenger Protocol
Figure 7-25 BGP with IPv6 as Both the Carrier and Passenger Protocol
Figure 7-26 Exchanging IPv6 Routes over an IPv4 BGP Session Example
Figure 7-27 Exchanging IPv6 Routes over an IPv6 BGP Session Example
Figure 7-28 Network Objectives for BGP for IPv6 Example

Figure 7-29 Network and Addressing for BGP for IPv6 Example
Figure 7-30 Network for IPv6 Prefix List Example

Figure 7-31 Network for IPv6 Local Preference Example

Figure 8-1 Management Passwords

Figure 8-2 RADIUS Message Exchange

Figure 8-3 TACACS+ Message Exchange

Figure 8-4 SSH Topology

Figure 8-5 Logging Mechanisms

Figure 8-6 NTP Design Hierarchy

Figure 8-7 Reference NTP Topology

Figure 8-8 SNMP Elements

Figure 8-9 Periodically Archiving the Configuration

Figure 8-10 Routing Update Using Plain-Text Authentication

Figure 8-11 Routing Update Using Hashing Authentication

Figure 8-12 EIGRP Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-13 EIGRP for IPv6 Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-14 OSPF Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-15 OSPFv3 Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-16 BGP Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-17 BGP forIPv6 Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-18 VRF-Lite Reference Topology

Figure 8-19 EVN Reduces the Network Infrastructure

Figure B-1 IP Addresses and Subnetting Job Aid

Figure B-2 Converting an Octet of an IP Address from Binary to Decimal

Figure B-3 Converting IP Addresses Between Binary and Decimal

Figure B-4 Determining an IP Address Class from the First Few Bits of an Address
Figure B-5 A Subnet Mask Determines How an IP Address Is Interpreted

Figure B-6 Network Used in the Subnet Mask Example

Figure B-7 Calculating the Subnets for the Network in Figure B-6
Figure B-8 Access Lists Can Control Packet Movement Through a Network
Figure B-9 Standard IP Access Lists Filter Based Only on the Source Address
Figure B-10 Processing of an Inbound Standard IP Access List Used for Filtering
Figure B-11 Processing of an Outbound Standard IP Access List Used for Filtering
Figure B-12 Network Used for the Standard IP Access List Example
Figure B-13 Location of the Standard IP Access List Example

Figure B-14 Processing Flow of an Extended IP Access List Used for Filtering
Figure B-15 Network Used for the Extended IP Access List Example
Figure B-16 Extended IP Access List Example with Many Servers

Figure B-17 A Router Has Five Virtual Terminal Lines (Virtual Ports) by Default
Figure B-18 The Telephone Network Uses an Addressing Hierarchy

Figure B-19 Scalable Addressing Allows Summarization

Figure B-20 Nonscalable Addressing Results in Large Routing Tables

Figure B-21 Network for the VLSM Example

Figure B-22 Center Block Shows Range of Addresses for VLSM for Division X in Figure B-21
Figure B-23 Detailed IP Addressing of Division X in Figure B-21

Figure B-24 Calculating Subnet Addresses for the Remote Site LANs in Figure B-23
Figure B-25 Binary Representation of the Addresses Used in Figure B-23

Figure B-26 Further Subnetting a Subnetted Address

Figure B-27 Routers Can Summarize to Reduce the Number of Routes

Figure B-28 Summarizing Within an Octet, for Router D in Figure B-27

Figure B-29 VLSM Addresses Can Be Summarized

Figure B-30 Routers Use the Longest Match When Selecting a Route
Figure B-31 CIDR Allows a Router to Summarize Multiple Class C Addresses

Figure C-1 Using CIDR with BGP

Figure C-2 BGP Network for Summarization Examples

Figure C-3 BGP Network for Summarization Examples

Figure C-4 A Router Running BGP Keeps a BGP Table, Separate from the IP Routing Table
Figure C-5 Network for BGP Communities Example

Figure C-6 Network for BGP Communities Example Using Weight

Figure C-7 Full-Mesh iBGP Requires Many Sessions and, Therefore, Is Not Scalable
Figure C-8 When Router A Is a Route Reflector, It Can Propagate Routes Learned via iBGP
from Router B to Router C
Figure C-9 Example of a Route Reflector Design

Figure C-10 Bad Route Reflector Design That Does Not Follow the Physical Topology
Figure C-11 Good Route Reflector Design That Does Follow the Physical Topology
Figure C-12 Router A Is a Route Reflector


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Figure 7-1 BGP Is Used Between Autonomous Systems

Figure 7-2 BGP Uses Path Vector Routing

Figure 7-3 BGP Supports the Internet's Hop-by-Hop Routing Paradigm

Figure 7-7 eBGP Neighbors Belong to Different Autonomous Systems

Figure 7-8 iBGP Neighbors Are in the Same Autonomous System

Figure 7-9 BGP in a Transit Autonomous System

Figure 7-10 Partial-Mesh Versus Full-Mesh iBGP

Figure 7-12 Network for Basic BGP Configuration Example

Figure 7-13 Monitoring Soft Reconfiguration

Figure 7-18 Network for BGP Path Selection Example

Figure 7-19 Filtering BGP with Prefix Lists Examples

Figure 7-20 Filtering BGP with AS-Path Access Lists Example

Figure 7-21 Filtering BGP with Route Maps Example

Figure 7-22 BGP Peer Group Example

Figure 7-28 Network Objectives for BGP for IPv6 Example

Figure 7-30 Network for IPv6 Prefix List Example

Figure 7-31 Network for IPv6 Local Preference Example

Figure 8-1 Management Passwords

Figure 8-2 RADIUS Message Exchange

Figure 8-3 TACACS+ Message Exchange

Figure 8-4 SSH Topology

Figure 8-5 Logging Mechanisms

Figure 8-6 NTP Design Hierarchy

Figure 8-7 Reference NTP Topology

Figure 8-8 SNMP Elements

Figure 8-9 Periodically Archiving the Configuration

Figure 8-10 Routing Update Using Plain-Text Authentication

Figure 8-11 Routing Update Using Hashing Authentication

Figure 8-12 EIGRP Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-13 EIGRP for IPv6 Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-14 OSPF Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-15 OSPFv3 Routing Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-16 BGP Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-17 BGP forIPv6 Authentication Reference Topology

Figure 8-18 VRF-Lite Reference Topology

Figure 8-19 EVN Reduces the Network Infrastructure

Figure B-1 IP Addresses and Subnetting Job Aid

Figure B-2 Converting an Octet of an IP Address from Binary to Decimal

Figure B-3 Converting IP Addresses Between Binary and Decimal

Figure B-5 A Subnet Mask Determines How an IP Address Is Interpreted

Figure B-6 Network Used in the Subnet Mask Example

Figure B-13 Location of the Standard IP Access List Example

Figure B-16 Extended IP Access List Example with Many Servers

Figure B-18 The Telephone Network Uses an Addressing Hierarchy

Figure B-19 Scalable Addressing Allows Summarization

Figure B-20 Nonscalable Addressing Results in Large Routing Tables

Figure B-21 Network for the VLSM Example

Figure B-23 Detailed IP Addressing of Division X in Figure B-21

Figure B-25 Binary Representation of the Addresses Used in Figure B-23

Figure B-26 Further Subnetting a Subnetted Address

Figure B-27 Routers Can Summarize to Reduce the Number of Routes

Figure B-28 Summarizing Within an Octet, for Router D in Figure B-27

Figure B-29 VLSM Addresses Can Be Summarized

Figure B-31 CIDR Allows a Router to Summarize Multiple Class C Addresses

Figure C-1 Using CIDR with BGP

Figure C-2 BGP Network for Summarization Examples

Figure C-3 BGP Network for Summarization Examples

Figure C-5 Network for BGP Communities Example

Figure C-6 Network for BGP Communities Example Using Weight

Figure C-9 Example of a Route Reflector Design

Figure C-12 Router A Is a Route Reflector

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