MOTHERBOARD

By ANUSHKA MALVIYA
EUNICE KASONGO

CONTENTS
Introduction
History
Types of motherboard
Motherboard components
CPU socket
Memory socket
CMOS battery
Chipset
Conclusion

Introduction
Motherboard also known as the primary circuit inside the computer and where there is the
central processing unit CPU, Memory slots, drives and other peripherals.

A motherboard provides the electrical connection by which the other components of the
system communicate. It also connects the central processing unit and hosts other subsystems
and devices.
An important component of a motherboard is the microprocessors supporting chipset, which
provides the supporting interfaces between the CPU and the various buses and external
components. This chipset determines, to an extent, the features and capabilities of the
motherboard.

History
In 1947 the first transistor was invented
CPU, memory and I/O peripherals were housed on individual PCBs
In 1980s, motherboards began to include single Ics
At present, motherboards support a full range of audio, video,
storage, and networking functions.

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD
In general, there are four types of motherboard
ATX MOTHERBOARD
XT MOTHERBOARD
AT MOTHERBOARD
BABY MOTHERBOARD

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD
ATX motherboard
ATX stands for Advanced
Technology extended.
In this type, we find MPGA
processor socket, DDR ram
slot, AGP slots, etc.
Example, Dual Core, Core
duo, Quad Core.

TYPES OF MOTHERBOARD
XT motherboard
XT stands for extended
technology.
These are old model
motherboard.
In this type we find old model
processor socket, ram slots
Dimms, etc.
Example, Pentium-1, PentiumMMX and Pentium-II

Types of Motherboard
AT Motherboard
AT stands for advanced
technology.
Advanced technology
Motherboards have PGA(Pin
Grid Array), Sockets, SD ram
slots, 20pin power connector
PCI slots and ISA slots
Example, Pentium-III
Processors

Types of Motherboard

BABY Motherboard

Baby AT Motherboards have the combination

of XT and AT.
They have both slot type processor sockets
and PGA Processor sockets, SD Ram slots
and DDR Ram slots
Example, Pentium-III and Pentium IV

MOTHERBOARD COMPONENTS
Clock Generator
CPU socket
Memory Socket
ROM Bios
CMOS Ram
Battery
Chipset
Expansion slot
AGP port
IDE Port
Floppy disk port
I/O connectors USB port add more printer ports
Main power connector1
Front panel connecting pin

CPU SOCKET
A CPU socket or CPU slot is a
mechanical and electrical connections
between a microprocessor and a printed
circuit board.
This allows the CPU to be replaced
without soldering
Common sockets have retention clips
that apply a constant force, which must
be overcome when a device is inserted.

Memory socket (DIMM socket)

There are three types of memory

that currently popular used in the
PC
RD RAM
DDR RAM
SD RAM

CMOS BATTERY

Non volatile BIOS memory refers to a

small memory on PC motherboards
that is used to store BIOS settings.
It was traditionally called CMOS RAM
because it used a volatile, low power
complementary metal oxide
semiconductor ( CMOS )SRAM such
as Motorola MC1468 or similar

Chipset
Group of integrated
circuits
Divided into different
parts
Each part provide
specific functions

Companies that provide Motherboard in

INDIA

INTEL

GIGABYTE TECHNOLOGY

ASUS

MSI

ASROCK

FUTURE OF MOTHERBOARD
There are many new technologies coming for the PC, making
everything faster and easier to use.
The new CPUs will demand faster memory and busses.
Intel is promoting USB 2.0, allowing 480Mbit devices while
still supporting the existing USB peripherals.
The PCI bus is evolving into PCI-X, providing over 1GB/sec of
bandwidth

THANK YOU