DESIGN OF WINDLENS FOR

DISASTER RELIEF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN
MCB 3083

AHMAD AFIF
18638
DIANA LIA THOMAS MARTIN 18698
LAU KAH MUN
18651
LINA FAHIMAH BT ALI 18717
SAYID IZWAN B SAYID BASRI 18733

INTRODUCTION
Persians introduces wind turbine in early

500-900 BC
To pump water and grind grains

PERSIA 500-900 BC

19TH CENTURY

Windmill in Denmark

Halladay
Pumping
Windmill

Darrieus wind
turbine

Swedish offshore Wind Farm

JAPAN WINDLENS
TECHNOLOGY

Two Experimental Wind Lenses at Fukuoka, Japan

Literature Review

Wind Lens

Working principles of wind lens by Japanese researcher

Advantages
Design of blades are compact
Generates efficient electricity
Overcomes noise problem
Wind lens prevent breakage of blades
Avoid bird strikes
Operates at lower wind speed

DESIGN SPECIFICATION

PROPERTIES
Wind Speed
Height
Blade Material
Diffuser
Material
Body Material
Blade Radius
Diameter of
Diffuser
Power
Coefficient, Cp
Number of
Blades
Max Power
output

DESCRIPTIONS
2.5m/s
Elevation from ground is 10m
Fiberglass
Steel
Steel
2m
5m
0.54
4
150kW

Objective Tree

Easy to
operate and
mantain
User
Objectives

decrease the uses of

natural sourcer

enviromental
friendly
increase the
amount of
energy in time

Cost
Objectives

Cheap to maintain

Reasonable and
affordable for customer

Able to produce
large volume of
energy

WIND
LENS
Large amount of
energy

Design
Objectives

Able to control
thye speed

Gearbox
High
efficiency

Blade

Able to operate
for longer
period
Larger surface
area with certain
angle

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN &

EVALUATION PROCESS

Concept 1

Concept 2

Concept 3

Selection Criteria

Weight

Concept 1
Rating

Concept 2
Weighted
Score

Rating

Concept 3
Weighted

Score

Rating

Weighted
Score

Aerodynamic

54

72

72

Product safety

10

60

60

90

Durability

48

56

72

Cost

56

56

48

Maintenance

48

48

40

54

63

10

54

Product
performance
Total Weighted

320

355

376

Section
View

Material Selection
Part

Function

Blades

To rotate to generate
electricity

Gearbox

To reduce speed or
torque

Bearing

To enable the blade to

rotate smoothly

Bolts and Nuts

Brim

To connect the joints

Create low pressure

region

Material properties
High stiffness, high
strength and light weight

High wear resistance

High corrosion
resistance and high wear
resistance

Suitable material
Glass Fiber

Cast Iron
Polytetrafluoroethyl
ene (PTFE)

High stiffness, high

corrosion resistance and
high wear resistance

Carbon Steel

High stiffness, high

strength and light weight

Glass Fiber

Calculation
Given:
Wind speed = 2.5m/s
Diameter of blade = 4m
Cp = 0.54
Maximum power = 150kW

Blade tip speed = (rotor speed)()(D)/60

Assume rotor speed = 35rpm
Hence, blade tip speed = 7.33m/s

opt = 4/n
n=no of blade
opt = 3.14

Tip speed ratio

= blade tip speed / wind speed
= 2.93

Wind power
P = 0.5AV3Cp
P = (0.5)(1.23)(12.57)(2.5x14) 3(0.54) = 178.93W

From the specification, the maximum

capacity is 150kW.
r2 = (150000) / [(2)(1.23)(2.5x1.4)3(0.54)]
r = 44.73m

Fault Tree Analysis

FMEA
Item

Description and
function

Failure mode

Failure effect

Detection
method

Severity

Remarks

Local

System

The speed is
not same.

Notification is
not provided
when the
system is
operating.

None

Would be
better if blade
could fail in the
failure mode.

Notification is
provided when
the system is
operating.

Yes. Power
will not be
generated.

Would be
better if
generator
could fail in the
failure mode.

Blades
-It is rotated when
there is strong
wind.

Damaged.

Generator
-Powered by the
blades.

Loss connection of The rotor

wires or internal
cannot rotate.
damage.

Bearing system
Excessive load on
- It used to assist
the bearing.
the blade to rotate
smoothly

The blade is
not rotate.

Notification is
not provided
when the
system is
operating.

None

Would be
better if
bearing could
fail in the
failure mode.

Wiring
Displaced or
connections
Disconnected.
-It used to link and
activated all the
mechanical
components.

The electrical
energy is not
stored

Notification is
not provided
when the
system is
operating.

None

Would be
better if
connections
could fail in the
failure mode.

Gearbox
-It used to change
the speed and
torque

The gear will

break

Notification is
not provided
when the
system is
operating.

None

Would be
better if
gearbox could
fail in the
failure mode.

Rusted.

Cost Evaluation
ITEM NO

DESCRIPTION
AND PROPERTIES

QUANTITY

MATERIAL

PRICES/product

Blade

Fiberglass

RM 4338.8

Pole

Steel

RM 10039.5

Steel

RM 312.34

Steel

RM 1673.25

3
Ribs

Brim
Total

RM 16363.49